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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Validated Hptlc Method for Simulteneous Determination of Ceftriaxone Sodium and Sulbactam Sodium in Combined Dosage Form |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Mr. Sanjay S. Malgundkar || Dr. Saira Mulla |
 |
: | 10.9790/3008-09150105  |
Abstract: This paper describes a new simple, accurate and precise HPTLC method for simultaneous estimation Ceftriaxone sodium and Sulbactam sodium as bulk and dry powder for injection in combined dosages form. In this method, the densitograms were developed using mobile phase of Chloroform: Ethyl alcohol: Diethyl amine: Water (12: 7:1:0.4 v/v). Aluminum plate coated with the silica Gel 60 F254 as stationary phase was used. Densitometric evaluation of the separated bands was performed at 285 nm. The Rf values of Ceftriaxone sodium and Sulbactam sodium are 0.31± 0.01 and 0.58 ± Respectively. The method was linear over the concentration range of 400 ng to 1200 ng /spot and 300 ng to 7000 ng/spot of ceftriaxone sodium and Sulbactam sodium respectively. Precision of the method was evaluated by calculating RSD for peak response by inerday and intraday analysis. The results were Ceftriaxone sodium: Inter day RSD of peak response 0.88 % Intraday RSD 1.34 % and for Sulbactam sodium Interday RSD of peak response 1.54% and Intraday RSD 1.22%. Accuracy was determined in terms of percentage recovery at three concentration levels for Ceftriaxone sodium =RSD 1.92 %, 1.84 % and 0.66 % and for sulbactam sodium = 1.69 %, 1.79 % and 0.66 % respectively. Specificity was proved by spectral analysis of cetfriaxone sodium and sulbactam sodium and overlaying the standard spectra and sample spectra respectively .There is no any interference of mobile phase and diluents at the RF values of Ceftriaxone sodium and sulbactam sodium. Validation was done in accordance with the ICH Guidelines.
Key words: High performance thin layer chromatography, microgram , nano gram, Ceftriaxone sodium and Sulbactam sodium.
Key words: High performance thin layer chromatography, microgram , nano gram, Ceftriaxone sodium and Sulbactam sodium.
[1]. Bradley JS, Wassel RT, Lee L, Nambiar S (April 2009). "Intravenous ceftriaxone and calcium in the neonate: assessing the risk for cardiopulmonary adverse events". Pediatrics 123 (4).
[2]. Budavari S, editor. The Merck index. 13th. Whitehouse Station. NJ: Merck & Co; 2001. p. 335.
[3]. The United States Pharmacopoeia, 36th Revision. Rockville, MD: U.S. Pharmacopoeial Convention, Inc; 2013.
[4]. British Pharmacopoeia. II. London: Her M jesty's St tionary Office; 2007. p. 1965.
[5]. Zhao W, Zhang Y, Li Q. Indirect spectrophotometric determination of sodium ceftriaxone with n-propyl alcohol-ammonium sulfate-water system by extraction floatation of copper(II) Clin. Chim. Acta.2008;391:80–848.
[2]. Budavari S, editor. The Merck index. 13th. Whitehouse Station. NJ: Merck & Co; 2001. p. 335.
[3]. The United States Pharmacopoeia, 36th Revision. Rockville, MD: U.S. Pharmacopoeial Convention, Inc; 2013.
[4]. British Pharmacopoeia. II. London: Her M jesty's St tionary Office; 2007. p. 1965.
[5]. Zhao W, Zhang Y, Li Q. Indirect spectrophotometric determination of sodium ceftriaxone with n-propyl alcohol-ammonium sulfate-water system by extraction floatation of copper(II) Clin. Chim. Acta.2008;391:80–848.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Prediction and Detection of Rheumatoid Arthritis SNPs Using Neural Networks |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | K. B. Ramesh || S. J. Shibani Prasad || Dr. B. P. Mallikarjunaswamy || Dr. E. T. Puttaiah |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-09150609 |
Abstract: Rheumatic Arthritis (RA) is the most common disease found in the majority of the populations next to diabetes. RA is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the synovial joints. The genes do contribute for the development of RA and it varies among individuals and between populations in different age group. It is necessary to know the gene factors that are associated with the disease for the better understanding of the underlying causes of the disease. Since RA is an auto-immune disease, it is important to identify the responsible SNPs of RA in order to detect and predict the disease well in advance. Prediction of RA helps in the early diagnosis of the disease and helps in improving the quality of life. This paper gives a detailed review of the existing methods that are used in the prediction of RA SNPs and also an ideology which works on the concept of Neural Network to detect and predict RA if a DNA sequence is given. The outcome of this would help doctors, genetic scientists, pharmacists in understanding the characteristic gene responsible for RA and provide proper diagnosis method and in discovering new drugs.
