iosr-JDMS   Volume-25 ~ Issue-3 ~ March 2026

Abstract: Background: In developing countries like India Hepatitis A (HAV) and hepatitis E (HEV) viruses are major concern for public health problems. These viruses are enterically transmitted through faeco-oral route and causes infection ranging from asymptomatic infection, usually in children, to acute viral hepatitis (AVH) of varying severity in adults.......

Key Word: Elisa, Faeco Oral, Seropositivity

[1]. Journal Of Family Medicine And Primary Care 11(2):P 567-572, February 2022. | DOI: 10.4103/Jfmpc.Jfmpc_1212_21 [2]. Journal Of Family Medicine And Primary Care 11(6):P 2437-2441, June 2022. | DOI: 10.4103/Jfmpc.Jfmpc_1746_21 [3]. Journal Of Family Medicine And Primary Care 9(12):P 6130-6134, December 31, 2020. | DOI: 10.4103/Jfmpc.Jfmpc_1373_20
[4]. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2018 Oct; 99(4): 1058–1061.
[5]. Indian Journal Of Medical Microbiology, (2015) 33(Supplement 1): S102-5

Abstract: Trochanteric depression is a frequent aesthetic concern in gluteal harmonization, often associated with lateral contour irregularities and loss of structural continuity of the hip silhouette. Traditional volumetric filling techniques may require large amounts of filler and may compromise the natural contour of the region. The GS Technique proposes a dual-layer structural approach combining deep structural support (“deep tower”) with subcutaneous.....

Key Word: Trochanteric depression; Gluteal harmonization; Body contouring; Hyaluronic acid fillers; Structural filler techniques.

[1]. Cotofana S, Et Al. Anatomy And Safety Considerations In Gluteal Augmentation. Aesthetic Surgery Journal, 2020.
[2]. Gray H, Standring S. Gray’s Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis Of Clinical Practice. 42nd Ed. Elsevier, 2021.
[3]. Karastergiou K, Et Al. Sex Differences In Human Adipose Tissues. Biology Of Sex Differences, 2012.
[4]. Sá GS, Ruiz-Silva C, Moleiro D. GS Power Protocol: Safe Anatomical Strategy For Gluteal Remodeling With Lipomodulatory Blends, Collagen Bioestimulator And Hyaluronic Acid. Journal Of Dental And Medical Sciences 2025
[5]. Moleiro D, Neto JP, Prosdocimi FC, Ruiz-Silva C. Anatomy In Fresh Frozen Corpses For Gluteal Harmonization. IOSR Journal Of Dental And Medical Sciences. 2025; 24(7):1–10.

Abstract: This study describes the ELLAS Female Protocol, a minimally invasive approach that uses hyaluronic acid filler in the clitoral complex to optimize female sexual arousal, improve vaginal lubrication, and promote greater intimate comfort. The protocol is based on an anatomical and functional understanding of the clitoral complex, a highly innervated and vascularized structure essential for female sexual response.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, clinical applicability, and potential functional benefits of controlled hyaluronic acid application in the clitoral region, aiming to restore volume, improve local vascular response, and.......

Key Word: Hyaluronic acid, female sexual health, clitoral complex, vaginal lubrication, intimate rejuvenation, female sexual function.

[1]. Benmail, H.; Et Al. Hyaluronic Acid Injection To Treat Symptoms Of Vulvovaginal Atrophy And Improve Sexual Function In Postmenopausal Women: A 52-Week Long-Term Follow-Up. Maturitas, Vol. 201, 2025, P. 108687.
Doi:10.1016/J.Maturitas.2025.108687.
[2]. Berman, J. R.; Berman, L. A.; Lin, H.; Flaherty, E. Anatomical And Physiological Aspects Of The Female Sexual Response. Fertil Steril, V. 101, N. 2, P. 336–343, 2014.
[3]. Burri, A.; Spector, T. Recent And Lifelong Sexual Dysfunction In A Female Uk Population Sample: Prevalence And Risk Factors. J Sex Med, V. 8, N. 9, P. 2420–2430, 2011. Doi:10.1111/J.1743-6109.2011.02341.X.
[4]. Buzzaccarini, G.; Et Al. Hyaluronic Acid In Vulvar And Vaginal Administration: Evidence From A Literature Systematic Review. Climacteric, V. 24, N. 6, P. 560-571, 2021. Doi:10.1080/13697137.2021.1898580.
[5]. Gaspar, A.; Mailland, F. Safety And Efficacy Of An Injectable Stabilized Hyaluronic Acid-Based Gel For Female Genital Rejuvenation: A Pilot Study. J Cosmet Dermatol, V. 17, N. 4, P. 483–490, 2018..

