iosr-JDMS   Volume-24 ~ Issue-12 ~ December 2025

Abstract: Background: Chronic heart failure is a growing global problem with rising prevalence. The underlying cause, demography and clinical profile varies widely from one region of the world to the other and within the region(s) of the same country. Method: The study was a cross sectional descriptive study carried out at a tertiary centre. Patient presenting with symptoms......

Keywords:Chronic heart failure, Aetiology, Clinical profile, prevalence

[1]. Schocken DD, Arrieta MI, Leaverton PE, Ross EA. Prevalence And Mortality Rate Of Congestive Heart Failure In The United States. J Am Coll Cardiol 1992;20:301–306.
[2]. Hoes AW, Mosterd A, Grobbee DE. An Epidemic Of Heart Failure? Recent Evidence From Europe. Eur Heart J 1998;19
[3]. Mccullough PA, Philbin EF, Spertus JA, Kaatz S, Sanberg KR, Weaver WD. Confirmation Of A Heart Failure Epidemic: Findings From The Resource Utilization Among Congestive Heart Failure (REACH) Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002;39:60–69
[4]. Dokainish H, Teo K, Zhu J, Roy A, Alhabib KF, Elsayed A. Et Al. Heart Failure In Africa, Asia, The Middle East And South America: The INTER-CHF Study. International Journal Of Cardiology 204 (2016) 133–141
[5]. Khatibzadeh S, Farzadfar F, Oliver J, Ezzati M, Moran A. Worldwide Risk Factors For Heart Failure: A Systematic Review And Pooled Analysis, Int. J. Cardiol. 168 (2013) 1186–1194

Abstract: Organon of medicine was written by Dr. Samuel Hahnemann first edition published in 1810. It is describing the working of homoeopathic and allopathic medicines in the human body on symptomatic manner. It deals with the symptoms produced by the medicine to that of the disease, i.e., similar or dissimilar symptoms and the strength or potency of the medicine with respect to that of the disease agent, and accordingly the way of cure is narrated. Vital force or vital energy is responsible for the status of a human body such as healthy (good), disease and death condition......

Key Words – Organon of Medicine, Similia Similibus Curantur, Contraria Contrariis Curantur, Materia Medica, Disease, Vital Force or Vital Energy, Immunity, Pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites etc.), DNA, RNA, Cure or recovery of disease

[1]. Samuel Hahnemann, Organon OF Medicine, 5TH AND 6TH Edition Combined, B. Jain Publishers Pvt. Ltd., India, 2024.
[2]. William Boericke, Boericke’s New Manual OF Homeopathic Materia Medica WITH Repertory, B. Jain Publishers Pvt. Ltd., India, 2025.
[3]. P. K. Bhattacharjee, “Working Philosophy OF ALL Medicines”, International Journal OF Advanced Engineering AND Global Technology, India, VOL. 2, ISSUE 7, PP 823-827, July 2014.
[4]. H. C. Verma, Concepts OF Physics, Part – I & Ii, Bharati Bhawan Publishers, India, 2025.
[5]. J. Dunlop, AND D. G. Smith, Telecommunications Engineering, Chapman AND Hall Publishers, Uk, 3RD Edition, 1994..

Abstract: Introduction: Total hip replacement is an established surgical treatment for patients with terminal hip disorders, such as osteoarthritis, avascular necrosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. It has been known to achieve significant pain relief, recover joint mobility, and improve the quality of life. The purpose of this paper was to assess long-term outcomes following total hip replacement regarding pain, functional status, mobility, quality of life, and complication rates in a series of patients undergoing primary THR.
Methods: The following.....

Key Words – Total Hip Replacement, Long-Term Pain, Mobility

[1]. Learmonth ID, Young C, Rorabeck C. The operation of the century: total hip replacement. The Lancet. 2007 Oct 27;370(9597):1508-19.
[2]. Beswick AD, Wylde V, Gooberman-Hill R, Blom A, Dieppe P. What proportion of patients report long-term pain after total hip or knee replacement for osteoarthritis? A systematic review of prospective studies in unselected patients. BMJ Open. 2012 Jan 1;2(1):e000435.
[3]. Shan L, Shan B, Graham D, Saxena A. Total hip replacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis on mid-term quality of life. Osteoarthritis and cartilage. 2014 Mar 1;22(3):389-406.
[4]. Wylde V, Hewlett S, Learmonth ID, Dieppe P. Persistent pain after joint replacement: prevalence, sensory qualities, and postoperative determinants. PAIN®. 2011 Mar 1;152(3):566-72.
[5]. Vissers MM, Bussmann JB, Verhaar JA, Arends LR, Furlan AD, Reijman M. Recovery of physical functioning after total hip arthroplasty: systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. Physical therapy. 2011 May 1;91(5):615-29

