iosr-JDMS   Volume-24 ~ Issue-6 ~ June 2025

Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus is a significant global public health challenge, with its prevalence rising sharply due to sedentary lifestyles, obesity, and healthcare disparities. Community-based interventions (CBIs) have emerged as effective strategies for diabetes prevention, promoting behavioral changes and addressing key risk factors. Understanding global research trends in CBIs for diabetes prevention is essential to inform policy, direct future research, and enhance intervention strategies. Objective: This study aims to map the global research landscape on community-based interventions for diabetes prevention from 2000 to 2024. It identifies key research themes, influential authors, institutions, and countries contributing to this field while exploring collaboration networks and thematic trends.......

Keywords: Community based interventions, Diabetes Mellitus, Bibliometric and Visual analysis

[1]. Global report on diabetes [Internet]. World Health Organization; 2017 [cited 2025 Mar 11]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241565257
[2]. Ismail IM, Naik PR. Prevalence and determinants of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus: A community-based study from Karnataka, India. Natl J Community Med. 2024 Oct 1;15(10):842–9.
[3]. Exploring Diabetes Research Trends in India: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis Using VOSviewer.
[4]. Sun H, Saeedi P, Karuranga S, Pinkepank M, Ogurtsova K, Duncan BB, et al. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global, regional and country-level diabetes prevalence estimates for 2021 and projections for 2045. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2022 Jan;183(109119):109119.
[5]. Chan JCN, Lim LL, Wareham NJ, Shaw JE, Orchard TJ, Zhang P, et al. The Lancet Commission on diabetes: using data to transform diabetes care and patient lives. Lancet. 2021 Dec 19;396(10267):2019–82.

Abstract: Aim: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate and compare the antifungal efficacy of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), boron nitride nanoparticles (BNNPs), and chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) against Candida albicans contaminating gutta-percha (GP) cones using colony-forming unit (CFU) counts, zone of inhibition measurements, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) analysis........

[1]. Gomes BPFA, Vianna ME, Matsumoto CU, et al. Disinfection of gutta-percha cones with chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2005;100(4):512–7.
[2]. Senia ES, Marraro RV, Mitchell JL, Lewis AG, Thomas L. Rapid sterilization of gutta-percha cones with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. J Endod. 1975;1(4):136–40.
[3]. Siqueira JF Jr, Rôças IN. Microbiology and treatment of endodontic infections. Endod Topics. 2005;1(3):1–15.
[4]. Waltimo TMT, Ørstavik D, Sirén EK, Haapasalo MPP. In vitro susceptibility of Candida albicans to four disinfectants and their combinations. Int Endod J. 1999;32(6):421–9.

Abstract: Résumé Un aspergillome est une lésion pulmonaire bien connue, généralement causée par le champignon Aspergillus fumigatus. Sa complication principale est l’hémoptysie, et son association avec un pneumothorax est extrêmement rare. Nous rapportons le cas d'un homme de 58 ans, avec des antécédents de tuberculose traitée et guérie, qui a été traité avec succès dans notre service pour une rupture d'un aspergillome, compliquée par un pneumothorax massif. Le patient a subi une wedge resectionavec capitonnage de la cavité aspergillaire , suivies d'un rétablissement rapide......

[1]. Gupta PP, Fotedar S, Agarwal D, Magu S, Saini K. Pneumothorax: A rare presentation of pulmonary mycetoma. Ann Thorac Med. Dec 2007;2(4):171.
[2]. Grandmaison G, Dumont P, Erard V. Aspergillose pulmonaire chez le patient immunocompétent. Rev Médicale Suisse. 2019;15(666):1795-1801.
[3]. Ami M, Benjelloun H, Zaghba N, Yassine N. L’aspergillome pulmonaire: une pathologie fréquente et potentiellement grave. Rev Mal Respir Actual. Jan 1, 2020;12:237-238.
[4]. Razafimanjato NNM, Rakotoson JM, Ravoatrarilandy M, Andrianasolo RL, Rajaonera AT, Raveloson NE, et al. Facteurs de gravité de l’aspergillome pulmonaire en réanimation chirurgicale à l’Hôpital Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona, Antananarivo, Madagascar. Médecine Trop Santé Int. Feb 18, 2021;1(1):E9QE-PV02.
[5]. Nonga BN, Jemea B, Pondy AO, Handy Eone D, Bitchong MC, Fola O, et al. Unusual life-threatening pneumothorax complicating a ruptured complex aspergilloma in an immunocompetent patient in Cameroon. Case Rep Surg. Feb 15, 2018;2018:8648732..

