iosr-JPBS   Volume-13 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan-Feb 2018

Abstract: Phylloplane, Gemmiplane and Carpoplane mycoflora of Capsicum annuum was carried out from July 2014 Jan 2015 and pre and post harvest diseases of this fruit was recorded Aspergillus niger, Colletotrichum capsici, Curvularia lunata, Alternaria alternata and Fuarium oxysporum were isolated in pre harvest condition out of which Colletotrichum capsici, Alternaria alternata and Fusarium oxysporum, Curvularia lunata , Dhashlera rostrata and Cladosporium cladosporoides were isolated in post harvest condition.Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, Colletotrichum capsici were recorded in both condition. Pathogen of phylloplane mycoflora found to be inoculum for stored condition, abundance, density and frequency of pathogen in different phages........

Keywords: Phylloplane, Gemmiplane,Carpoplane,Mycoflora,Capsicum annum

Abstract: Background: Poly cystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is still considered as the most controversial disease that affected females at reproductive age. It represents about (5-10%) of females worldwide. Cell free DNA (cf- DNA) is found normally in blood as a result of apoptosis. Lately it is found to be present in follicular fluid as a result of apoptosis of follicular cell. Studies has been conducted to explore the ability to use it as an indicator of the quality of oocyte and embryo in the in vitro fertilization procedures (IVF) to have a better and higher success rate, since IVF is considered as an expensive procedure and it is the last hope for families to have children ..........

Keywords: cf-DNA, embryo quality, estradiol ,PCOS ,IVF

Abstract: The study presents different methods for analysis of Astaxanthin isolated from the shrimp species Aristeus alcocki. The HPLC method is accomplished by using a C 18 column and the mobile phase in the acetone : hexane in the ratio 9: 21v/v. . Astaxanthin is quantified by the detection at 470nm. The chromatogram showed three peaks, Astaxanthin as well as its monoesters and di esters. Further enzymatic hydrolysis was done to remove the esters. FTIR spectral bands in the range 4000 to 450 cm. The H1 NMR chemical shifts obtained at 1.3ppm and 2.3ppmwere due to the presence of CH3 groups. The chemical shifts at 1.4 ppm, 1.6ppm, 2ppm, 2.5ppm and 2.6ppm were due to the presence of CH2 groups. The chemical shift at 4ppm was due to the presence of CH-CH2 groups and the chemical shift at 6.5ppm indicates the presence of aromatic CH. C13 NMR was also done to determine the C Skeleton of Astaxanthin. The peak obtained at 15 showed the presence of CH3. Another peak was obtained at 24 was for CH2. An aromatic ring presence was also confirmed by the peak seen at 150.

Keywords: Astaxanthin, extraction, isolation, characterisation

Abstract: Schiff bases (Sh1-Sh3) have been synthesized (p-aminophenol) was condensed with different aromatic aldehyde in ethanol inthe presence of glacial acetic acid as catalyst. These Schiff bases on treatment with monochloroacetyl choride gave 3-chloro-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(substituted)azetidin-2-one(Az4-Az6), with α-mercaptoacetic acid gave 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-( substituted)thiazolidin-4-one (Th7-Th9) and with anthranilic acid gave 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2(substituted)-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one (Qu10-Qu12). The purity of the derivatives was confirmed by TLC. The some compoundsidentify by (FT-IR and1H, 13C-NMR) data. Some of derivatives were evaluated activity against several microbesto determine ability to inhibit bacterial in some heterocyclic structures.

Keywords: Schiff base, heterocyclic, azetidine-2-one, thiazolidine-4-one, quinazoline-4-one.

Abstract: Hepatic disorders can develop by many causative agents like Reactive oxygen species (ROS). Various antioxidants have been ensured to protect against hepatic damage. The aim of this study is to ensure Agariusbiporus protective effects in experimental mice of liver injury.Forty adult female albino mice were divided to five groups (Ten mice for eachgroup), the first group give normal saline as a control, the second one treated with2ml/kg body weight of peroxide(H2O2) with drinking water,the third one treated with water aqueous extract (25) mg/ml ofA. bisporusorallywith H2O2 in drinking water and finally the fourth one treated withaqueous extract (25) mg/ml of A.bisporusorally by use of intragastric tube. Results for apoptosis testshows peroxide treated group induce apoptosis while aqueous extract of A. bisporustreated group with peroxide induce non-apoptotic. Histopathological..........

Keywords: Agaricusbisporus, Liver, Peroxide, and Mice.