Abstract: Introduction: Sociodemographic factors play a crucial role in determining the etiology of surgical jaundice, influencing whether the underlying cause is malignant or benign. Age is a significant determinant, with malignant cases more prevalent in older individuals, while benign causes are more frequent in younger patients. This study aimed to assess the sociodemographic determinants and their association with surgical jaundice.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Surgery, Dhaka Medical College......

Key Words – Sociodemographic determinants, Surgical Jaundice, Carcinoma Head of Pancreas, Choledocholithiasis

[1]. Alammar NR. Evaluation of the management of obstructive jaundice in diwaniyia teaching hospital. AL-Qadisiya Med J. 2017;13(24):103–15.
[2]. Alrashed FM, Almalki Ahmed Y, Alflan A, Alzahrani M, Alrashed Fatima M, Alshahrani Saeed A, et al. Obstructive Jaundice: Incidence, Etiology and Management in Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia. Iajps. 2018;5(12):17102–9.
[3]. Bhutia K, Lachungpa T, Lamtha S. Etiology of obstructive jaundice and its correlation with the ethnic population of Sikkim. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2021;10(11):4189–92.
[4]. Dakhore DSD. Presentation, Etiology and Management of Obstructive Jaundice: A Prospective Study. J Med Sci Clin Res. 2018;6(7):207–15.
[5]. Soares PF da C, Gestic MA, Utrini MP, Callejas-Neto F, Chaim EA, Cazzo E. Epidemiological profile, referral routes and diagnostic accuracy of cases of acute cholangitis among individuals with obstructive jaundice admitted to a tertiary-level university hospital: A cross-sectional study. Sao Paulo Med J. 2019;137(6):491–7.

Abstract: Background: Dengue remains a major public health concern in tropical regions, with fatal outcomes often linked to severe clinical manifestations and laboratory abnormalities. Early identification of high-risk patients is crucial for reducing mortality. Aim of the study: To describe the clinical and laboratory profiles of fatal dengue cases and identify features associated with early versus late mortality.
Methods: A.....

Key Words – Fatal dengue, Clinical profile, Laboratory profile, Dengue shock syndrome, Retrospective study, Mortality predictors

[1]. Singhal T, Kothari V. Clinical and laboratory profile of fatal Dengue cases at a tertiary care private hospital in Mumbai, India. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2020 Jul 6;103(3):1223.
[2]. Deshwal R, Qureshi MI, Singh R. Clinical and laboratory profile of dengue fever. J Assoc Physicians India. 2015 Dec 1;63(12):30-2.
[3]. The Business Standard. Bangladesh records highest single‐day dengue cases this year; 9 more die. 2025 Oct 5. Available from: https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/health/bangladesh-records-highest-single-day-dengue-cases-year-9-more-die-1253326
[4]. Ansari J, Vahikar S, Mishra V, Singh AK, Mall AK. Clinical Profile of Dengue Fever in Special Respect to Outcome and Intervention in Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern Up. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine: Peer-reviewed, Official Publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine. 2024 Mar 7;28(Suppl 1):S284.
[5]. Freire DE, Olaya JD, Hawkes M. 1405. Clinical and laboratory features of fatal dengue fever in children: a case-control study. InOpen Forum Infectious Diseases 2020 Oct 1 (Vol. 7, No. Supplement_1, pp. S710-S711). US: Oxford University Press..

Abstract: Gemcitabine is a nucleoside analogue prodrug used as a monotherapy or in combined therapies against various types of cancer. The hydrophilic property of the gemcitabine molecule means that it cannot easily cross the hydrophobic lipid layer of cell membranes, so it requires nucleoside transport proteins for it to be taken up into cancer cells. The active phosphorylated metabolites of gemcitabine ultimately block DNA synthesis and lead to apoptosis. Unfortunately, the efficacy of gemcitabine is limited by its enzymatic deamination, fast systemic clearance and.....