Abstract: Introduction: Inguinal hernia is one of the most encountered surgical conditions globally - with significant prevalence among adult males. Surgical repair remains the definitive treatment and the two predominant techniques - open Lichtenstein repair and laparoscopic Transabdominal Preperitoneal (TAPP) repair - provide differing profiles in terms of operative time, recovery, pain, complications and cost. In the Indian context - evidence comparing these techniques in a controlled environment remains limited. Objectives: To compare TAPP........

Keywords: Inguinal Hernia; Herniorrhaphy; Laparoscopy; TAPP; Lichtenstein Repair; Pain Measurement; Surgical Wound Infection; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Hospital Stay; Randomized Controlled Trial.

[1]. Sanjaya CE. Lateral Inguinal Hernia. International Journal of Health & Medical Sciences. 2023;6(1):44–6.
[2]. Kingsnorth A, LeBlanc K. Hernias: Inguinal and incisional. In: Lancet. 2003.
[3]. Jenkins JT, O’dwyer PJ. CLINICAL REVIEW Inguinal hernias. Bmj. 2008;336(February).
[4]. Wang F, Ma B, Ma Q, Liu X. Global, Regional and National Burden of Inguinal, Femoral and Abdominal Hernias: A Systematic Analysis of Prevalence, Incidence, Deaths and DALYs With Projections to 2030. International Journal of Surgery. 2024;110(4):1951–67.
[5]. Tse W, Johns W, Maher J, Rivers J, Miller T. Bassini inguinal hernia repair: Obsolete or still a viable surgical option? A single center cohort study. International Journal of Surgery Open. 2021;36.

Abstract: Background: Pain management is essential in dentistry, especially during the administration of local anesthetic (LA) injections, which often evoke discomfort and anxiety. Warming the LA solution is a simple intervention that may reduce pain perception and improve physiological response. Materials and Methods: A double-blind comparative study......

Keywords: Local anesthesia; Pain perception; Warm anesthetic; Visual Analog Scale; Vital signs; Injection comfort.

[1]. MedicalHubNews PHD Team. (n.d.). Exploring local anesthesia used in dentistry: Enhance your dental experience. MedicalHubNews. Retrieved June 5, 2025, from https://medicalhubnews.com/surgery/anesthesia/local-anesthesia-used-in-dentistry/
[2]. Malamed, S. F. (1993). Pain and anxiety control in dentistry. Journal of the California Dental Association, 21(10), 35–38, 40–41. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7512135/
[3]. Ram, D., Hermida, L. B., & Peretz, B. (2002). A comparison of warmed and room-temperature anesthetic for local anesthesia in children. Pediatric Dentistry, 24(4), 333–336. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12212876/
[4]. Patel, B. J., Surana, P., & Patel, K. J. (2023). Recent advances in local anesthesia: A review of literature. Cureus, 15(3), e36291. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.36291
[5]. Ursell, P. G., & Spalton, D. J. (1996). The effect of solution temperature on the pain of peribulbar anesthesia. American Journal of Ophthalmology, 121(6), 712–714. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0161-6420(96)30606-4.

Abstract: Biomaterials are integral to the success of dental implants, significantly impacting osseointegration, biocompatibility, mechanical stability, and esthetics1. Over the decades, innovations in materials science have led to the development of new implant materials and surface modifications aimed at improving biological and clinical outcomes2. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the biomaterials used in implant dentistry, highlighting their properties, classification, clinical applications, and recent advancements. Titanium and its alloys continue to........

Keywords: Dental implants, Biomaterials, Titanium, Zirconia, Surface modification, Osseointegration, Implant dentistry

[1]. Zarb GA, Albrektsson T (1991) Osseointegration: a requiem for periodontal ligament? Int J Periodontal Restor Dent 11:88–91
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[4]. Eriksson RA (1984) Heat-induced bone tissue injury. An in vivo investigation of heat tolerance of bone tissue and temperature rise in the drilling of cortical bone. Thesis. University of Goteborg, Sweden, pp 1–112
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Abstract: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) has revolutionized the diagnostic and prognostic landscape of oral pathology by enabling precise detection of specific antigens within tissue sections. This article offers a comprehensive overview of IHC’s evolution, fundamental principles, and practical techniques—ranging from direct and indirect labeling to advanced polymer- and gold-based methods. Emphasis is placed on the meticulous preparation of tissues, including formalin fixation and antigen retrieval, to ensure reliable staining outcomes. A detailed exploration of molecular markers.......

