iosr-JMCE   Volume-13 ~ Issue-4 ~ July-Aug 2016

Abstract: Cadmium manganese telluride (CdMnTe) is one of the semiconductor materials with potential applications at room-temperature for nuclear and radiological detection. CdMnTe crystals grown by Bridgman technique are prone to tellurium inclusions and related defects that limit their performance as X-rays and gamma-rays detectors. The major reason for this is that they are grown in a tellurium-rich environment. These defects could trap charges that are generated by X-rays and gamma rays thereby degrading the charge transport properties of the detectors and reducing their carrier lifetime.............

Keywords: CdMnTe, defects, gamma-rays, nuclear and radiological detection, thermal annealing, X-rays

[1] S. U. Egarievwe, W. Chan, K.-H. Kim, U. N. Roy, V. Sams, A. Hossain, A. Kassu, R. B. James. "Carbon Coating and Defects in CdZnTe and CdMnTe Nuclear Detectors," IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 63(1), 2016, 236–245.
[2] N. Dedek, R. D. Speller, P. Spendley, and J. A. Horrocks, "Performance Evaluation of 98 CZT Sensors for Their Use in Gamma-Ray Imaging," IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 55(5), 2008, 2689–2697.
[3] H. Chen, S. A. Awadalla, P. Marthandam, K. Iniewski, P. H. Lu, G. Bindley, "CZT device with improved sensitivity for medical imaging and homeland security applications," Proc. SPIE 7449, Hard X-Ray, Gamma-Ray, and Neutron Detector Physics XI, San Diego, CA, 2009, 744902.
[4] S. A. Awadalla, J. Mackenzie, H. Chen, B. Redden, G. Bindley, M. C. Duff, A. Burger, M. Groza, V. Buliga, J. P. Bradley, Z. R. Dai, N. Teslich, D. R. Black, "Characterization of detector-grade CdZnTe crystals grown by traveling heater method (THM)," Journal of Crystal Growth, 312(4), 2010, 507–513.

Abstract: The objective of the research study is to model a bridge with four different material using ANSYS software and to perform a modal analysis of bridge problem. For all four materials eight node solid element is selected and meshing is done individually for each modal. The material property of each material is selected as per literature database in ANSYS software. The modal analysis in ANSYS is performed to obtain the natural frequency and mode shapes of bridge to avoid the resonance of the bridge.

Keywords: ANSYS , Bridge design, Modal analysis, Mode shape, Natural frequency, Resonance,.

[1]. Broquet, C., Bailey, S.F., Fafard, M. And Brühwiler, E., (2004), Dynamic Behaviour of Deck Slabs of Concrete Road Bridges,
Journal of Bridge Engineering, Vol. 9, No. 2, ISSN 10084-0702/2004/2-137.
[2]. KAROUMI, R., (1998), Response of Cable-Stayed and Suspension Bridges to Moving Vehicles Analysis methods and practical
modelling techniques,Doctoral Thesis, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, ISSN 1103-4270.
[3]. Melaku.S, Hongsheng Qiu, Transient Dynamic Analysis of Simple Railway Bridge under Train Moving Load, 2014 International
Conference on Civil Engineering, Energy and Environment
[4]. Bangash, M. Y. H., Concrete and Concrete Structures: Numerical Modeling and Applications, Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd.,
London, England, 1989.

Abstract: It has been observed that a phenomenon known as "transient vibration "sometimes occurs in centrifugal compressorswith between bearing configuration during start- up just after a short shutdown. The phenomenon iscaused by a thermal induced bow which is similar to rotor bow occurring in large steam turbines during start-up.The occurrence of this phenomenon depends on certain operating conditions and loop configurations of centrifugal compressors.