Keywords: Rheumatoid Arthritis, SNPs, Neural Networks.
Keywords: Rheumatoid Arthritis, SNPs, Neural Networks.
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[2]. Andreas Holzinger , Klaus-Martin Simonic, Pinar Yildirim," Disease-disease relationships for rheumatic diseases", Web-based biomedical textmining and knowledge discovery to assist medical decision making, IEEE 2012.
[3]. Phyo Phyo San, Sai Ho Ling, Nuryani, Hung Nguyen," Evolvable Rough-Block-Based Neural Network and Its Biomedical Application to Hypoglycemia Detection System",IEEE journal 2013.
[4]. Shailendra Singh, Neelam Goel and Trilok Chand Aseri , " A Review of Soft Computing Techniques for Gene Prediction", Department of Computer science and Engineering, February 2013 .
[5]. Mingvi Wang, Ping Wu and Shunren Xis," Improving Performance Of Gene selection By Unsupervised Learning",IEEE international conference on Neural networks and signal Processing,2003.
[2]. Andreas Holzinger , Klaus-Martin Simonic, Pinar Yildirim," Disease-disease relationships for rheumatic diseases", Web-based biomedical textmining and knowledge discovery to assist medical decision making, IEEE 2012.
[3]. Phyo Phyo San, Sai Ho Ling, Nuryani, Hung Nguyen," Evolvable Rough-Block-Based Neural Network and Its Biomedical Application to Hypoglycemia Detection System",IEEE journal 2013.
[4]. Shailendra Singh, Neelam Goel and Trilok Chand Aseri , " A Review of Soft Computing Techniques for Gene Prediction", Department of Computer science and Engineering, February 2013 .
[5]. Mingvi Wang, Ping Wu and Shunren Xis," Improving Performance Of Gene selection By Unsupervised Learning",IEEE international conference on Neural networks and signal Processing,2003.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | The Role of Microbial Biofilms Consisting on the Contact Lenses in Ocular Infection,Taif, KSA |
| Country | : | Saudi Arabia |
| Authors | : | Sherifa Mostafa M. Sabra |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-09151016 |
Abstract: This study was carried out during 2013, from ophthalmic private clinics, Taif, KSA. All patients understudy were complained from using contact lenses (CLs). Incidence of ocular inflammation due to duration of CLs use, that showed the predominate of ocular inflammation were at 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th days as 37.3, 26.7, 18, 10.7 and 7.3% respectively. Incidence of contact lenses type and inflammation affection, that showed the predominate of cosmetics CLs type were 65.3%, then medical type as 34.7%. The predominate inflammation were in bilateral eyes as 57.3%, then unilateral eye as 42.7% respectively. Incidence of local ocular inflammation signs, that showed the predominate signs of ocular inflammation were redness, lacrimation, itching, F.B. sensation, secretion and edema were 72, 68, 56, 48, 36, and 24% respectively. Incidence of CLs biofilm positive for microbial isolates, total CLs were examined 150, which resulted in 64% positive and 36% negative for microbial isolates respectively. Incidence of CLs biofilm microbial isolates types and species, total CLs were examined 96. The bacteria, fungus and protozoa were resulted in 70.8, 20.9, and 8.3% respectively. The predominant isolates were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Staph. aureus, Fusarium spp., Staph. epidermidis, Candida albicans, Acanthamoeba keratitis and Strept. spp., as percentage 22.9, 16.7, 14.6, 11.5, 10.4, 9.4, 8.3 and 6.2% respectively.
