iosr-JPBS   Volume-16 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan.-Feb. 2021

Abstract: With antibiotic-resistant infections on the rise, herbal remedies present a naturally effective alternative to standard antibiotics. Medicinal plants have played a very important role in the rejuvenation of worse situation created by the infection of microorganisms. In addition, many new structures of Antibiotic agents are developed using medicinal plants as the resource. Plants are oldest source of pharmacologically active compounds. In the field of Ethnopharmacology, the search for new anti-infection agents has occupied many research groups in the past few decades. According to estimation more than two thirds of the world's population relays on plant derived drugs. There are no of plant products like garlic, Aloe Vera, Croton Latex, Eucalyptus Essential Oil, Grapefruit seed extract (GSE), Usnea and etc., used as a natural antibiotics in the treatment of burns, respiratory tract infections, stimulates immune system, lowers blood pressure, severe diarrhea and etc......

Keywords: Antibiotics, Herbal Medicine, Medicinal Plants

Abstract: This study was carried out to screen for phytochemical composition and compare the antibacterial activity of Kigelia africana and Tamarindus indica on E. coli, S. aureus and P. mirabilis. The plant materials of Kigelia africana stem bark and leaves were obtained from yankari Game reserve, Bauchi state, Nigeria. The plant materials of Tamarindus indica stem bark and leaves were obtained from Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Kaduna State. One hundred (100g) of the plant powder each, was extracted with methanol and chloroform by Soxhlet extraction method. All the extracts were subjected to standard phytochemical screening for the presence or absence of various secondary metabolites. The susceptibility test of the plant extracts on E. coli,S. aureus and P. mirabilis were done using agar well diffusion method......

Keyword: Phytochemicals, Antibacterial, Kigelia africana, Tamarindus indica

Abstract: Bloodstream infection is a health problem that causes morbidity and mortality worldwide, more thought is the problem of antimicrobial resistance so that the choice of therapy becomes difficult and limited. This study aims to determine the bacterial profile and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern that can be used as a basis for choice effective antimicrobial therapy in the treatment of bloodstream infections. A retrospective study was conducted from January to August 2019 with a total of 300 patients with suspected blood infections in USU Hospital Medan, Indonesia. Blood samples in the Microbiology Laboratory using the BacT/ALERT, identification and antimicrobial sensitivity......

Keyword: Bloodstream infection, Antimicrobial Pattern, MDROs

Abstract: Using of biological immune enhancer with natural antiviral properties rich in multivitamins, anti-toxin, anti-oxidants and smart natural anti-inflammatory in Covid-19 positive patients inhibit virus replication and enhancing patient's recovery with 100%cure rate within 7 to 10 days .with therapeutic dose 75gm per day for two weeks. Also using 25gm once daily prophylactic dose will ensure maximum protection against risk of cross infection for medical staff and health care member's front line contact with patients......

Abstract: Objective: Present study focused on development of herbal capsules using Alocasia fornicate pure compounds and evaluate the Anti-diarrheal effect of Alocasia fornicata formulation using castor oil induced diarrhea in rats.
Material and Method: Isolate the pure compounds from Alocasia fornicata whole plant using column chromatography. Pure compounds were used for herbal capsule formulation and performed quality control tests. Developed formulation was used to evaluate Anti-diarrheal effect castor oil induced diarrhea in rats. Results: β–Sitosterol derivative were isolated from Alocasia fornicata whole plant and confirmed by analytical data. Developed herbal capsule.....

Keywords: Alocasia fornicate, Castor oil, Diarrhea, Peristaltic activity, Drug content etc

Abstract: Malaria and typhoid (enteric) fevers are the most serious and devastating diseases in Nigeria and probably in the whole world by extension. Nigeria is said to be among the most countries in the world with larger number of malaria and typhoid related cases yearly. This study evaluated the efficacy of Carica papaya, Azadirachta indica and Psidium guajava leaves extracts as a Combined Alternative Therapy for the Phyto-therapy of enteric fever (Typhoid) and Malaria Fever (Plasmodiasis) among some selected Communities in Northern Nigeria. The research therefore centered on evaluating Vis-à-vis the Folkloric Claims made on these plants, thereby unveiling the effect phytochemical constituents responsible for its medicinal value. The effects of all the leave extracts were determined by recording their zones of inhibitions against organisms under investigation.

