iosr-JPBS   Volume-13 ~ Issue-2 ~ March-April 2018

Abstract: Biosurfactants are amphiphilic biological compounds produced extracellularly as a part of cell membranes by a variety of yeast, bacteria and filamentous fungi. Specifically, lipopeptide biosurfactant are produced by Bacillus subtilis species and are classified into three types: surfactin, iturin and fengycins. The biochemical mechanism for their biosynthesis depends upon non-ribosomal peptide synthetases. Particularly, surfactin synthesis is dependent upon surfactin synthetase operon which is regulated by complex cascade of reactions. Biosurfactants play an extravagant role and have varied industrial and environmental applications. This study focuses upon production of surfactin and to demonstrate its activity against bacteria and biofilm formation. Its use is also demonstrated in water purification stain removal.

Keywords: Biosurfactant, surfactin, Bacillus subtilis, biofilm, water filtration, stain removal.

Abstract: The coronary arteries supply blood to the heart muscle and no alternative blood supply exists, so a blockage in the coronary arteries reduces the supply of blood to heart muscle. Most ischemic heart disease is caused by atherosclerosis, usually present even when the artery lumens appear normal by angiography. Most patients have more than one health condition, and therefore the assessment of comorbidity is important for patient care, for quality assurance, and for the evaluation of therapy. Comorbid diseases may affect multiple clinical outcomes, including mortality, functional capacity, quality of life, and cost. Clinical intuition tells us that diabetes, for example, has a strong effect on all of these outcomes and thus that the presence or absence of diabetes should be considered in the management of patients with coronary disease. Other comorbid conditions, such as chronic lung disease or renal insufficiency, probably have detrimental effects on outcome. Comorbid conditions in a patient with coronary disease may affect outcome directly or indirectly by reducing the patient's physiologic reserve and thereby increasing the risk of adverse outcome of coronary disease..

Keywords: Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperlipidemia, Alcoholism, Smoking.

Abstract: A non-pathogenic lactic acid bacterium, Weissella confusa AJ79, isolated from uttapam batter fermented supplementing with Piper betle L. leaves, was screened and found to produce multiple antibacterial peptides (bacteriocins). An antibacterial peptide (ABP), BAC79, released in cell-free supernatant was purified by SP-Sepharose fast flow cation exchange chromatography, C18 Sep-pak cartridge hydrophobic interaction chromatography, and Sephadex G-25 (superfine) gel permeation chromatography. The molecular weight of the BAC79 was about 5 kDa analyzed using Tris-tricine SDS-PAGE. The peptide mass fingerprint data analysis of the trypsin-digested bacteriocin BAC79 using MASCOT server had shown that it was an unknown ABP as the de novo MS/MS amino acid sequence analysis had no homology with any reported bacteriocin or ABP. The ABP BAC79 was found to be active and stable at different pH and temperature; sensitive to proteolytic enzymes, stable with different detergents and inhibited a number...........

Keywords: Bacteriocins; lactic acid bacteria; peptides; proteomics; preservatives

Abstract: Titre : Abcès de cornée sur lentilles de contact: profil épidémiologique, clinique, microbiologique et thérapeutique: à propos de 20 cas Title: Contact lens abscess: epidemiological, clinical, microbiological and therapeutic profile: about 20 cases Authors: : IhsaneSabrane, Kawtarbelkhadir, MeryemElikhloufi, Sofia Saoudi, ImaneBendali, ZakariaMoiz, AbdellahAmazouzi, OuafaeCherkaoui.........

Abstract: Alternative protein sources are constantly explored to secure the future food and protein demand. Among these sources, biomasses originating from algae[1]. Building on the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization's (FAO) food demand projections, it's estimated that the world needs to close a 70 percent "food gap" between the crop calories available in 2006 and expected calorie demand in 2050 [12], in these review we evaluate seaweed as a source of protein as the future of food production worldwide. .It is clear that seaweeds (microalgae) represent a sustainable source of various bioactive natural carotenoids and proteins [6,10]. However, Several studies show that safety hazards for seaweed may include iodine, ANFs, heavy metals, radioactive isotopes.......