Keywords: Ophthalmic clinic, Contact lenses, CLs, Ocular inflammation,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Staph. aureus, Fusarium spp., Staph. epidermidis, Candida albicans, Acanthamoeba keratitis, Strept. spp.
Keywords: Ophthalmic clinic, Contact lenses, CLs, Ocular inflammation,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Staph. aureus, Fusarium spp., Staph. epidermidis, Candida albicans, Acanthamoeba keratitis, Strept. spp.
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[3]. An, D. and Parsek, M., 2007. The promise and peril of transcriptional profiling in biofilm communities. Current Opinion in Microbiology, 10: 292–296.
[4]. Karatan, E. and Watnick, P., 2009. Signals, regulatory networks, and materials that build and break bacterial biofilms. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 73: 310–347.
[5]. Nadell, C., Xavier, J. and Foster, K., 2009. The sociobiology of biofilms. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 33: 206–224.
[2]. Lear, G. and Lewis, G., 2012. Microbial Biofilms: Current Research and Applications. Caister Academic Press.
[3]. An, D. and Parsek, M., 2007. The promise and peril of transcriptional profiling in biofilm communities. Current Opinion in Microbiology, 10: 292–296.
[4]. Karatan, E. and Watnick, P., 2009. Signals, regulatory networks, and materials that build and break bacterial biofilms. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 73: 310–347.
[5]. Nadell, C., Xavier, J. and Foster, K., 2009. The sociobiology of biofilms. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 33: 206–224.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Urinary Elimination and Metabolism of Nitrosamines in Different Dietary Protein Wistar Rat Models |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Kuyooro, S.E., Adebawo, F.G. , Okekearu P. C., Maduagwu, E. N. |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-09151721 |
Abstract: It is necessary to establish comparatively whether or not there are differences in the mode of elimination of Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and /or Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in urine as between different nutritional states of dietary protein. Four groups of albino wistar rats were fed protein free, normal protein repletion, low protein and high protein diets. NDMA was excreted in urine of rats placed on protein free diet at higher quantity (27.19%) than protein repleted rats (19.35%) and in low protein fed rats at a lower amount (22.82%) than in high protein fed rats (32.68%,) after NDMA was given.
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[7]. P.N. Magee and J.M. Barnes, Carcinogenic N-nitrosocompounds, Adv.Cancer. Res., 10, 1967, 163-246.
[8]. T. Platzek, G. Bochert and U. Rahm, Embryotoxicity induced by alkylating agents relationship, between application route and phase specificity, Arch. Toxicol,. 52, 1983, 45-69.
[3]. B.S.Alam, I.B Saporochetz, and Epstein , Formation of w-nitrosopiperidine from piperidine and sodium nitrite in the stomach and the isolated intestinal loop of the rat, Nature, 232 , 1971, 116-118.
[4]. B.C. Chalis, Nutrition and nitrosamine formation, Proc. Of Nutr. Soc., 44, 1985, 195-200.
[5]. R.C. Shank, Toxicology of N-nitrosocompounds, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 31, 1975, 361-368.
[6]. K.H. Kohda, T. Anjo, M. Mochizuki, Y. Kawazoe,and M. Okada, Mutagen city of α-acetoxydenvatives of N-methyl-n-dibenzyl-nitrosamine in V-cells, A comparison between methylating and benzylating mutagens, Grann 73 (4), 1982, 517-521.
[7]. P.N. Magee and J.M. Barnes, Carcinogenic N-nitrosocompounds, Adv.Cancer. Res., 10, 1967, 163-246.
[8]. T. Platzek, G. Bochert and U. Rahm, Embryotoxicity induced by alkylating agents relationship, between application route and phase specificity, Arch. Toxicol,. 52, 1983, 45-69.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Morphological changes in liver, kidney tissues of animals' exposure to lead acetate |
| Country | : | Iraq |
| Authors | : | Sahar H. Abdul Kareem |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-09152223 |
Abstract: The study was carried out to evaluate changes induced by lead acetate toxicity in 20 wistar rats which were divided into 3 different groups I, II and III. Animals of group I received singlnormal saline only as a control group. G II received one injection intraperitoneally of lead acetate (8 mg) only, while group III received lead acetate and herbs extract of Cyprus esculentus (drinking with water for period of 4 weeks). Rats were sacrificed on 15th and 30 days of treatment and tissues obtained for histological evaluation included liver, kidney, and heart .Liver tissue showed changes ,necrosis with depleasion in the glycoprotein granules inside the hepatocyte cells , there is no changes in kidney and heart tissue .