Key Words: Efficacy, therapy, Phyto-therapy, Phytochemical, enteric, extracts, Plasmodiasis, qualitative, bioactive, antimicrobial

Abstract: A new analytical method for the quantitative determination of Fluphenazine hydrochloride in dosage form by indirect polarography of its sulfoxide form produced using potassium hydrogenperoxomonosulfate as an oxidant was developed. Calibration curve was linear in the concentration range of 0.1 to 2 μg.mL-1 and was approximated as I(nA) =(2.57±0.02)·104C (mg.mL-1)+(1.38±0.27) ); r=0.999). Using calibration curve a limit of detection (LOD) and a limit of quantification (LOQ) were estimated to be 0.03 μg.mL-1 and 0.1 μg.mL-1, respectively. The levels of precision and accuracy for the measurement method were confirmed by calculation of the relative standard deviation (%RSD) and percentage recoveries (%R) using five replicate measurements of a drug sample; RSD for tablets Fluphenazine (HCl) - 5mg was 1.74-1.76%. The trueness/accuracy of the measurement method was investigated by comparing the accepted reference value (μ) with the level of the results given by the measurement method ( -μ)100% / μ < RSD. Analytical recovery values were 100,2-101.2 %. The method is simple, sensitive and does not require expensive and relatively toxic solvents required for HPLC procedures.

Key Word: Analytical Method; Assay; Derivitization; Fluphenazine; Polarography

Abstract: Introduction:Melasma is a facial hyperpigmentation that is common in women and areas frequently exposed sunlight that chronic and recurrent. Kligman formula therapy is still the effectivetreatment but has several side effects especially for long-term use. The combination of tranexamic acid therapy, nicotinamide and microneedling is an alternative therapy for melasma that safe and effective for the long term.
Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the combination 3% tranexamic acid, 3% nicotinamide, and microneedling versus Kligman's formula in reducing melanin index.
Materials and Methods:This experimental pre and post control group design was conducted in 28 melasma patients, group A received a topical cream combination.....

Keywords : microneedling, melasma, nicotinamide, tranexamic Acid

Abstract: Background: Ethno-medicine is an offshoot of ethnobotany wherein traditional medicines are used by various ethnic groups. Ethno-medicine is a direct and simple approach that leads to the development of new medicines. This branch of science covers a healthcare system that includes treatments, beliefs and practices related to human diseases and health. Large number of medicinal plants are used in traditional system of medicines for the treatment of skin diseases. The objective of present study was to enumerate the plant species traditionally used for the treatment of skin diseases in Shivaliks of Kathua district. Materials and Methods: During the current study, 05 villages of upper.......

Key words: Ethnobotany; Ethnic; Traditional medicine; Questionnaire; Skin ailments.

Abstract: Introduction: A surgical site infection (SSI) is an infection that occurs after surgery in the wound created by an invasive surgical procedure andin the part of the body where the surgery took place. This can sometimes be superficial infection involving only the skin, but at times it can be more serious and can involve organs and implant material. SSIs are the third most important cause of Hospital-acquired infections & they account for a quarter of all nosocomial infections. These infections are mainly associated with considerable morbidity.It has been reported that over one-third of postoperative deaths are related to it......

Key Words: surgical site infections, elective surgery, anemia, Diabetes, obesity

Abstract: Visual pollution is a stylish issue and alludes to the effects of pollution that debilitate one's capacity to appreciate a vista or view. Visual pollution upsets the visual regions of individuals by establishing destructive changes in the regular habitat. open stockpiling of refuse, reception apparatuses, electric wires, buildings, and vehicles are frequently viewed as visual pollution. A congestion of a region causes visual pollution. Visual pollution is characterized as the entire of unpredictable arrangements, which are generally found in nature. Impacts of openness....

Key Words: Visual pollution, Billboards