Abstract: Elevated serum cholesterol levels leading to atherosclerosis can cause coronary heart disease (CHD).Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for the development of coronary heart disease and is the most common cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide.Currently available synthetic drugof hyperlipidemia are associated with a number of side effects.In recent times, a large volume of work aimed at the efficacy of herbal products, as they are safe and effective alternatives to synthetic drugs.The hypolipidemic activity of Aegle marmelos leaves extract was studied on high fat diet induced hyperlipidemic models of wistar rats at a dose of 125 and 250mg/kg.Hyperlipidemia in experimental rats is evidenced by with ethanolic elevated serum cholesterol,TG,LDL and decreased HDLlevels.Treatment extract significantally decreased serum cholesterol,triglycerides,low density lipoprotein and significantally increased the high density lipoprotein in hyperlipidemic rats.The findings of the study reveals that ethanolic extract of Aegle marmelos leaves can effectively control the blood serum lipid profile.

Keywords: Aegle marmelos,atherosclerosis,coronary heart disease, Hyperlipidemia,triglycerides

Abstract: Ophthalmology b département ibn sina hospital centre, rabat, morocco La mélanose oculaire congénitale est caractérise par la présence de mélanocytes dendritique dans la conjonctive (mélanose épithéliale) et sous la conjonctive (sous épithéliale) au niveau de l'épisclère; sclére et uvée. Lorsque la mélanose qui est le plus souvent unilatérale est associée a une pigmentation des paupières, le terme Naevus d'OTA est utilisé (ou Naevusfusco-caeruleus ophtalmo maxillaris..........

Abstract: ßeta-galactosidaseenzyme is greatly dispersed in plant tissues and it's known to be implicated in hydrolyzing terminal non reducingß.D.Galactosyl residues from polysaccharides . This study involved the selection of the best extraction of the enzyme among seven methods.The phosphate buffer (pH7) had given a highest activity of crude enzyme was 8.85 U. The aqueous crude of almond seeds was used to detect of some compounds by phytochemical screening tests and using Thin layer chromatography(TLC). The protein content was concentrated and precipitated by ammonium sulphate (0-40)% as apartial purification. The purification stages of crude enzyme were achieved by using gel filtrationchromatography (sephadex-75) at a yield of (136.4)% with activity was 4.4 u/ml . followed..........

Key words: Almond seed ,ß.Galactosidase ,Purification methods

Abstract: Trévo, a food supplement has been claimed to have varying applications in the health and nutritional products. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of Trévo to protect against oxidative stress in vivo using animal models. Study design and Methods: The study was carried out on 36 male Wistar rats which were randomly divided into six groups: Group 1 (Control) received normal feed and water only, Group 2 and 3 (Treatments) received Trévo at the dose of 0.9 ml /kg twice daily – Group 2 for 7 days, Group 3 for 14 days. Group 4 (Test) received 500 mg/kg acetaminophen daily for 10 days to achieve uremia. Group 5 (Test + Treatment) received acetaminophen and from 11th day receives Trévo supplement twice daily for 7 days. Group 6 (Test + Treatment) received acetaminophen and from 11th day received..........

Key words: Trevo, Oxidative stress, Micronutrients, Phytochemical, Wistar rat.

Abstract: Plectranthus vettiveroides (K. C. Jacob) N. P. Singh & B. D. Sharma has been used for the preparation of several Ayurvedic medicines as single or as an ingredients but its availability is scanty. The plant is endemic to south India and extinct in the wild and its cultivation requires special agroclimatic conditions. Application of biotechnological intervention is the best option to large scale production of raw material, its conservation as well as genetic improvement. To achieve this goal in vitro multiplication of this crop was tried and found that systemic fungal contamination was a major obstacle. The fungal species invaded on the explant tissues was isolated and its pure cultures established on Potato Dextrose Agar medium. The mycelial and conidial characters were analysed and identified the species as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The identity was further confirmed through molecular characterization and standardized remedy to overcome from this fungal attack in in vitro cultures of P. vettiveroides.

Keywords: Fungi, Plectranthus vettiveroides, DNA, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

Abstract: Background : The dermatophytesare taxonomically related fungi causing different skin infections referred to as tineas in man or ringworm in man and animals . Objective:This study was established to investigate theof effect of yellow sap and gel of Aloe vera on skin of the rabbits which infected with T.verrucosum. Methods : Twelveskin biopsy were taken from rabbits for histopathological study to know the the effects of the T.verrucosumand treated with yellow sap and gel. Results : the results of histopathological study of effect of yellow sap and gel of Aloe vera on skin of the rabbits which infected with T.verrucosum showed the concentration of the gel of aloe vera at 75% was more effected to treat the infective area of skin with T.verrucosum compared with the skin which treated with yellow sap at 20% inspite of was gave recovery the infective skin by T.verrucosum after 18 days.
Conclusion This study concludes that Aloe vera may be used as antifungal...........