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[3.] - Simpson D A and Inglis C A.;2001: Cyperaceae of economic, ethnobotanical and horticultural importance . Kew Bulletin. 56:
257-360.
[4.] - Biswas NM1 GhoshP ,SahidRameswarVidyamandir , 2004; Effect of lead on male gonadal activity in Albino Rat. Kathmandu
University Medical Journal ; 2(1):43-46
[5.] Charton E.; 1999: Reduction and replacement of animal tests in the European Pharmacopoeia: recent developments for
monographs on biological substances .Phamaaeuropa 11:197-199.
[6.] Neathery MW, Miller WJ .1975; Metabolism and toxicity of cadmium,
– 166 .
[2.] Chauhan, R.S.; Khurana, S.K. and Mahipal, S.K.; 1995: Pathology of chronic lead poisoning inchicken.Ind.J.Toxicol: 2:56.
[3.] - Simpson D A and Inglis C A.;2001: Cyperaceae of economic, ethnobotanical and horticultural importance . Kew Bulletin. 56:
257-360.
[4.] - Biswas NM1 GhoshP ,SahidRameswarVidyamandir , 2004; Effect of lead on male gonadal activity in Albino Rat. Kathmandu
University Medical Journal ; 2(1):43-46
[5.] Charton E.; 1999: Reduction and replacement of animal tests in the European Pharmacopoeia: recent developments for
monographs on biological substances .Phamaaeuropa 11:197-199.
[6.] Neathery MW, Miller WJ .1975; Metabolism and toxicity of cadmium,
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Hypothyroidism induced by carbimazole in diabetic mice and its Management Using Parsley and Eruca sativa oil. |
| Country | : | Iraq |
| Authors | : | Mahera N. Al-Shaikh; Tala AL . Abdul Wahab, Sahar H. Abdul Kareem |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-09152427 |
Abstract: Hypothyroidism induced by carbimazole in diabetic mice was studied in 20 animals and partially protective by using parsley and Eruca sativa oil . Animals was divided into 4 groups :
Animals of group I received normal saline only as a control group. Group II, III, and IV received intraperitonally a single dose of 100 mg / kg body weight of alloxan to induce diabetes . Groups II, III , IV treated daily with carbimazole (0.6 mg/kg ) for period of 60 days to obtain a clinical-physiological status of thyroid dysfunction in the animals , group III received oil of Arugula (Eruca sativa) herb as (0.02 ml/kg) mice body weight .While group IV received crud of parsley (Petroleum crispum) leaves .
[1] Tiwari, A.K. and MadhusudanaRao, J.: Diabetes mellitus and multiple therapeutic approaches of phytochemicals:Present status and future prospects.Curr. Sci.2002 , , 83:30-38.
[2] Saravanan, G. and Pari, L.: Effect of an herbal drug cogentdb on plasma and tissue glycoproteins in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Res. J. Med. Plant,2002, 1:83-91.
[3] Bobb, A., Gale, D., Manmohan, S., Mohammed, A.,Seetahal, F., Small, P., and Mungrue, K.: The impactof the chronic disease assistance plan (CDAP) on the control of type 2 diabetes in Trinidad. Diabetes Res. Clin.Pract.,2002 80:360-364,.
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[6] PalanisamyPasupathi,* GovindaswamyBakthavathsalam, ,GanesanSaravanan,** RamachandranSundaramoorthi Screening for Thyroid Dysfunction in the Diabetic/Non-Diabetic Population. Thyroid Science, 2008 , 3(8):CLS1-6
[2] Saravanan, G. and Pari, L.: Effect of an herbal drug cogentdb on plasma and tissue glycoproteins in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Res. J. Med. Plant,2002, 1:83-91.