Keywords: Phase, slow-roll, stiffness ratio, logic solver

[1]. Modeling of rotor bow during hot start of centrifugal compressor - L. Baldassarre& M. Fontana 39th Turbo machinery symposium TAMU
[2]. Air Pressure Dependence of Natural-Convection Heat Transfer- MaysamSaidi, Reza HosseiniAbardeh- Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering 2010 Vol II WCE 2010,
[3]. Effect of residual shaft bow on unbalance response – Dr. John Nicholas, Dr. Edgar J. Gunter, Dr. P. Allaire.
[4]. Comparison of unbalance response of Jeffcott Rotor with shaft bow and shaft run out – Dr.R. DFlack, Dr. Edgar J. Gunter et al
[5] Start up issue with centrifugal compressor after a short shut down and mitigation to enhance reliability and availability – M.Bhattacharya MFPT conference Dayton Ohio 2016

Abstract: Concrete industry is one of the largest consumers of natural resources due to which sustainability of concrete industry is under threat. The environmental and economic concern is the biggest challenge concrete industry is facing. In this paper, the issues of environmental and economic concern are addressed by the use of waste glass powder as partial replacement of cement in concrete. Cement was replaced by waste glass powder as 0% to 40% in increment of 5% in M20. The concrete specimens were tested for compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength and workability at 7days, 28 days, 60days, 90days and 180days of age and the results obtained were compared with those of normal concrete.........

Keywords: Fibre reinforced concrete, waste glass powder, strength, sustainable concrete.

[1]. Khatib J.M., Sohl H.S., H.S. Sohl and Chileshe N. (2012) "Glass Powder Utilisation in Concrete Production" European Journal of Applied Sciences 4 (4): 173-176, 2012 ISSN 2079-2077 © IDOSI Publications,
[2]. Patel Dhirendra, Yadav R.K. and Chandak R (2012) "Strength Characteristics of Pre Cast Concrete Blocks Incorporating Waste Glass Powder" ISCA Journal of Engineering Sciences Vol. 1(1)July, [International Science Congress Association]
[3]. JangidJitendra B. and Saoji A.C. (2014) "Experimental investigation of waste glass powder as the partial replacement of cement in concrete production" IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-ISSN: 2278-1684, p-ISSN: 2320-334X [International Conference on Advances in Engineering and Technology –(ICAET-2014)]
[4]. Idir R., Cyr M., and Tagnit-Hamou A. (2009) "Use of Waste Glass as Powder and Aggregate in Cement-Based Materials" SBEIDCO – 1st International Conference on Sustainable Built Environement Infrastructures in Developing Countries ENSET Oran (Algeria) -
[5]. Chikhalikar S.M. and Tande S.N. (2012) "An Experimental Investigation On Characteristics Properties of Fibre Reinforced Concrete Containing Waste Glass Powder as Pozzolona" 37th Conference on Our World in Concrete and Structures, Singapore, August.

Abstract: The majority of building structures are designed and constructed in reinforced concrete which are mainly depends upon availability of the constituent materials and the level of skill required in construction, as well as the practicality of design codes. R.C.C is no longer economical because of their increased dead load, hazardous formwork. However composite construction is a new concept for construction industry. The use of modern composite systems............

Keywords: Composite column, composite frame, nonlinear static analysis, pushover analysis

[1]. I.M. Castro, A.Y. Elghazouli and B.A. Izzuddin, Performance assessment of composite moment-resisting frames. 29th the 14th world conference on earthquake engineering, Beijing, China october 12-17, 2008,
[2]. Liu Jingbo and Liu Yangbing, Seismic behavior analysis of steel-concrete composite frame structure systems, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Beijing, China, October 12-17, 2008,
[3]. Yangbing Liu, Yuanxin Liao & Nina Zheng, Analysis of Strong Column and Weak Beam Behavior of Steel-concrete Mixed Frames, The 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Lisboa,2012
[4]. Liang, Q. Hadi, M. N. (2008). Nonlinear analysis and behavior of concrete-filled steel tubular beam-columns. Structural Engineering and Construction Conference, London, (pp. 777-782),
[5]. Ricardo Herrera, Brian Lewis, James Ricles, Richard Sause, Experimental studies on steel moment resisting frames with concrete filled tube columns under earthquake loading conditions, 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, B.C., Canada, August 1-6, 2004 Paper No. 1591

Abstract: This study contains four models of RC Building of regular, mass irregular, stiffness irregular and soft storey. The peak responses of irregular building models are compared with Peak responses of regular building model. This building model contains ten stories modeled as shear type lumped mass system with single degrees of freedom at each floor level. The governing equation of motion is solved using Numark's method and is solved using coding in MATLAB software. From numerical results it is stated that peak responses of soft storey model gives better control over structural responses under various earthquakes except in some models.