Keywords: Seaweed, protein, food cap, nutrition, heavy metals, health hazards, human consumption, harmful algal blooms, Algae

Abstract: Microbial analysis of oral flora of individual from ten to sixty years was carried out alongside with sensitivity test, using routine microbiological methods. Plant extraction and phytochemical analysis was also carried out using standard chemical technique. Total Bacterial Count (TBC) obtained from male subject before mouth brushing with R.acuminata, ranged from 4.4x104cfu/ml to 8.1x104cfu/ml and 2.1x103cfu/m1 to 3.6x103cfu/ml after brushing. TBC obtained from female subject before brushing ranged from 4.4x104cfu/ml to 8.1x104cfu/ml and 1.7 x103 cfu/ml to 3.6 x103 cfu/ml after brushing. TBC obtained from male subject before brushing with Garcinia manii ranged from 3.9x104 cfu/ml to 6.9x104 cfu/ml and 2.0 x103 cfu/ml to 3.3 x103 cfu/ml after brushing. TBC obtained from........

Abstract: The interaction between terpenoids of Betulinic Acid (BA) and Ursolic Acid (UA) binding with calf thymus-double strand deoxyribose nucleic acid (Ct-(ds) DNA) was studied by employing UV absorption, fluorescence, cyclic voltammetric and molecular modeling techniques. All studies were confirmed that the structural changes of DNA were binding to the terpenoids. From the CV results positive shift in peak potential and increased peak current of the terpenoid in the presence of DNA and then the fluorescence quenching of DNA-terpenoids system indicated the intercalative mode of binding between flavonoid and DNA. Molecular docking simulation methods are used as tools to delineate the binding mode and probable location of the terpenoids and their effects on the stability and conformation of Ct-(ds) DNA. Furthermore, Betulinic acid can bind more potential with Ct-(ds) DNA than ursolic acid. This is helpful to understand the molecular aspects of binding mode and provides direction.......

Keywords: Terpenoids; Ct-(ds) DNA; Interaction; Spectroscopy; Cyclic voltammetry; Docking.

Abstract: The presence of synthetic textile dyes in aqueous effluents, out streamed by industries causes terrible environmental pollution. Most of the synthetic textile dyes are recalcitrant, poisonous and degradation resistant, hence, naturally occurring polymers have been found to be an exceptional substance for biotechnological utilization due to having their distinct properties like biological compatibility with existing environment, non-toxicity and biodegradability. Chitosan, a deacetylated compound of chitin obtained from skin of crustacean fish is (1→ 4) 2- amino 2-deoxy β – D glucan and is now a familiar biodegradable polymer metabolized by human enzymes. It can be prepared as interpenetrating network of hydrogel as micro and nano sized beads, having a positive charge at wide pH range. These beads are attempted to remove some of metals and other pollutant from water. Chitosan beads of varying composition and crosslinked with glutaraldehyde have been prepared by us to study their removal efficiency for dyes and beads have been specified by using SEM and FTIR techniques. Experiments to study the swelling.........

Key words: Dye, Effluent, FTIR, SEM, XRD, CRE

Abstract: Anchomanes difformis (Blume) Engl. Pallidus, commonly known as forest Anchomanes is a plant of the family Araceae in the order Aralesindigenous to the African continent. Anchomanes difformis is a multipurpose plant that has been used broadly in treatment of a variety of ailments traditionally. It has been used traditionally in the treatment of Hernia, oedema, constipation, heartburns, tuberculosis, prostatitis Anuria, constipation, scabies, rheumatism, asthma, diarrhea, vertigo Epilepsy, leprosy, diabetes, sleeping sickness, psychiatric illness Jaundice, filariasis, Kidney pain. Studies have been carried out on the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic, anti-ulcer, anti-microbial, antioxidant, diuretic and laxative effects of the plant