[3] Bobb, A., Gale, D., Manmohan, S., Mohammed, A.,Seetahal, F., Small, P., and Mungrue, K.: The impactof the chronic disease assistance plan (CDAP) on the control of type 2 diabetes in Trinidad. Diabetes Res. Clin.Pract.,2002 80:360-364,.
[4] Firoozrai, M., Nourbakhsh, M., and Razzaghy-Azar, M.: Erythrocyte susceptibility to oxidative stress and antioxidant status in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Res. Clin.Pract.,2002 , 77:427-432.
[5] Saravanan, G. and Pari, L.: Hypoglycaemic and antihyperglycaemic effect of syzygiumcumini bark in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J. Pharmacol.Toxicol.,2002 , 3:1-10.
[6] PalanisamyPasupathi,* GovindaswamyBakthavathsalam, ,GanesanSaravanan,** RamachandranSundaramoorthi Screening for Thyroid Dysfunction in the Diabetic/Non-Diabetic Population. Thyroid Science, 2008 , 3(8):CLS1-6
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Elimination and Prevention of Microbial Colonization of Central Venous Catheters Using Antibiotic Lock Technique and Non- Leachable Form of Catheter Surface Incorporated Antibiotic by Gamma Radiation |
| Country | : | Egypt |
| Authors | : | Hala A. Farrag, Alaa El-Dien M.S. Hosny, Amr El Hag Ali, Soheir A.A. Hagras |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-09152833 |
Abstract: test the efficacy of antibiotic lock technique (ALT) and catheter material modification for
the eradication and prevention of biofilm formation on central venous catheters (CVCs). Methods: Four
resistant clinical isolates, namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacterbaumannii, Klebsiellapneumoniae
and Candida tropicalis were used to study the effectiveness of ALT using levofloxacin (for bacteria) or
fluconazole (for candida) to eliminate microbial biofilms.
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[2]. Biering-Sorensen F. (2002). "Urinary tract infection in individuals with spinal cord lesion. Curr. Opin. Urol. 12, 45–49.
[3]. Capdevila JA, Gavalda J and Pahissa A (1996) Antibiotic-lock technique: usefulness and controversies. Antimicrob. Infect. Dis. News 15, 9–16.
[4]. Casey AL and Elliott TS (2010) Prevention of central venous catheter-related infection: update. Br. J. Nurs. 19:78–87.
[5]. Charlesby A (1960) Atomic Radiation and Polymers. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
[6]. Cherifi S, Mascart G, Dediste A, Hallin M, Gerard M, Lamber ML and Byl B (2013) Variations in catheter-related bloodstream infections rates based on local practices. Antimicrobial resistance and infection control 2(10).
[7]. Costerton JW, Stewart PS and Greenberg EP (1999) Bacterial biofilms: A common cause of persistent infections. Science 284, 1318-1322.
[8]. Del Pozo JL (2009) Role of antibiotic lock therapy for the treatment of catheter-related blood stream infections. Int. J. Artif. Organs 32:678–688.
[2]. Biering-Sorensen F. (2002). "Urinary tract infection in individuals with spinal cord lesion. Curr. Opin. Urol. 12, 45–49.
[3]. Capdevila JA, Gavalda J and Pahissa A (1996) Antibiotic-lock technique: usefulness and controversies. Antimicrob. Infect. Dis. News 15, 9–16.
[4]. Casey AL and Elliott TS (2010) Prevention of central venous catheter-related infection: update. Br. J. Nurs. 19:78–87.
[5]. Charlesby A (1960) Atomic Radiation and Polymers. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
[6]. Cherifi S, Mascart G, Dediste A, Hallin M, Gerard M, Lamber ML and Byl B (2013) Variations in catheter-related bloodstream infections rates based on local practices. Antimicrobial resistance and infection control 2(10).
[7]. Costerton JW, Stewart PS and Greenberg EP (1999) Bacterial biofilms: A common cause of persistent infections. Science 284, 1318-1322.
