iosr-JMCE   Volume-23 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep. – Oct. 2026

Abstract: Geotechnical subgrade preparation for high-consequence structures, such as nuclear power plants (NPPs) and Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), represents one of the most demanding disciplines in civil engineering due to the extreme structural loads and safety margins involved. This state-of-the-art review paper bridges two traditionally distinct domains: micro-scale material chemistry of sustainable soil stabilizers (Pillar I) and macro-scale structural Soil-Structure-Foundation Interaction (SSFI) under dynamic seismic excitation (Pillar II). Deep Soil Mixing (DSM) is evaluated as the critical, multiscale physical-chemical interface connecting these disciplines....

Keywords: Sustainable Soil Stabilization; Deep Soil Mixing; Soil-Structure-Foundation Interaction; Alkali-Activated Geopolymers; Nuclear Geotechnical Safety

[1]. Cacciari, M. (2022). The Threshold: Limen and Limes in European Geopolitics and Identity. Philosophical Inquiries, 10(2), 45-62.
[2]. Yaghfoori, A., Mahmoudzadeh Kani, I., & Yousefi, H. (2025). Impact of Geotechnical and Seismic Uncertainties on the Seismic Performance of DSM-improved Nuclear Reactor Foundations considering Soil-Structure Interaction. European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 29(13), 1-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2025.2300493
[3]. Katona, T. J. (2015). Evaluation of Soil Liquefaction as a Beyond Design Basis Event for the Paks Nuclear Power Plant, Hungary. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 283, 114-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2014.12.015
[4]. Sextos, A. G., Manolis, G. D., Athanasiou, A., & Ioannidis, N. (2017). Seismically Induced Uplift Effects on Nuclear Power Plants. Part 1: Containment Building Rocking Spectra. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 318, 276-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2016.12.035
[5]. Inyang, H. I., Olgun, C. G., & Mitchell, J. K. (2007). Physicochemical Soil Stabilization: From Materials Chemistry to Molecular Geotechnics. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 133(4), 482-498.

Abstract: Storage tanks are critical components in industrial facilities because their failure can interrupt operations and generate safety and environmental consequences. This study presents a parametric assessment of the structural response of a fixed-roof cylindrical storage tank subjected to internal pressure. A three-dimensional model based on the available.....

Keywords: storage tank; finite element analysis; internal pressure; stress concentration; deformation; factor of safety; SolidWorks

[1] American Petroleum Institute. API Standard 650: Welded Tanks for Oil Storage. 14th ed. Washington, DC: API; 2025.
[2] DIN Media. API STD 650:2025-08, Welded Tanks for Oil Storage. Berlin: DIN Media; 2025.
[3] Mashiyane T, Tartibu L, Salifu S. Finite element analysis of the stress and buckling behaviour of cylindrical oil tank under internal pressure. Cogent Engineering. 2024;11(1):2402570. doi:10.1080/23311916.2024.2402570.
[4] Kumaravel P, Annamalai S. Deformation and stress analysis of a fuel tank under static loading condition. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2021;39(1):378–387. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.07.604.
[5] Abo-Elkhier M, Muhammad K. Failure analysis of an exploded large-capacity liquid storage tank using finite element analysis. Engineering Failure Analysis. 2020;104401. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.104401

Abstract: Premixed combustion has attracted considerable attention due to its high thermal efficiency, stable combustion characteristics, and potential for reducing pollutant emissions. The present study experimentally investigates the effect of equivalence ratio on confined premixed LPG–air flames stabilized by a bluff-body flame holder. Experiments are conducted over an equivalence ratio of 0.8–1.2 while maintaining a constant blockage ratio, confinement ratio,.....

Keywords: Premixed combustion; LPG; Bluff-body stabilization; Equivalence ratio; Flame characteristics.