Keywords: Seismic response, Regular building, Irregular building, Peak responses,.

[1] M Stefeno, B. Pintucchi, A review of research on seismic behaviousr of irregular building structures since 2002, Bull Earthquake Engineering journal, 2008, 285-308 (1)
[2] C M Ravikumar, K S Bbunarayan,Sujit B V, Venkat Reddy D, Effect of irregular configuration on seismic volunerablity of RC Buildings, Architecture Research,2(3), 2012, 20-26. (2)
[3] S. Varadharajan, V. K. Sehgal and Babita Saini, Seismic response of multistory reinforced concrete frame with vertical mass and stiffness irregularities, published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/tal). DOI: 10.1002/tal.1045.(3)
[4] Devesh P. Soni* and Bharat B. Mistry, qualitative review of seismic response of vertically Irregular building frames ISET Journal of Earthquake Technology, Technical Note, Vol. 43, No. 4, December 2006, pp. 121-13.(5)
[5] Jaswant N. Arlekar, Sudhir K. Jain and C.V.R. Murty, Seismic Response of RC Frame Buildings with Soft First Storeys, Proceedings of the CBRI Golden Jubilee Conference on Natural Hazards in Urban Habitat, 1997, New Delhi.(4)

Abstract: Most seismic design codes generally provide formulas to be used for the estimation of the base shear and lateral loads. For the determination of the lateral loads, it is required to estimate first the fundamental vibration period of the building theoretically or experimentally. This fundamental period and its length are relevant to earthquake engineering applications on existing buildings, and must be treated very carefully. In various current codes and in the recommendations of many researches, empirical formulas relate the building fundamental period of vibration (T) to the building overall height (H) or the number of stories (N) without consideration of the soil structure interaction (SSI)...........

Keywords: Ambient vibration, fundamental period, infill walls, RC. buildings, soil-structure interaction.

[1] Gallipoli MR, Mucciarelli M, Vona M. (2009)"Empirical estimate of fundamental frequencies and damping for Italian buildings", Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamic Vol. 38, pp. 973–988.
[2] Crowley H, and Pinho R., (2010) "Revisiting Eurocode 8 formulae for periods of vibration and their employment in linear seismic Analysis" Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics; Vol. 39(2), pp.223–235.
[3] Al-Nimry, N., Resheidat, M. and Al-Jamal, M. (2014) "Ambient vibration testing of low and medium rise in-filled RC frame buildings in Jordan" Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Vol.59, pp. 21–29.
[4] Midorikawa, S.(1990) "Ambient vibration test of buildings in Santiago and Viña del Mar", A report on the Chile-Japan joint study project on seismic design of structures, The Japan international cooperation agency.
[5] Negulescu C., Radoi, R., Aldea, A. (2004) "Microtremor measurement for evaluation of building vibration characteristics", Report, National Center for Seismic Risk Reduction, Bucharest.

Abstract: In this present investigation, dry sliding wear behavior of AA 6061 nanocrystalline and AA 6061-2 weight percentages (2 wt. %) of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) nanocomposites prepared by 30 h of mechanical alloying (MA) was investigated. Dry sliding wear behavior of prepared nanocomposites at room temperature was estimated by a pin-on-disc wear testing apparatus. Oil hardened non shrinking (OHNS) steel disc was used as the counter face material. Wear tests were conducted for normal loads of 5, 7 and 10 N at various sliding speed such as 0.6, 0.9, 1.2 m/s with the varying sliding distances (500 m, 1000 m and 1600 m). It was found that..............