Abstract: Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS), or eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), presents a diagnostic challenge when associated with infectious diseases like tuberculosis. We report the case of a 50-year-old man with a history of asthma and sinus polyposis initially diagnosed with right-sided pleural tuberculosis. One month later, he returned with bilateral pleural effusion—notably eosinophilic on the left and lymphocytic on the right—accompanied by dyspnea, chest pain, and peripheral neuropathy. Diagnostic work-up revealed pericardial effusion, leading to a diagnosis of EGPA. This concomitant presentation of pleural tuberculosis and vasculitis raised complex therapeutic......

Keywords: Churg-Strauss syndrome, Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Tuberculosis, Asthma, Peripheral neuropathy, Pleural effusion, eosinophilia, vasculitis

[1]. Mukamal LV, Sodré CT, Prata LB, Nakasato F, Cuzzi T, Ramos-E-Silva M, Et Al. Churg-Strauss Syndrome Or Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis: Exuberant Classic Clinical Picture Of A Rare Disease. Case Rep Dermatol 2018;10:175-81
[2]. Churg J, Strauss L. Allergic Granulomatosis, Allergic Angiitis, And Periarteritis Nodosa. Am J Pathol 1951;27:277-301.
[3]. Han, Qian Phda; Li, Jie Mda; Wang, Jing Mda; Zhang, Liming Mda; Zhang, Jun Mda,*. Application Of The 2022 ACR/EULAR Criteria To Chinese Patients With Previously Diagnosed Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis: The Concordance Rate Between The 2022 ACR/EULAR Criteria And The 1990 Criteria For EGPA In China. Medicine 103(4):P E37119, January 26, 2024. |
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037119
[4]. Aladdin J Mohammad, An Update On The Epidemiology Of ANCA-Associated Vasculitis, Rheumatology, Volume 59, Issue Supplement_3, May 2020, Pages Iii42–Iii50,.

Abstract: Background: Inguinal hernias constitute the majority of abdominal wall hernias and represent a significant global surgical burden. Their aetiology is multifactorial, involving both acquired and genetic influences, with affected individuals often presenting with a reducible groin swelling that may be accompanied by discomfort. Diagnosis remains primarily clinical...

[1] Simons MP, Smietanski M, Bonjer HJ, Bittner R, Miserez M, Aufenacker TJ, Et Al. International Guidelines For Groin Hernia Management. Hernia 2018;22:1–165. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S10029-017-1668-X.
[2] Ruhl CE, Everhart JE. Risk Factors For Inguinal Hernia Among Adults In The US Population. Am J Epidemiol 2007;165:1154–61. Https://Doi.Org/10.1093/AJE/KWM011.
[3] Birindelli A, Sartelli M, Di Saverio S, Coccolini F, Ansaloni L, Van Ramshorst GH, Et Al. 2017 Update Of The WSES Guidelines For Emergency Repair Of Complicated Abdominal Wall Hernias. World J Emerg Surg 2017;12. Https://Doi.Org/10.1186/S13017-017-0149-Y.
[4] Inguinal Hernia - NIDDK. National Institute Of Diabetes And Digestive And Kidney Diseases N.D.
Https://Www.Niddk.Nih.Gov/Health-Information/Digestive-Diseases/Inguinal-Hernia#What (Accessed November 17, 2025).
[5] Lau H, Fang C, Yuen WK, Patil NG. Risk Factors For Inguinal Hernia In Adult Males: A Case-Control Study. Surgery 2007;141:262–6. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Surg.2006.04.014

Abstract: Background: Premedication is essential in perioperative care to reduce anxiety, provide analgesia, suppress autonomic reflexes and facilitate smooth anaesthesia. Intranasal drug delivery offers a non-invassive route with rapid absorption through the nasal mucosa. Intranasal Fentanyl provides rapid analgesia and sedation within minutes, while Intranasal dexmedetomidine offers sedation, anxiolysis, and mild analgesia without significant respiratory depression, making....

Key words: Intranasal premedication; Fentanyl; Dexmedetomidine; general anaesthesia; OAAS score.

