iosr-JPBS   Volume-10 ~ Issue-3 ~ May-June 2015

Abstract: This study was carried out with an objective to investigate the antibacterial and antifungal potential of Bark and leaves of Cordia macleodii Hook. Antibacterial activity of Ethanolic extracts of the Bark and leaves was carried out against four bacteria – Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Comamonas testosteroni and Pseudomonas plecoglossicida. The antifungal activity of the extracts was evaluated on three common pathogenic fungi Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. The testing was done by the agar plate method. Zones of inhibition of extracts were compared with that of different standard like Ciprofloxacin for antibacterial activity and fluconazole for antifungal activity. The extracts showed antibacterial and antifungal activities comparable with that of standard against the organisms tested. Only bark extract of Cordia macleodii Hook showed positive results for two bacteria Comamonas testosteroni and Pseudomonas plecoglossicida out of all tested. The percentage inhibition value were found to be in range of 6mm to 9mm aginst Pseudomonas plecoglossicida and 7mm at the concentration of 100mg/ml of extract against Comamonas testosteroni but the other two concentration 50 and 25mg/ml showed no effect. The results showed that the inhibition of the bacterial growth was more pronounced on Pseudomonas plecoglossicida and Comamonas testosteroni as compared to the other tested organisms. The extract did not show the antifungal activity against all tested fungus.

Ke words: Antibacterial, antifungal, Cordia macleodii Hook.

Abstract: Envenomation resulting from snake bite is an important public health problem in tropical countries like Southeast Asia and throughout Indian subcontinent. Snake bite is associated with myriad of complications that can be life threatening .We hereby report a 23 year old countryman who was bitten by Russell's viper and was treated with antivenom and other medications. Although he recovered from the acute effects, he remained feeling unwell and was diagnosed one month later with hypopituitarism, an unusual complication of endocrine system. Replacement started with essential hormones such as hydrocortisone and Levo-Thyroxine. Keywords: Hypopituitarism, Russell's viper.

Abstract: The aim of the following research was to formulate benzyl benzoate in emulgel form and to evaluate the release of the medicament from it. Emulgel containing 25% w/w of benzyl benzoate was prepared by addition of a gelling agent; Carbopol 934 to an emulsion using Span 80 as emulsifying agent. The release of benzyl benzoate was determined by Franz diffusion cell using cellulose acetate membrane for a period of five hours at 32°C. Benzyl benzoate was analyzed by ultra-violet (UV) Spectrophotometer at 256 nm. The prepared formula of benzyl benzoate emulgel proved to be more efficient than other externally applied topical preparations as lotion, ointment and gel.

Keywords: benzyl benzoate; Carpopol 934; emulgel; Franz diffusion cell

Abstract: In developing countries, an extensive use of insecticides to meet with increased agricultural needs is inevitable and the indiscriminate use and misuse of insecticides results in acute poisoning of the biosystems. The sublethal toxicity of the insecticide Ekalux on the fingerlings of Labeo rohita was evaluated to determine its effect on the haematological values. The acute and sublethal toxicity of the insecticide "Ekalux" on the fingerlings of Labeo rohita was evaluated to determine its effect on the haematological values. The fish was exposed to varying levels of the toxicant concentrations using static bioassay to determine the median lethal concentration.