[8]. Del Pozo JL (2009) Role of antibiotic lock therapy for the treatment of catheter-related blood stream infections. Int. J. Artif. Organs 32:678–688.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Apoptosis: Its Physiological Implication And Therapeutic Possibilities |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Chidinma Adanna Levi, Vincent C. Ejere, Chinweike Norman Asogwa, Pamela Iweh, Kate Uchechi Nwatu and Uzochi E. Levi. |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-09153441 |
Abstract: Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death (PCD) which usually occurs in multicellular organisms. In this case, biochemical events leads to morphological cell changes and death. Some of these changes are blebbing, cell shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation, chromatin condensation and chromosomal Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) fragmentation. Apoptosis is however distinct from necrosis which is a form of traumatic cell death that results from acute cellular injury.
[1] Bedi, A., Pasricha, P. J., Akhtar, A. J., Barber, J. P., Bedi, G. C., Giardiello, F. M., Zehnbauer, B. A., Hamilton, S. R. and Jones, R. J. (1995). Inhibition of apoptosis during development of colorectal cancer. Cancer Research, 55(9): 1811-1816.
[2] Bellamy, C. O. (1997). P53 and apoptosis. British Medical Bulletin, 53(3): 522-538.
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[5] Brune, B., Von Knethen, A. and Sandau, K. B. (1999). Nitric oxide (NO): an effector of apoptosis. Cell Death and Differentiation, 6(10): 969-975.
[2] Bellamy, C. O. (1997). P53 and apoptosis. British Medical Bulletin, 53(3): 522-538.
[3] Bohm, I. (2003). Disruption of the cytoskeleton after apoptosis induction by autoantibodies. Autoimmunity, 36:183–189
[4] Brown, R. (1996). The Bcl-2 family of proteins. British Medical Bulletin, 53(3): 466-477.
[5] Brune, B., Von Knethen, A. and Sandau, K. B. (1999). Nitric oxide (NO): an effector of apoptosis. Cell Death and Differentiation, 6(10): 969-975.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Oxidative status for Iraqi young female patients with diabetes mellitus type one |
| Country | : | Iraq |
| Authors | : | Perry H. saifullah", "Yahiya D.al-saadi", "Rawaa M. Mohammed Diaa" |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-09154246 |
Abstract: The study attempts to investigates the relationship between diabetes patients and controls represented by levels of (fasting blood sugar, glutathione_s transferase ,blood urea, and Malone di aldehyde)in Iraqi young female patients with DM1 without complications. The study groups consisted of 66 patients with DM1 (15_30years) and 22 controls young female .
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[6] Guengerich F.P. : metabolism and genetoxicity of dihabalkanes .Adv. pharmacol.(1994); 27:211.
[2] periodontology medical, volume 44, 2007, 127-153.
[3] International Journal of research inAuruvede and pharmacy , volume1, Issue1,sep _oct 2010,33-42.
[4] Al- Kazzaz,F.F.; Saif-Alah,P.H ; Nasif,Z.N(2005) Molecular Characterization and Determination the Level of Oxidation Stress and Some Anti Oxidant in Iraqi Women With Breast Tumors ,Msc.thesis , college of science , Al-Mustansiriyah University.
[5] Guengerich FP, Their R, persmark M., Taylor T.B., pemble S.E., Ketterer B.: conjucation of carcinogens by theta glasss glutathione s- transferase :Mechanisms and relerance to varicetion in human risk. Pharmacogenetics (1995);5:3.