[1]. Kapustenko, P., Ocłoń, P., Picón-Núñez, M., Wang, B., & Varbanov, P. S. (2023). Integration and intensification of thermal processes to increase energy efficiency and mitigate environmental pollution for sustainable development of industry–PRES’22. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress, 45, 102148.
[2]. Gad, H. M., Baraya, E. A., Farag, T. M., & Ibrahim, I. A. (2020). Effects of Flow Parameters on Spray Characteristics of a Modified Pressure Swirl Atomizer. IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE), 17, 32-40.
[3]. Abifarin, J. K., Oparanti, S. O., Abifarin, F. B., & Obebe, E. O. (2025). Inhibitor additives to mitigate fossil fuel emissions and its potential role in promoting the energy transition in global cities. Energy, Ecology and Environment, 10(4), 411-436.
[4]. Saleh, H. M., & Hassan, A. I. (2024). The challenges of sustainable energy transition: A focus on renewable energy. Applied Chemical Engineering, 7(2), 2084.
[5]. Elkelawy, M., Draz, A. M., Antar, A. M., & Seleem, H. E. (2025). Enhancing diesel generator efficiency and emissions with CNG and green hydrogen: a sustainable solution for power plants. Pharos Engineering Science Journal, 2(1), 47-57

Abstract: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have gained significant attention in aerospace, industrial, agricultural, surveillance, and defence applications due to their capability to perform complex operations with reduced cost and improved safety. The structural frame of a UAV plays a critical role in determining its strength, stiffness, weight efficiency, and operational reliability. This research presents the design and structural performance evaluation of.....

Keywords: UAV, Lightweight structure, CFRP, CAD, CAE

[1] D. Floreano and R. J. Wood, “Science, technology and the future of small autonomous drones,” Nature, vol. 521, pp. 460–466, 2015.
[2] M. Hassanalian and A. Abdelkefi, “Classifications, applications, and design challenges of unmanned aerial vehicles: A review,” Progress in Aerospace Sciences, vol. 91, pp. 99–131, 2017.
[3] C. F. Liew, D. DeLatte, N. Takeishi, and T. Yairi, “Recent developments in aerial robotics: A survey and prototypes overview,” arXiv preprint arXiv:1711.10085, 2017.
[4] R. Jha, Theory, Design, and Applications of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC Press, 2016.
[5] P. A. Ioannou, M. R. Dias, and S. Almeida, “Design considerations for lightweight UAV structures,” Aerospace Science and Technology, vol. 95, pp. 105–116, 2019

Abstract: This study presents the parametric optimization of a sustainable quinary blend Ultra-High Performance Concrete incorporating Cement, Alccofine-1203, Fly Ash, Micro-Silica, and Ultrafine Fly Ash utilizing the Taguchi 𝐿{25} design method. Optimization based on the 'Larger- the-Better' S/N ratio was used to identify the ideal mix proportions....

Keywords: Ultra High Performance Concrete, Taguchi Method, Compressive Strength, UHPC, ANOVA, S/N Ratio

[1]. Richard, P., & Cheyrezy, M. (1995). Composition of reactive powder concretes. Cement and Concrete Research, 25(7), 1501–1511. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(95)00144-1
[2]. Wille, K., El-Tawil, S., & Naaman, A. E. (2014). Properties of strain hardening ultra high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHP-FRC) under direct tensile loading. Cement and Concrete Composites, 48, 53–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2013.12.015
[3]. Lachance, F., Charron, J.-P., & Massicotte, B. (2016). Development of precast bridge slabs in high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete and ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete. ACI Structural Journal, 113(5), 929–939. https://doi.org/10.14359/51689020
[4]. Wu, Z., Shi, C., He, W., & Wang, D. (2017). Static and dynamic compressive properties of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) with hybrid steel fiber reinforcements. Cement and Concrete Composites, 79, 148–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2017.02.010
[5]. Graybeal, B. A. (2006). Material property characterization of ultra-high performance concrete (Publication No. FHWA-HRT-06-103). Federal Highway Administration. https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/06103/

Abstract: Premature moisture-induced failure of flexible pavements is a persistent problem in flood-prone regions such as the Niger Delta of Nigeria, where wearing courses are frequently submerged during the rainy season. This study evaluated the moisture resistance and durability of hot-mix asphalt (HMA) concrete in which the conventional mineral filler was partially replaced with a dual blend of quarry dust (QD) and sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA). Marshall Mix....