Key Words – Chemotherapy; Drug delivery; Magnetic resonance imaging; Nucleoside analogue; Positron emission tomography; Theranostics

[1]. Toschi L, Finocchiaro G, Bartolini S, Gioia V, Cappuzzo F. Role Of Gemcitabine In Cancer Therapy. Future Oncol. 2005;1(1):7-17. Doi: 10.1517/14796694.1.1.7
[2]. Gesto DS, Cerqueira NM, Fernandes PA, Ramos MJ. Gemcitabine: A Critical Nucleoside For Cancer Therapy. Curr Med Chem. 2012;19(7):1076-1087. Doi: 10.2174/092986712799320682
[3]. Cavaliere A, Probst KC, Westwell AD, Slusarczyk M. (2017). Fluorinated Nucleosides As An Important Class Of Anticancer And Antiviral Agents. Future Med Chem. 2017;9(15):1809-1833. Doi: 10.4155/Fmc-2017-0095
[4]. Hertel LW, Boder GB, Kroin JS, Rinzel SM, Poore GA, Todd GC, Grindey GB. Evaluation Of The Antitumor Activity Of Gemcitabine (2',2'-Difluoro-2'-Deoxycytidine). Cancer Res. 1990;50(14):4417-4422.
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Barton-Burke M. Gemcitabine: A Pharmacologic And Clinical Overview. Cancer Nurs. 1999;22(2):176-183. Doi: 10.1097/00002820-199904000-00011.

Abstract: As per WHO report, Menopause is defined as 12months of amenorrhea in women. menopause is the common physiological change among middle-aged women. • the transition from the reproductive to the nonreproductive stage is the result of a reduction in the female hormonal production by the ovaries.
• Quality of life (QOL) has been defined......

[1]. World Health Organization. Research On The Menopause. WHO Technical Report Series. Geneva: WHO; 1996.
[2]. Soules MR, Sherman S, Parrott E, Et Al. Staging Reproductive Aging In Women: STRAW Criteria. Menopause. 2001;8(6):402–7.
[3]. Avis NE, Crawford SL, Greendale G, Et Al. Duration And Severity Of Menopausal Vasomotor Symptoms: A Longitudinal Analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2015;175(4):531–9.
[4]. Polisseni ÁF, Polisseni F, De Pádua L, Et Al. Influence Of Socio-Cultural Factors On Menopausal Symptoms And QOL. Menopause. 2009;16(4):745–51..

Abstract: Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) remain a significant cause of postoperative morbidity, prolonged hospital stay, and increased healthcare costs. Conventional antiseptic dressings such as silver-based ointments are widely used; however, concerns regarding cytotoxicity and delayed wound healing have been reported. Medical-grade honey (MGH), a sterile, standardized, and unadulterated product, has re-emerged as a potential alternative....

Key Words – Medical-grade honey, colloidal silver, surgical site infection, open wounds, wound dressing

[1]. Singh A, Bajaj Ss, Bajaj Jk. A Comparative Study Of Honey Dressing Vs Silver Sulfadiazine Dressing On Wound Healing In Burn Patients. Br J Healthc Med Res. 2025;12(4):133-144.
[2]. Mahek L, Bashir A, Shoukat Z, Iqbal F, Talat N. The Efficacy Of Honey Compared To Silver Sulfadiazine In Pediatric Superficial And Partial-Thickness Burns. J Neonatal Surg. 2025;14(32s):9001-9010.
[3]. Smaropoulos E. Bee Better: The Role Of Honey In Modern Wound Care. Adv Sci Technol. 2025 Jan 23.
Doi: 10.1002/Adtp.202400502.
[4]. Tanzi S, Mehedi J, Hasan S. Unlocking The Healing Potential: A Comprehensive Review Of Medical-Grade Honey In Wound Management. Health Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 16;8(1):E70240.
[5]. Aziz Na, Abdullah Mz. A Comprehensive Review Of Honey-Containing Hydrogel For Enhanced Wound Healing And Tissue Regeneration. Gels. 2025 Mar 12;11(3):194.

Abstract: Background: Meniscal injuries of the knee commonly occur following sports-related trauma and road traffic accidents. Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy is widely performed due to minimal morbidity, early rehabilitation, and rapid return to work. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital and included 30 adult patients aged 20–40 years with symptomatic meniscal injuries. All patients underwent arthroscopic partial meniscectomy....