[6] Guengerich F.P. : metabolism and genetoxicity of dihabalkanes .Adv. pharmacol.(1994); 27:211.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Determination of Kaempferol in extracts of Fusarium chlamydosporum, an endophyticfungi of Tylophora indica (Asclepeadaceae) and its anti-microbial activity |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Pratibha Chaturvedi, Srikant Gajbhiye, Soumen Roy, Rohan Dudhale, Abhay Chowdhary |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-09155155 |
Abstract:Present study describes the characterization and quantification of Kaempferol from methanolic and aqueous extracts of Fusarium chlamydosporum ,an endophytic fungi isolated from Tylophora indica stem. MTT assay was done to examine its cytotoxicity. The CC50 values in both the extracts were 10mg/ml concentration The methanolic extract also exhibited antibacterial activity against drug resistant strains of Psuedomonas aerugenosa and MRSA with an MIC of 500 μg/ml concentration. The HPTLC analysis exhibited the presence of Kaempferol at 0. 21% in aqueous and 0.24% in methanolic extracts. Presence of Kaempferol in Fusarium chlamydosporum(endophytic fungi) in stem of Tylophora indica and its antibacterial activity are not well documented till date.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Assessment of Some Commercial Fruit Juices Commonly Consumed In Federal University Of Technology-Owerri (FUTO) By Microbiological Indices |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Maduka,H.C.C., Onuorah,O.R., Okpogba A.N. Ugwu C.E , Ogueche P.N., Dike C.C., Maduka, A.A. |
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: | 10.9790/3008-09155658 |
Abstract: A lot of beverages (fruit juices) are packaged and supplied commercially in owerri metropolis and consumed in Federal University of Technology, Owerri (FUTO). Some of these commercial fruit juices consumed in FUTO were assessed by microbiological indices. This was done by subjecting five group of fruit juices samples labeled R1-R5 to microbiological screening of the common bacteria contaminants of foods and beverages..The microbial parameters used as indices for analysis were bacteria counts and most probable number (MPN).The bacteria that were screened for include:Escherichia coli ( E.coli),Klebsiella pneumonia(K. pneumonia), Staphylococcus areus(S. areus),Salmonella typhimurium(S. typhmurium) and Streptococcus faecalis(S. faecalis).The MPN were:1,3,2,2 ,for R1,R2,R4, and R5.There were no MPN for R3 .The % bacteria count were 34.15 %, 14.63 %,34.15 %,17.07 %,for E. coli, K. pneumoniae, S. aureus, and S. faecalis respectively. There was no bacteria count for S.typhmurium. Since none of the above mentioned species was detected in R3 sample, it is safe for human consumption. The presence of the bacteria species in the other samples shows that the samples were contaminated even though the colonies of bacteria detected were not significant to cause infection.
Key words: Bacteria counts, Fruit juice, and Microbial screening .
[1 ] NA .Amusa, OA. Ashaye, MO .Aiyegbayo, MO.Oladapo, O. Afolabi, OO. Microbiological, Nutritional quality of hawked sorrel drinks(Soborodo, the Nigerian locally brewed soft drinks) widely consumed in Nigeria. Int. J. Fd. Agric. Env. 2005; 3(4):47-50.
[2] A A. Adebesin, OT.Saromi, N A. Amusa, S O. Fagade, Microbiological quality of some groundnut products hawked in Bauchi, a Nigerian city. J. Fd. Tech. 2001; 6:35-8.
[3] A A , Franke AV .Cooney, SM .Henning, I J. Cluster, Bioavailability and antioxidant effects of orange juice components in humans. J. Agric. Fd. Chem. 2005; 53(13):5170-8.
[4] N A. Amusa O A. Asheye, Effect of processing on nutritional, microbiological and sensory properties of Kunu-Zaki (A sorghum based non-alcoholic beverage)widely consumed in Nigeria. Pak. J. Nutr. 2009;8(3):288-92.
[5] E M. Kurowska, J D.Spence, J. Jordan, S. Wetmore, D J. Freeman, L A. Piche, HDL-Cholesterol-raising effect of orange juice in subjects with hypercholesterolemia. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2000;72(5):1095-100.
[6] M L. Kwan, G. Block, A. Selvins, S.Month PA. Buffler, Food consumption by children and risk of childhood acute leukemia. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2004;160(11):1098-107.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus among healthy students at Diyala University, Diyala, Iraq |
| Country | : | Iraq |
| Authors | : | Mohammed Khaleefah Khudir, Abdul-Lateef Molan |
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: | 10.9790/3008-09155961 |
Abstract:Globally, cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an extremely common viral infection and is one of the most common causes of congenital infections. Although infection with CMV in immunocompetent individuals is self-limiting, infection in immunocompromised individuals is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Consequently, CMV establishes a latent lifetime infection that may be reactivated by changed immune status. Despite its high prevalence, the epidemiology of CMV in the general population is incompletely understood. The purpose of the present study was to assess the CMV seroprevalence in a group of male and female students at Diyala University, Diyala, Iraq during 2012.
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