iosr-Jm   Volume-14 ~ Issue-6 ~ Nov-Dec 2018

Abstract: In order to solve certain problems in calculating probabilities, such as Markov chains or conditional specification of discrete distributions, the use of matrix and vector treatment of conditioned probabilities and of vectors of marginal probabilities is common. Following these ideas, the present study obtains matrix forms of some elementary results of probability theory, such as the total probability and Bayes theorems. These results and methodology are applied to the matrix study of results of diagnostic tests, allowing an immediate generalization to tests with more than two results. In addition,we propose safety and validity measures of a test based on matrix rules, which in some cases are related to the well-known Youden index.

Key Word: Conditioned Probabilities, BayesTheorem, Matrix, Diagnostic Tests

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Abstract: This study aims to determine the ability of students in the ability literacy and interpret the graphs and data from an environmental event in everyday life. The study was conducted in state junior high school 1 of Braja Selebah. The number of students who become the sample of research is 25 people who are sitting in Class 8, the class 8A. The research instrument uses Test of Graphing in Science (TOGS). In reading and interpreting the graphs and data the students have average percentages below 50% for correct answers and the Minimum Criteria Completion (KKM) in Class 8A is 3.5% complete, and 96.5% remedial. From the results of TOGS diagnostic test tests that students can not read the chart well and found that students have difficulty in interpreting graphs and data. This problem is caused by the lack of students' knowledge, explanation and practical activities of the teacher regarding the presentation of graphs and data.

Keywords: literacy, interpretation, data, graphics, TOGS.

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Abstract: The purpose of this study is to modeling the growth of the tumor volume in the rats. Using the SAEM algorithm in R and non-linear mixed model for a longitudinal data to predict future tumor volume in the rats.

Keywords: Nonlinear mixed effects model; Breast cancer; SAEM algorithm; Longitudinal Data.

[1]. E. Comets, A. Lavenu , M. Lavielle (2017). Parameter Estimation in Nonlinear Mixed Effect Models Using saemix, an R Implementation of the SAEM Algorithm. Journal of Statistical Software. doi:10.18637/jss.v080.i03.
[2]. E. Comets, A. Lavenu , M. Lavielle (2017). saemix: Stochastic Approximation Expectation Maximization (SAEM) Algorithm. R package version 2.1, URL https://CRAN.R-project. org/package=saemix.
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Abstract: If after 374 years the famous theorem of Fermat-Wiles was demonstrated in 110 pages by A. Wiles [4], the puspose of this article is to give a simple demonstration and deduce a proof of the Beal conjecture. Résumé : Si après 374 ans le célèbre théorème de Fermat-Wiles a été démontré en 110 pages par A. Wiles [4], le but de cet article est de donner une simple démonstration et d'en déduire une preuve de la conjecture de Beal.

Keywords: Fermat, Fermat-Wiles theorem, Fermat's great theorem.

[1]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beal conjecture .
[2]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermat last theorem.
[3]. M. Mghiar , la preuve de la conjecture abc, iosr journal of mathematics (iosr-jm), e-issn: 2278-5728, p-issn: 2319-765x. volume 14,
issue 4 ver. i (jul - aug 2018), pp 22-26.
[4]. Andrew Wiles, Modular elliptic curves and Fermat's last Theorem, Annal of mathematics, volume 10,142, pages 443-551, septemberdecember,
1995...