Keywords: Friction coefficient; Nanocomposite; Wear behaviour; Worn surface morphology

[1]. R.H.Baughman, A.A.Zakhidov, W.A.De Heer. Carbon nanotubes- the route towards application, Science 29, 2002, 787-92.
[2]. A.M.K.Esawi, M.M.Farag. Carbon nanotubes reinforced composites: Potential and current challenges, Materials & Design 28, 2007, 2394-401.
[3]. S.Iijima. Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon, Nature 354, 1991, 56-58.
[4]. D.Poirier, R.Gauvin, R.A.L.Drew. Structural characterization of a mechanically milled carbon nanotube/ aluminum mixture, Composites Part A 40, 2009, 1482-89.
[5]. Lin Wang, H.Choi, J.M.Myoung, W.Lee. Mechanical alloying of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and aluminum powders for the preparation of carbon/metal composites, Carbon 47, 2009, 3427-3433.

Abstract: This investigation concerned with the use of steel bars as orthogonal reinforcement for reinforced concrete beams known as mesh reinforcement for beam construction. In practice most beams are designed with only tension reinforcement (singly reinforced). However, in certain situations it might be necessary to design beams with both tensile and compression reinforcement (doubly reinforced). For example when beam cross section is limited because of architectural or other considerations, it may happen that the concrete cannot develop the compression force required to resist the given bending moment in some cases if a beam is designed with only tensile reinforcement...........

Keywords:......

[1]. Leonhardt, f.,and Walther ,R.,"Welded Wire Mesh as Stirrup Reinforcement – Shear Tests on T-Beams and AnchorageTests,"Die Bautechnik(Berlin), V.42, Oct.1965 (in German ,English, translation by W.Dilger ).
[2]. CEB-FIP Manual.: Technology and Industrialization of Reinforcement Part two: Reinforcement for reinforced concrete. November 1979.
[3]. Taylor, M.A,.H and EL-Hammasi, S.. "Web Cracking Behavior of Beams Using Welded Wire Fabric as Shear Reinforcement". ACI journal, proceedings V.77,.No 1 , Jan – Feb .1980 , pp.12-17 .
[4]. Mansur .M.A, Lee, C.k, and Lee S.L." Deformed Wire Fabric as Shear Reinforcement in Concrete Beams."ACI Journal, V.84, NO.5, Sept Oct.1987, pp.392-399.
[5]. Pincheira, J.A, Rizkalla, S.Hand Attiogbe, E "Welded Wire Fabric as Shear Reinforcement under Cyclic Loading " Proceedings, 1988 CSCE Annual conference, May, 1988, PP. 643-663

Abstract: TIndia is a country where the main occupation is agriculture. More than 3/5th of India's population is employed in this sector. Sugarcane is the largest crop cultivated in Indian farms. Bullock cart is the one of the two main transportation media used to transport sugarcane from agricultural land to the sugar factories. Bullocks used for this purpose suffer various problems. The main problem related with bullock cart is speed control. It is observed that to control speed of cart, cart riders do dangerous experiments like application of brake manually by directly putting wood in front of wheels, sitting backside of cart, applying tremendous force on bulls etc. Because of such unscientific methods major accident happens which causes major casualties. The purpose of present work is to provide scientific solution to control speed of cart.

Keywords: Bullock cart, Disc Brake, Braking Effort, Bulls Safety.

[1]. A. A. Herbart and A. O. Currie, Axle Carrier Manufacturing and implementing', Borg Warner Australia, Pontiac firebird, 25-29, (2006).
[2]. L. Kapelevich, Y. V. Shekhtman, 'Direct Gear Design: Bending Stress Minimization', Gear Technology, September/October, 44 – 49, (2003).
[3]. J. Plumbe and D. J. Savage, 'Bullock cart haulage in Sri Lanka. Department of the Environment Department of Transport TRRL Laboratory Report LRlOO6. Crowthorne, Transport and Road Research Laboratory. (1981).
[4]. M R Raghavan, D L Prasanna Rao, 'A study on bullock carts', Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, (1979).
[5]. Raghavan, M. R. and H. R. Nagendra, 'Engineering analysis of the two wheeled bullock cart design', C2, Part 4, December, (1979).