[1]. Butterworth JF, Mackey DC, Wasnick JD. Morgan & Mikhail's Clinical Anesthesiology. 6th Ed. New York: Mcgraw-Hill Education; 2018. P. 275–80.
[2]. Borland ML, Jacobs I, King B, O'Brien D. A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Intranasal Fentanyl To Intravenous Morphine For Managing Acute Pain In Children In The Emergency Department. Ann Emerg Med. 2007;49(3):335–40.
[3]. Yuen VM, Hui TW, Irwin MG, Yuen MK. A Comparison Of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine And Oral Midazolam For Premedication In Pediatric Anaesthesia: A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial. Anesth Analg. 2008;106(6):1715–21.
[4]. American Society Of Anesthesiologists. ASA Physical Status Classification System [Internet]. 2020 [Cited 2025 Jun 17]. Available From: Https://Www.Asahq.Org/Standards-And-Guidelines/Asa-Physical-Status-Classification-System
[5]. Chernik DA, Fillings D, Laine H, Hendier J, Silver IM, Davidson AB, Et Al. Validity And Reliability Of The Observer's Assessment Of Alertness With Intravenous Midazolam. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1990;10: 244-251

Abstract: Background: Hypotension following spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section is a common complication caused by sympathetic blockade leading to vasodilatation and decreased systemic vascular resistance, which may compromise maternal hemodynamics and uteroplacental perfusion. Vasopressors such as Phenylephrine, Ephedrine, and Mephentermine:...

Key Word: Spinal anaesthesia; Caesarean section; Hypotension; Phenylephrine; Ephedrine; Mephentermine

[1]. Pernoll ML, Mandellje. Caesarean Section. Chapter 30, Principles And Practice Of Obstetric analgesia and anaesthesia, 2nd edn.,Bonicajjandmcdonaldjs,Williams And Wilkins, 1995:968-1009.
[2]. Clyburnp. Spinalanaesthesia For Caesareansection:Timefor Re-Appraisal(Editorial) Anaesthesia 2005;60:633- 635.
[3]. Parameshwarag.Spinal, Epiduraltocombinedspinal Epiduralanalgesia.Thehistoryofcentralneuraxialblock. Indian Journal Of Anaesthesia 2001;45:406.
[4]. Riley ET, Cohen SE, Rubenstein AJ, Flanagan B. Prevention Of Hypotension After Spinal Anaesthesia For Caesarean Section : 6% Hetastarch Versus Lactated Ringer’s Solution. Anaesthesia And Analgesia 1995;81:838-42.
[5]. Eloner H, Barcohana J, Bartosheck AK. Influence Of Postsponal Hypotension On Fetal Electrogram. American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynaecology 1960;80: 560- 572..

Abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the joint but can also lead to extra articular manifestation including pleuropulmonary involvement. One such rare extra articular manifestation of RA is Bronchiectasis, a condition characterized by permanent dilation and damage to the airways. This case report highlights the co-occurrence of bronchiectasis in a middle age female patient with rheumatoid arthritis....

Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA); Bronchiectasis; Lung and Autoimmune disorder

[1]. Shaw M, Et Al *Thorax.* 2015;70(8):771-777
[2]. Megan Shaw, Bridget F. Collins, Laweence A. Ho And Ganesh Raghu Et Al. Comphrenesive, Up To Date Review Of RA Associated Lung Diseases Including Pathogenesis And Management.
[3]. Marigliano B, Soriano A, Margiotta D, Et Al. Lung Involvement In Connective Tissue Disease: A Comprehensive Review And A Focus On Rheumatoid Arthritis. Autoimmune Rev 2013; 12: 1076-1084.
[4]. Perry E, Et Al. *Eur Respir J.* 2019; 54(3): 1900047
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Abstract: Pulmonary metastases from pancreatic cancer are rare and may present with various radiologic patterns. We report the case of a 67-year-old female patient with no history of tobacco or alcohol use, with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension under treatment for the past two years. She presented with epigastric pain, postprandial.....