Keywords: sugarcane bagasse ash; quarry dust; moisture damage; retained Marshall stability; tensile strength ratio; swell index; hot-mix asphalt

[1]. Ahmed, A., Ali, H., & Saleem, M. (2018). Performance evaluation of sugarcane bagasse ash as a filler in asphalt concrete. International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology, 11(4), 393–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijprt.2018.01.003
[2]. Akhtar, H. (2018). Effect of water submergence on the characteristics of bituminous mixes using reclaimed asphalt pavement. European Journal of Biophysics, 6(1), 1–6.
[3]. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. (2014). Standard method of test for resistance of compacted asphalt mixtures to moisture-induced damage (AASHTO T 283-14). AASHTO.
[4]. American Society for Testing and Materials. (2017). Standard test method for indirect tensile (IDT) strength of asphalt mixtures (ASTM D6931-17). ASTM International.
[5]. American Society for Testing and Materials. (2021). Standard test methods for one-dimensional swell or collapse of soils (ASTM D4546-21). ASTM International.

Abstract: In this study, material removal mechanism and process stability limits during wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) of fully hardened EN31 die steel using a ∅ 0.25 mm zinc-coated brass wire have been investigated. A controlled parametric matrix was employed to evaluate the individual and synergistic effects of pulse-on time (Ton), pulse-off time (Toff), servo voltage (Sv), wire feed rate (Wf), wire tension (Wt) and wire polarity (Wp)....

Keywords: Wire EDM; EN31 alloy steel; Material removal rate; Pulse-on time; Duty cycle; Spark erosion

[1] R. M’Saoubi et al., “High performance cutting of advanced aerospace alloys and composite materials,” CIRP Annals, vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 557–580, Jan. 2015, doi: 10.1016/J.CIRP.2015.05.002.
[2] K. Lal and R. Trehan, “A review of tool wear and its effect on surface integrity of Inconel 718,” Machining Science and Technology, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 213–290, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.1080/10910344.2025.2598301.
[3] G. Mustafa, M. T. Anwar, A. Ahmed, M. Nawaz, and T. Rasheed, “Influence of Machining Parameters on Machinability of Inconel 718—A Review,” Adv. Eng. Mater., vol. 24, no. 10, Oct. 2022, doi: 10.1002/ADEM.202200202.
[4] L. Li, Z. Y. Li, X. T. Wei, and X. Cheng, “Machining Characteristics of Inconel 718 by Sinking-EDM and Wire-EDM,” Materials and Manufacturing Processes, vol. 30, no. 8, pp. 968–973, Aug. 2015, doi: 10.1080/10426914.2014.973579.
[5] L. Slătineanu, O. Dodun, M. Coteaţă, G. Nagîţ, I. B. Băncescu, and A. Hriţuc, “Wire electrical discharge machining—a review,” Machines, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 1–28, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.3390/MACHINES8040069

Abstract: This paper presents computational surface shear stress results of neutral Atmospheric Boundary Layer flow over a domain of complex terrain representative of Cincinnati, Ohio. The computational data, generated using a time averaged turbulence closure model, is used to review flow separation and reattachment patterns, as well as the influence of canopies modelled as surface roughness on the flow behavior. The present data is compared to and combined with a different dataset generated by Large Eddy Simulation to produce an initial correlation that suggests a relation....

Keywords: Computational Fluid Dynamics; Turbulence Modelling; Atmospheric Boundary Layer; Complex Topography

[1]. Allen, T, Brown A (2002) Large-Eddy Simulation Of Turbulent Separated Flow Over Rough Hills. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 102:177–198. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013155712154
[2]. Andreas E (1987) A theory for the scalar roughness and the scalar transfer coefficients over snow and sea ice. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 38:159–184. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00121562
[3]. Arya, SP (1988) Introduction to Micrometeorology. Academic Press, Inc.
[4]. Athanassiadou M, Castro I (2001) Neutral Flow Over A Series Of Rough Hills: A Laboratory Experiment. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 101:1–30. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019250801054
[5]. Ayotte KW, Hughes DE (2004) Observations of Boundary-Layer Wind-Tunnel Flow over Isolated Ridges of Varying Steepness and Roughness. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 112:525–556. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BOUN.0000030663.13477.51