Abstract: Concrete Filled Steel Tube (CFST) columns due to several benefits over the conventional composite columns are being more applicable in the constructions. The grade of composite connection between steel tube and concrete is one of the key factors in this structure. There are several experimental researches which were studied the composite action between steel tube and concrete and the different ways to increase the composition action; but few studies were performed numerical analysis for this matter. This study performed and used finite element (FE) to model and analyse a CFST column which was tested experimentally and attempted to verify the results for future evaluation......

Keywords: Concrete Filled Steel Tube (CFST); Column; Finite Element; Mesh; Concrete; Steel; Composite

[1]. Aslani F., Uy B., Tao Z., Mashiri F. 2015. Behaviour and design of composite columns incorporating compact. Journal of
Constructional Steel Research; Elsevier (107). 94-110.
[2]. Bergmann R., Matsui C., Meinsma C., Dutta D. CIDECT design guide for concrete filled hollow section columns under static and
seismic loading. K oln: Verlag TUV Rheinland GmbH; 1995.
[3]. Chung C.H., Lee H.S., Park J.M., Kim Y.H. 2004. A New Perfobond Shear Connector of Composite Action. Journal of The Korean

[4]. Han L.H., Liu W., Yang W.F. 2008. Behaviour of concrete-filled steel tubular stub columns subjected to axiallylocal compression.
Journal of Constructional Steel Research, Elsevier. (64) 377-387.
[5]. LUSAS manual. 2006. Element reference manual. Version 14.3. Licensed of University Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Abstract: Smooth-running of internal combustion engine is possible because of exhaust valve. Role of the exhaust valve is to pass on the exhaust gases to the exhaust manifold from the combustion chamber. During the operation of internal combustion engine, exhaust valves are subjected to the axial stresses due to exhaust gas pressure, cyclic stresses due to return spring load, thermal stresses due to very high temperature inside the combustion chamber and inertia force arising on the account of valve assembly. The result of which maximum stress concentration is at the junction of fillet and valve stem of exhaust valve.

Keywords: Exhaust valve, Fillet, Finite element analysis, Stress concentration, Universal testing machine etc.

[1]. Sagar. S Deshpande et al., Experimental Investigation and Analysis of Engine Valve Designs for Enhanced Fatigue Life, International Engineering Research Journal (IERJ) Volume 1, Issue 2, pp 788-797, 2015.
[2]. B.E.Gajbhiye et al., Vibration Testing and Performance Analysis of IC Exhaust Valve Using Finite Element Technique, at International Journal of Research in Advent Technology, Volume 2, 2014.
[3]. Yuvraj K Lavhale et al. Overview of Failure Trend of Inlet & Exhaust Valve, at International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET), Volume 5, Issue 3, pp 104-113, 2014.
[4]. Kum-Chul et al., A Study of Durability Analysis Methodology for Engine Valve Considering Head, Thermal Deformation and Dynamic Behaviour of R&D Center, Hyundai Motor Company, at 2014 SIMULIA Community Conference.
[5]. Rohit T. Londhe et al., Experimental Analysis of valve and valve Seat Wears, in gases (CNG) Fuelled Engine at IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE), Volume 11, Issue 4, pp 56-62, 2014.

Abstract: It is desired to reduce pavement high surface temperature in summer to mitigate urban heat island (UHI) effect. High surface temperature also induces high possibility of thermal cracks. The prime aim of this study was to reduce concrete pavement surface temperature by using glass beads in concrete mixture. 10%, 20% and 30% proportions of glass beads were used for this purpose. Mechanical properties of samples were examined and the optimum proportion for glass beads was determined. It was detected that highest surface temperature was reduced 10ºC by using glass bead in concrete mixture. This treatment helps to mitigate heat island and reduce thermal cracks.