Keywords: Well-differentiated mucinous pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pulmonary metastases, consolidation, ground-glass opacities, crazy paving

[1]. Schima, W., Ba-Ssalamah, A., Kölblinger, C. Et Al. Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Eur Radiol 17, 638–649 (2007).
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[2]. Ozkan E, Balachandran A, Bhosale PR, Tamm EP, Marcal LP, Szklaruk J. Pictorial Essay: Multimodality Imaging Of Metastases From Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Clin Imaging 2010;34:277–87.
[3]. Downs-Canner S, Zenati M, Boone BA, Varley PR, Steve J, Hogg ME, Et Al. The Indolent Nature Of Pulmonary Metastases From Ductal Adenocarcinoma Of The Pancreas. J Surg Oncol 2015;112:80–5.
[4]. Ilmer M, Schiergens TS, Renz BW, Schneider C, Sargut M, Waligora R, Et Al. Oligometastaticpulmonarymetastasis Inpancreatic Cancerpatients: Safety And Outcome Of Resection. Surg Oncol 2019;31:16–21.
[5]. Nemec SF, Bankier AA, Eisenberg RL. Lower Lobe Predominant Diseases Of The Lung. Am J Roentgenol 2013;200:712–28.

Abstract: Resumé: Le thorax est le site le plus fréquent de métastases du cancer du sein après les métastases ganglionnaires régionales et osseuses [1].
Il s’agit du’une patiente âgée de 44 ans, , exposée au tabagisme passif à domicile depuis 28 ans, sa soeur est décédée par cancer du sein il y a 6 ans, qui a consulté pour une toux sèche insomniante évoluant depuis 2 mois devenant productive ramenant des expectorations purulentes avec plusieurs épisodes d’hémoptysies de faible abondance, une......

[1]. Kamby C, Vejborg I, Kristensen B, Olsen LO, Mouridsen HT. Metastatic Pattern In Recurrent Breast Cancer. Cancer 1988;62:2226-2233.
[2]. Thomas JM, Redding WH, Sloane JP. The Spread Of Breast Cancer: Imortance Of The Intrathoracic Lymphatic Route And Its Relevance To Treatment. Br J Cancer 1979;40:540-547.
[3]. Libshitz HI, North LB. Pulmonary Metastases. Radiol Clin North Am 1982;20:437-451. [4]. Ettensohn DB, Bennett JM, Hyde RW. Endobronchial Metastases From Carcinoma Of The Breast. Med Pediatr Oncol 1985;13:9-13. 6 Gawne-Cain ML, Malthouse SR, Reidy IF, Rubens RD, S
[4]. Gawne-Cain ML, Malthouse SR, Reidy IF, Rubens RD, Smith P, Gregory W. Radiographic Patterns Of Intrathnracic Disease In Breast Carcinoma: Prognostic Implications. Clin Radiol 1993;48:253-257.
[5]. Kronthal AJ, Fishman EK, Gotflieb LM, Davidson NE. CT Evaluation Of Breast Cancer: Spectrum Of Disease. Clin Rev Diagn Lmag 1993;34: 159-237.

Abstract: Immediate implant placement has become an increasingly accepted approach for replacing missing teeth while reducing treatment time and preserving alveolar bone architecture. However, implant placement in pathologically infected sites remains controversial, particularly in patients with systemic conditions such as diabetes mellitus, which may impair wound healing and bone regeneration. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), an autologous platelet concentrate rich in growth factors, has shown to enhance angiogenesis, bone regeneration, and soft-tissue healing..

Keywords: Dental implant; Immediate implant placement; Platelet-rich fibrin; Infected extraction socket; Diabetes mellitus; Oral rehabilitation

[1]. Miron RJ, Fujioka-Kobayashi M, Bishara M, Zhang Y, Hernandez M, Choukroun J. Platelet-Rich Fibrin And Soft Tissue Wound Healing: A Systematic Review. Clin Oral Investig. 2021;25(6):4031-4045. Doi:10.1007/S00784-020-03735-3
[2]. Sharma A, Ingole S, Deshpande M, Ranadive P, Sharma S, Kazi N. Influence Of Platelet-Rich Fibrin On Wound Healing And Bone Regeneration After Tooth Extraction. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2020;10(4):385-390. Doi:10.1016/J.Jobcr.2020.07.003
[3]. Castro AB, Van Dessel J, Temmerman A, Jacobs R, Quirynen M. Effect Of Different Platelet-Rich Fibrin Matrices For Ridge Preservation. J Clin Periodontol. 2021;48(7):984-995. Doi:10.1111/Jcpe.13463
[4]. Zwittnig K, Tangl S, Laky B, Watzek G. Platelet-Rich Fibrin In Oral Surgery And Implantology. Clin Oral Investig. 2022;26(3):2701-2712. Doi:10.1007/S00784-021-04261-1
[5]. Asoka S, Panneerselvam E, Pandya AR, Raja VBK, Ravi P. Effect Of Platelet-Rich Fibrin On Extraction Socket Healing In Diabetic Patients. Natl J Maxillofac Surg. 2022;13(1):39-43. Doi:10.4103/Njms.Njms_173_21