Key Words – Arthroscopy, Partial meniscectomy, Meniscal injury, Lysholm score

[1]. Tapper E.M Hoover N.W, Rochester; Minnestoa “Late Results After Meniscectomy” J:Bone And Joint Surgery,April 1969 Vol 51-A No3 517-526.
[2]. Katz LM, Weitzel PP. Partial Meniscectomy. In Knee Arthroscopy 2009 (Pp. 11-23). Springer, New York, NY.
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[4]. Jeong HJ, Lee SH, Ko CS. Meniscectomy. Knee Surgery & Related Research. 2012 Sep;24(3):129.
[5]. Monk P, Garfjeld Roberts P, Palmer AJ, Bayliss L, Mafi R, Beard D, Hopewell S, Price A. The Urgent Need For Evidence In Arthroscopic Meniscal Surgery: A Systematic Review Of The Evidence For Operative Management Of Meniscal Tears. The American Journal Of Sports Medicine. 2017 Mar;45(4):965-73

Abstract: Resume : La cyclopie est une malformation congénitale caractérisée par la présence d’un seul oeil au milieu du visage. C’est un type d’holoprosencéphalie alobaire. Associée souvent à d’autres malformations, la cyclopie est une malformation incompatible avec la vie. L’échographie est l’examen clé du diagnostic d’où l’intérêt de cet examen au cours de suivi prénatal. Nous rapportons un cas de cyclopie diagnostiqué à l’échographie et prise en charge tôt par interruption médicale. L’objectif était....

[1]. H Soumana Diaouga, M Chaibou Yacouba, Rah M Garba, N Idi, M Nayama Cyclopia (Newborn With One Eye): A Case In Niger, Health Sci. Dis: Vol 23 (10) October 2022 Pp 107-109
[2]. Parizad N, Faraji N, Hassanpour A, Et Al. Cyclopia, A Newborn With A Single Eye, A Rare But Lethal Congenital Anomaly: A Case Report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2021;88:106548.Doi:10.1016/J.Ijscr.2021.106548
[3]. Doumbia A, Koné Y. Cyclopia, A Rare Facial Malformation, In A Referral Health Centre In Bamako: A Case Report. Pan African Medical Journal. 2019; 33:261.
[4]. Ghassan S.A. Salama, Mahmoud A.F. Kaabneh, Mohamed K. Al-Raqad, Ibrahim M.H. Al-Abdallah, Ayoub G. Ashakkoury And Ruba A.A. Halaseh. Cyclopia: A Rare Condition With Unusual Presentation – A Case Report. Clinical Medicine Insights: Paediatrics 2015:9 19–23.
[5]. Dia A. A, D’Almeida F, Mbodji M, Ka M. M. Alobular Holoprosencephaly In The Context Of Polymalformative Syndrome: Contribution Of Imaging, Case Report. Pan African Medical Journal. 2013; 15:83.

Abstract: Introduction : The objective was to report on the situation regarding the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) and the maternal-fetal prognosis in a reference maternity hospital in Niger. Methods : This was a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection conducted at the Issaka Gazoby maternity hospital in Niamey (Niger) over a period of four years (from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2023). Data from 115 HIV-positive pregnant women and women in labour were collected and analysed.
Results......
Methods: A.....

Key Words – Pregnancy, HIV, Mother-to-child transmission, Niger

[1]. Unaids. Joint United Nations Programme On Hiv/Aids. Fact Sheet—Latest Statistics On The Status Of The Aids Epidemic [Online] Accessed January 12, 2025https://Www.Unaids.Org/Fr/Resources/Fact-Sheet.
[2]. Sidaction. How Hiv/Aids Is Transmitted [Online] Accessed October 14, 2025https://Www.Sidaction.Org/Information/Comment-Se-Transmet-Le-Vih-Sida/
[3]. Who. Pmtct/Hiv/Aids [Online] June 30, 2015https://Www.Who.Int/Fr/News/Item/30-06-2015-Who-Validates-Elimination-Ofmother-To-Childtransmission-Of-Hiv-And-Syphilis-In Accessed October 13, 2025.
[4]. Ministry Of Public Health, Population, And Social Affairs Global Progress Report On Aids 2020.National Progress Report-Niger [Online] Https://Www.Unaids.Orgaccessed October 22, 2025.
[5]. Lankoandé Salifouz, Maina O, Guédé S, Magagi R, Hamidou Soumana D, Maizama Gouara A Et Al. Hiv Infection And Pregnancy In Niger: Current Situation At The Issaka Gazoby Maternity Hospital In Niamey. Annals Of The University Of N'djamena. Special Issue - May2024, 171-181.