iosr-Jm   Volume-19 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan. – Feb. 2023

Abstract : This survey lists some important papers on graph energies, known to the authors, published after pandemic covid-19 , and summarizes their main collective characteristics. In addition to new mathematical results, after the pandemic several noteworthy and somewhat unexpected nonmathematical applications of graph energies have been proposed. The general conclusion of our analysis is that research on graph energies is active as far as further research is concerned.also use of graph theory specially energy of the different graphs used widely in different branches of sciences ,it shows the growth in research....

Key Word:Pandemic ,Covid-19 , Graph energies , ABC Energy,Laplacian energy

[1] Yalçın, F. A. Skew ABC energy of digraphs.
[2] Ramane, H. S., Parvathalu, B., Ashoka, K., & Pirzada, S. (2022). On families of graphs which are both adjacency equienergetic and distance equienergetic. Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 1-12.
[3] Wan, H., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhao, X., Ying, S., & Gao, Y. (2022). Structure Evolution on Manifold for Graph Learning. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.
[4] Deng, B., Chang, C., & Das, K. C. (2023). The Sachs theorem and its application on extended adjacency matrix of graphs. Journal of Combinatorial Optimization, 45(1), 1-12.

Abstract : This review article focuses on the use of Vedic Mathematics sutras to create high-speed floating point multipliers. Numerous Vedic multiplication methods, including Urdhva Tiryagbhyam, Nikhilam, and Anurupye, have been thoroughly studied for arithmetic multiplications. The Urdhva Tiryagbhyam Sutra has been discovered to be the most effective Sutra (algorithm), delivering the least amount of delay for multiplying all kinds of numbers. The Mantissa is multiplied using the Urdhva-triyakbhyam sutra. Cases involving underflow and overflow are handled. With the Urdhva Tiryakbhyam sutra, many Vedic multipliers with great speed have been presented. Compressor-based Vedic multipliers outperform conventional ones in terms of speed and area efficiency, according to observations.

Key Word: Vedic Mathematics, Urdhva-triyakbhyam, Floating Point Number

[1]. Leonard Gibson Moses S and Thilagar M, "VLSI Implementation of High Speed DSP algorithms using Vedic Mathematics"
[2]. M.E.Paramasivam,Dr.R.S.Sabeenian, "An Efficient Bit Reduction Binary Multiplication Algorithm using Vedic Methods"
[3]. K.N. Vijeyakumar , S. Kalaiselvi and K. Saranya, "VLSI Implementation of High Speed Area Efficient Arithmetic Unit using Vedic Mathematics"
[4]. Yogita Bansal, Charu Madhu, and Pardeep Kaur, "High Speed Vedic Multiplier Design"
[5]. Ravi Kishore Kodali, Lakshmi Boppana and Sai Sourabh Yenamachintala, "FPGA Implementation of Vedic Floating Point Multiplier"
[6]. Aniruddha Kanhe, Shishir Kumar Das, and Ankit Kumar Singh, "Design and Implementation of Floating Point Multiplier based on Vedic Multiplication Technique

Abstract : Mathematical prototype to fight malaria by interrupting the life cycle of the Anopheles mosquito through the use of biological enemies in the larval, pupal and adult stages has been derived to eradicate larvae, pupae and adult Anopheles mosquitoes using natural predators. The new model is a control flowchart of the predator-prey interaction model in the mosquito life cycle, considering an open population of mosquitoes and predators. These models provide a solid understanding of malaria control in our environment, especially when models are based on vector population ecology and a solid understanding of transmission-relevant parameters and variables Model equations were derived using parameters and variables from the model Stability analysis of free equilibrium states was analyzed simultaneously using equilibrium point, Maple software, elimination and substitution methods........

Key Word: Mathematical prototype; Biological enemies; Anopheles; Control; Malaria

[1]. Adigun, A. B., Gajere, E. N., Oresanya, O., & Vounatsou, P. (2015). Malaria risk in Nigeria: Bayesian geostatistical modelling of 2010 malaria indicator survey data. Malaria Journal, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-015-0683-6
[2]. Antonio-nkondjio, C., Kerah, C. H., Simard, F., Awono-ambene, P., Chouaibou, M., Tchuinkam, T., & Fontenille, D. (2006). Complexity of the Malaria Vectorial System in Cameroon: Contribution of Secondary Vectors to Malaria Transmission. Journal of Medical Entomology, 43(6), 1215–1221. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/43.6.1215
[3]. Atta, H., & Reeder, J. (2014). World Malaria Day 2014: invest in the future. Defeat malaria. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 20(04), 219–220. https://doi.org/10.26719/2014.20.4.219
[4]. Bernard, K. A., Pacheco, A. L., Burdz, T., Wiebe, D., & Bernier, A.-M. (2020). Corynebacterium godavarianum Jani et al. 2018 and Corynebacterium hadale Wei et al. 2018 are both later heterotypic synonyms of Corynebacterium gottingense Atasayar et al. 2017, proposal of an emended description of Corynebacterium gottingense Atasayar et al. 2017. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 70(5), 3534–3540. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004153
[5]. CDC Weekly, C. (2020). The 13th World Malaria Day — April 25, 2020. China CDC Weekly, 2(17), 277–277. https://doi.org/10.46234/ccdcw2020.071