Abstract: High-energy visible (HEV) blue light (400–490 nm) has emerged as an important environmental stressor due to prolonged exposure from digital devices and LED lighting systems (19, 22). Although less energetic than ultraviolet radiation, HEV wavelengths induce oxidative stress, inflammation, pigmentation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and early skin aging (3, 12, 20). Blue-light protective serums are increasingly formulated to mitigate HEV-induced effects using antioxidants, pigments, botanical actives, peptides, and advanced delivery systems (14, 21, 26).
The present review synthesizes..

Keywords: Blue light, HEV radiation, Photodamage, Skin aging, Antioxidants, Opsin-3, Cosmetic formulation, Iron oxide pigments, Mitochondrial stress

[1]. Amaroli, A., Ferrando, S., Benedicenti, S., & Hamblin, M. R. (2019). Photobiomodulation And Blue Light: A Double-Edged Sword. Photochemistry And Photobiology, 95(1), 12–25.
[2]. Battie, C., Jitsukawa, S., Bernerd, F., Del Bino, S., Marionnet, C., & Verschoore, M. (2014). New Insights In Photoaging, UVA-Induced Damage And Skin Types. Experimental Dermatology, 23(S1), 7–12.
[3]. Bensasson, R. V., Robson, T. S., Gilbert, B. C., & Loizos, G. (2020). Skin Exposure To High-Energy Visible (HEV) Light: Impact On Oxidative Stress. Journal Of Photochemistry And Photobiology B: Biology, 205, 111825.
[4]. Cho, S., Shin, M. H., Kim, Y. K., Seo, J. E., Lee, Y. M., Park, C. H., & Chung, J. H. (2010). Effects Of Infrared Radiation And Heat On Human Skin Aging In Vivo. Journal Of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings, 15(2), 1–4.

Abstract: Background: Hip fractures are associated with severe pain. Conventional regional techniques such as femoral nerve block and fascia iliaca compartment block are used to alleviate the pain. These often fail to provide complete analgesia due to inadequate obturator nerve coverage. The Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) block targets articular branches of the femoral, obturator and accessory obturator nerve and may provide superior analgesia. However.....

Keywords: PENG block, hip fracture analgesia, regional anaesthesia, C-arm imaging, bupivacaine

[1]. Iamaroon A, Raksakietisak M, Halilamien P, Hongsawad J, Boonsararuxsapong K. Femoral Nerve Block Versus Fentanyl: Analgesia For Positioning Patients With A Fractured Femur. Local Reg Anesth 2010;3:21–6.
[2]. Madabushi R, Rajappa GC, Thammanna PP, Iyer SS. Fascia Iliaca Block Vs Intravenous Fentanyl As An Analgesic Technique Before Positioning For Spinal Anaesthesia In Patients Undergoing Surgery For Femur Fractures-A Randomized Trial. J Clin Anesth 2016;35:398–403.
[3]. Girón-Arango L, Peng PWH, Chin KJ, Brull R, Perlas A. Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block For Hip Fracture. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2018;43 (8): 859–863. Doi:10.1097/AAP.0000000000000847
[4]. Ultrasound‑Guided Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block Versus Femoral Nerve Block For Positioning During Spinal Anaesthesia In Proximal Femur Fractures: A Randomised Comparative Study Kinjal Chaudhary, Neeta Bose 1 , Dhara Tanna, Anup Chandnani Departments Of Anaesthesia And 1Emergency Medicine, GMERS Gotri Medical College, Vadodara, Gurajat, India
DOI: 10.4103/Ija.Ija_553_23

Abstract: Résumé Le syndrome hyperéosinophilique idiopathique (SHEI) est une entité rare caractérisée par une hyperéosinophilie persistante associée à des manifestations cliniques d’atteinte d’organes, en l’absence de cause secondaire ou clonale identifiable. Nous rapportons l’observation d’un patient âgé de 34 ans, hospitalisé pour pleuropneumopathie bilatérale avec une hyperéosinophilie à 6880 éléments/mm³. Le bilan étiologique exhaustif n’a pas retrouvé de cause parasitaire, médicamenteuse, allergique, néoplasique ou auto-immune. L’exploration hématologique.....

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