Keywords: Heat island, concrete pavement, thermal cracks, glass bead

[1]. H. Akbari, and H.D. Matthews, Global cooling updates: reflective roofs and pavements. Energy and Buildings. 55, 2012, 2-6.
[2]. H. Akbari, H.D. Matthews, and S. Donny, The long-term effect of increasing the albedo of urban areas, Environmental Research Letters. 7(2), 2012, 1-10.
[3]. H. Li, Evaluation of cool pavement strategies for heat island mitigation in civil and environmental engineering, doctoral diss., Inst. of Trans. Studies, University of California, Davis, USA, 2012.
[4]. H. Li, J.T. Harvey, T.J. Holland, and M. Kayhanian, M., Corrigendum: The use of reflective and permeable pavements as a potential practice for heat island mitigation and stormwater management, Environmental Research Letters, 8(1), 2013, 1-14. [5]. A. Synnefa, T. Karlessi, N. Gaitani, M. Santamouris, D.N. Assimakopoulos, and C. Papakatsikas, Experimental testing of cool colored thin layer asphalt and estimation of its potential to improve the urban microclimate, Building and Environment, 46(1), 2011, 38-44.

Abstract: It is tried in this study to solve the major failures of island-acting based CMMS systems and high dependency to receiving maintenance operative information in equipment functional calendars through creating a one-way link from PLC monitoring computer with server software of CMMSwith the lowest cost and finally, its effects on defects caused by the mentioned faults would be analyzed.The sample context is Kerman's oil warehouse project. Desk study has been used and the information recorded in CMMS software has been utilized as resources for collecting statistical information to analyze efficiency of the practical activities performed....

Keywords: CMMS, computerized maintenance management system, industrial automation, PLC

[1]. Kris Bagadia, Computerized Maintenance Management Systems Made Easy, 2006
[2]. Simon, A. & Schoeman, P. & Sohal, A. (2010). Prioritised best practices in a ratified consulting services maturity model for ERP consulting. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 23(1), 100 – 124
[3]. Bhatt, G. & Gupta, N. & Kitchens, F.(2010). An exploratory study of groupware use in the knowledge management process. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 18(1), 28 – 46.

Abstract: Nowadays the sea waves are one of the renewable energy resources and various methods have been used for this energy resource utilization so far. In devices are set in deep waters far from the shore, the vertical parameter of wave force is the main source of energy production. Whereas in the shore nearby devices the horizontal parameter has the main role.Bristol cylinder is one of the devices which can use from both parameters effectively.In this study the Bristol cylinder operation against the regular waves is used in energy attraction......

Keywords: regular waves, Bristol cylinder, Energy attractor, fluid volumetric ratio, virtual solvation domain

[1]. Evans.D. E., A theory for wave-power absorption by oscillating bodies, Journal of Fluid Mechanic, 77 (1976) 1–25.
[2]. Heikkinen.H.,Lampinen.M.J., Boling.J., Analytical study of the interaction between waves and cylindrical wave energy converters oscillating in tow modes, Renewable Energy, 50 (2013) 150–160.
[3]. Davis.J. P., Wave energy absorption by the Bristol Cylinder-linear and non-linear effects, Proceeding of the institution of Civil Engineers, part2, 89 (1990) 317–340.
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Abstract: The outer wall of buildings, are known as the most important portion of building, separating the controlled inner environment from the un-controlled outer environment. In addition to the forming element properties of outer crust, the way of element connection to each other is one of the determiningfactor in energy consuming amount.If these considerations didn't respected,the considerable thermal bridges will be created that can reduce the effect of different elements of crust and increase the heat transfer via the outer crust.In this study, the effect of outer wall thermal bridge insulation by the Pro-autoclave concrete has been surveyed. The insulation of this portion can reduce the outer wall heat transfer about the 56.4 %.

Keywords: thermal Bridge, Pro-autoclave concrete

[1]. http://www.irima.ir/home/en/thermal-insulation/thermal-extra/thermal-bridge

[2]. http://daghightarh.ir/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/14-CM19-Exer.pdf

[3]. irandanesh.febpco.com/FileEssay/06-CM19-Basic1.pdf

[4]. Totten, Paul E.; O'Brien, Sean M. "The Effects of Thermal Bridging at Interface Conditions". Building Enclosure Science & Technology. (2008).

[5]. Incorporeal, F.P., and De Witt, D.P., "Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer", John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1990.