Abstract: Background: Pertussis"whooping cough"constitutes a very serious health problem particularly among children in developing countries like Iraq.It is the main cause of whooping cough like Syndrome which is caused bythe gram negative pleomorphic bacillus "Bordetella Pertussis" bacteria. *Objectives: The aims of this study are to understand the immune profile and identify vaccination as the triggering factor. Moreover, this study aims to throw light on an important health problem which is very infectiousdisease among children in Iraq. *Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at Al-Semawa teaching hospital for maternity and childhood in south of Iraq, during the period of 1st of Feb. 2016 to 29th of June 2017. Eighty-eight patients aged between early infancy to15 years,46 of them were boys (52.3%) and 42 were girls (47.7%). I depended on clinical history of cough for at least 2 weeks and the total leukocytes count (TLC) anddifferential count in addition to immunization schedule in Al-Muthannagovernorate.All children with doubtful pictures were excluded...........

Key words: Clinical history, total leukocytes count (TLC) and differential count, chest x-ray ( CXR) and immunization schedule.

Abstract: The study aimed to investigate the effect of oral administration of hot aqueous extract of beetle cocoon Larinus maculatus Faldermann, in a two doses 50 and100mg/Kg/B.wt for 3 and 6 weeks respectively on the levels of serum glucose, weight of body, and lipid profile in male mice Mus musculus. The results revealed that there was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in serum glucose level was dose and period dependent. Weight of body also reduced significantly (p<0.05) with doses and period dependent. The lipid profile level significantly (p<0.05) decreased in dose and period's manner in each of Total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), High Density Lipoprotein- (HDL), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), and Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL). Results showed that the hot aqueous..........

Key words cocoon, extract, glucose, lipid profile, mice

Abstract: Fifty gingiva swab samples were collected from males, 25 smokers and 25non-smokers. The samples were collected and analyzed at Baghdad University .Ggram positive bacteria belong into two genus;Streptococcusand Staphylococcus(aureus and epidermidis) were isolated, while E. coli andKlebsiella represent the isolated Gram negative genus.Streptococcus appears in 44% and 64% of non-smoker and smoker sample,respectively. Staphylococcus aureus appear in higher frequency in smoker(24%) than non-smoker (4%) in contrast, Staphylococcus epidermidis compromise 36% of non smoker samples and 0% in smoker samples, in general gram negative bacteria appear in lower proportion in both smoker and non-smoker samples, no gram negative bacteria appear in smoker........

Key words Smoker, non-Smoker, Gingival, 16S rRNA

Abstract: The prophylactic, suppressive and curative anti-plasmodial potentials of methanol root bark extract of Napoleona imperialis in Plasmodium berghei berghei infected male albino mice were investigated. Sixty-five (65) albino mice weighing between 15 – 22g were used for the study. They were divided into 13 groups with 5 mice in each group. Group 1 served as control and was parasitized but not treated. Groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 served as prophylactic model and were treated daily with 200, 400, 600 mg/kg of N. imperialis root extract and 1.2mg/kg of pyrimethamine respectively for 3 days followed with the parasite being inoculated in day 4. Groups 6, 7, 8 and 9 served as suppressive model and were inoculated with the parasite with simultaneous daily treatment with 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg of N. imperialis root extract and 5 mg/kg of chloroquin respectively for 3 days. Groups 10, 11,......

Key words Napoleona imperialis, Plasmodium berghei berghei, Malaria, Antiplasmodial Activity

Abstract: Filariasis is an infectious disease caused by filarial worm infection, which lives in the ducts, lymph nodes, and causes clinical symptoms, and will develop into chronic, at an advanced stage can cause permanent physical disability and have major socioeconomic impacts, especially the population with social low economies living in developing countries in the tropics and subtropics. This research uses exploration method and sampling is done by purposive. Based on the results of identification, mosquitoes contained larvae in the body is Culex quinquefasciatus..

Key words mosquito, vector, filariasis, culex, species

Abstract: Aromatic volatile oils are considered important materials as a natural preservative. It has a dampening effect of the growth of many microbes as well as have the perverse effect of some types of pathogenic bacteria to humans. This study was conducted on 4 types of these essential oils extracted from the region of Jizan in Saudi Arabia, a grain of oil Baraka and clove oil and cinnamon oil and mustard oil. The aim was to study the effect of these oils on the beneficial bacteria (initially yogurt), Lactobacillus bulgaricuuocs and Streptococcus thermophilus. The results showed that Nigella sativa oil and cinnamon had their inhibitory effect, followed by mustard oil was the effect on these bacteria using the same concentrations of these oils, clove oil is less of these oils. Also studied the effect of these volatile aromatic..........

Key words Aromatic volatile oils, beneficial bacteria, pathogenic bacteria