Key words: Anchomanes difformis, Araceae, multipurpose plant, antioxidant

Abstract: In Brazil, species Eugenia pisiformis Cambess (Myrtaceae) occurs in the Atlantic Forest, showing occurrence records in the states of Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo, Maranhão and Bahia. This species is an abundant bush, presenting discolored green leaves, crossed opposite, green calyx of flowers, corolla and white stamens, ripe fruit being orange yellow colored. A specimen of E. pisiformis was collected in Itatiaia National Park, State of Rio de Janeiro and its branches and fruits were dried, crushed and subjected to cold extraction by maceration with ethanol. LC-MS analysis of these extracts showed the presence of a mixture of glycosylated derivatives of ellagic acid in their chemical composition. Ellagic acid is well-known for its antimicrobial, antitumor and antioxidant properties which have been broadly reported in the literature. Hence, fruits and branches of this plant might be a potential source of this pharmacologically important secondary metabolite and its derivatives.

Key words: Eugenia pisiformis, LC-MS, ellagic acid, bioactive compound

Abstract: Poor aqueous solubility is a major obstacle in the development of highly effective formulation of many drugs which affect the stability and bioavailability of drug formulation. A novel technique, solid lipid nanoparticles has been developed as a strategy to overcome poor water solubility of drugs. The reduction of drug particle to the nano-level increases the surface area and improves solubility and dissolution of drug and proportionate increase in the bioavailability of poorly water soluble drugs. OlmesartanMedoxomil, antihypertensive drug used as model drug to improve its aqueous solubility, dissolution rate & ultimately bioavailability by preparing solid lipid nanoparticles using solvent emulsification-evaporation method. The prepared solid lipid nanoparticles were characterized by SEM, FTIR, DSC and XRD. The solubility profile was compared with pureOlmesartanMedoxomiland found that more than three-fold increase in solubility of OlmesartanMedoxomil SLNs. In vitro release of OLMSLNs formulation was shown to be improved as compared to pure drug..

Key words: OlmesartanMedoxomil solid lipid nanoparticles (OLMSLNs), Solubility, Entrapment efficiency, FTIR analysis, In-Vitro release.

Abstract: La primo-infection par Herpes simplex virus type 1 est dans la majorité des cas asymptomatique. Les formes symptomatiques atteignent le plus souvent la sphère oropharyngée. Lesprimo-infections oculaires symptomatiques sont encore plus rares, dominées par les conjonctivites et les kératites épithéliales. L'atteinte palpébrale isolée est exceptionnelle. Nous rapportons le cas d'un enfant de 7 ans, sans antécédents pathologiques connus, qui s'est présenté aux urgences pour oedème, érythème et douleurde la paupière inférieure gauche évoluant dans un contexte fébrile depuis 2 jours. L'examen clinique trouve un oedème de la paupière inférieure gauche avec des lésions vésiculeuses en bouquet. L'examen biomicroscopique de l'oeil gauche ne trouve pas de signes de conjonctivite ni de kératite. Le fond de l'oeil est sans particularités. Une primo-infectionherpétiquepalpébrale a été évoquée devant l'aspect clinique et l'absence d'infection.............

Abstract: Bio-efficacy of chlorpyrifos 20 EC and cypermethrin 25EC was evaluated for two consecutive years in field trials conducted on pigeon pea crop against pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera. Using RBD, these pesticides were sprayed two times on pigeon pea crop, one at the stage of 50% flowering and another after 15 days of first spraying i.e. after the interval of two weeks. Performance of chlorpyrifos was evaluated at spray concentrations of 0.05, 0.07 and 0.1% and cypermethrin at spray concentrations of 0.0075, 0.0125 and 0.0175%. In all spray treatments, significant reduction in pod damage was noticed as compared to 20.33% in untreated plot. Although higher concentrations of of chlorpyrifos (0.1%) and cypermethrin (0.0175%) were superior to lower concentrations of chlorpyrifos i.e. 0.05, 0.07% and cypermethrin i.e. 0.0075, 0.0125%, respectively. Among the two pesticides chlorpyrifos provided better control on pod borer, H.armigera. The pod damage ranged from 7.16 to 10% and 11.49 to 17.99% with respect to spray treatments of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin, respectively..

Key words: Bio-efficacy, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin,Helicoverpaarmigera, infestation, pigeon pea, pod borer,pods,