Keywords: Immunohistochemistry, Odontogenic Cysts, Odontogenic Tumors, Epithelial Dysplasia, Molecular Markers, Proliferation Markers, p53, Ki-67, bcl-2, Cytokeratins

[1]. Jordan C, Deniels T, Greenspan J, Regezi J. Advanced diagnostic methods in oral and maxillofacial pathology part ii: immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent methods. OOO 2002; 93: 56-74.
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Abstract: This retrospective study examines the prevalence and spectrum of oral lesions diagnosed at a single dental institution from over a period of year in 2023. By reviewing clinical and pathological records, we sought to identify the most frequently encountered lesions, discuss their clinical implications, and highlight the importance of early detection. Overall, the data suggest a significant number of odontogenic cysts and reactive lesions, as well as a smaller proportion of malignant or potentially malignant entities, underscoring the multifaceted nature of oral pathology. This........

Keywords: Oral health, Odontogenic cyst, Retrospective study, potentially malignant, reactive lesions

[1]. Pahwa, V., Nair, S., Shetty, R. S., & Kamath, A. (2018). Prevalence of Oral Premalignant Lesions and Its Risk Factors among the Adult Population in Udupi Taluk of Coastal Karnataka, India. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 19(8), 2165–2170. https://doi.org/10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.8.2165
[2]. Bhatnagar, P., Rai, S., Bhatnagar, G., Kaur, M., Goel, S., & Prabhat, M. (2013). Prevalence study of oral mucosal lesions, mucosal variants, and treatment required for patients reporting to a dental school in North India: In accordance with WHO guidelines. Journal of family & community medicine, 20(1), 41–48. https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8229.108183
[3]. Behura, S. S., Masthan, M. K., & Narayanasamy, A. B. (2015). Oral Mucosal Lesions Associated with Smokers and Chewers - A Case-Control Study in Chennai Population. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 9(7), ZC17–ZC22. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2015/14008.6169
[4]. Ali, M., Joseph, B., & Sundaram, D. (2013). Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in patients of the Kuwait University Dental Center. The Saudi dental journal, 25(3), 111–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sdentj.2013.05.003
[5]. Gupta A, Shrestha P, Poudyal S, et al. Prevalence and Distribution of Oral Mucosal Lesions and Normal Variants among Nepalese Population. Biomed Res Int. 2023;2023:9375084. Published 2023 Oct 18. doi:10.1155/2023/9375084.

Abstract: Mandibular fractures are among the most common maxillofacial injuries, attributing to road traffic accidents, assaults, or falls. While surgical advancements have improved functional and aesthetic outcomes, the impact of such trauma and its long-term effect on patients’ quality of life (QoL) remains comparatively unexplored. This review aims to summarise the parameters that determine the post-operative quality of life in patients who underwent surgical treatment for mandibular fractures, considering functional recovery, nerve integrity, and psychological well-being.

Keywords: Mandibular Fracture, Mandibular fracture treatment, Open reduction and internal fixation, Quality of life.

[1]. Kanala S, Gudipalli S, Perumalla P, Jagalanki K, Polamarasetty PV, Guntaka S, Gudala A, Boyapati RP. Aetiology, prevalence, fracture site and management of maxillofacial trauma. The Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England. 2021 Jan;103(1):18-22.
[2]. Singaram M, Udhayakumar RK. Prevalence, pattern, etiology, and management of maxillofacial trauma in a developing country: a retrospective study. Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. 2016 Aug 1;42(4):174-81.
[3]. Pickrell BB, Serebrakian AT, Maricevich RS. Mandible fractures. InSeminars in plastic surgery 2017 May (Vol. 31, No. 02, pp. 100-107). Thieme Medical Publishers.
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[5]. Kaukola L, Snäll J, Lindqvist C, Roine R, Sintonen H, Törnwall J, Thorén H. Health-related quality of life after surgical treatment of mandibular fracture. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology. 2015 Apr 1;119(4):402-7..

Abstract: Aim: To compare the intraoperative parameters and postoperative complications of flap raising with harmonic scalpel and electrocautery. Methods: A prospective randomised controlled trial done on 60 cases of breast carcinoma undergoing Modified radical mastectomy in Guru Nanak Dev hospital, Amritsar. 30 patients were operated using harmonic scalpel (Group A) and thirty patients were operated.......

Keywords: Harmonic scalpel, Electrocautery, Modified radical mastectomy

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Abstract: Microorganisms are the primary cause of pulpal and periapical infections. Endodontic therapy is an effective treatment for eradicating these microorganisms from the root canal. This therapy aims to thoroughly clean, shape, and hermetically obturate the root canals. Despite its effectiveness, post-operative pain following a pulpectomy remained a significant issue for both patients and clinicians. Aim The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of microbial reduction and intensity of post-operative pain following pulpectomy in primary molars, using three irrigation.......

[1]. Bresolin CR, Marques RP, Okamura B, Costa C, Moura‐Netto C, Lara JS, et al. Efficacy of an iodoform‐based filling material for pulpectomy of primary teeth: A 24‐month non‐inferiority randomized clinical trial. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2022;32(5):668-77.
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