IOSR-JHSS   Volume-31 ~ Issue-9 ~ Sep. 2026

Abstract: Background: Peer pressure is a subtle yet powerful force that shapes human behaviour, often in ways that go unnoticed. While it is commonly associated with adolescence, the research in this project reveals that it continues to influence people well into adulthood, affecting education, career paths, lifestyle choices, and personal relationships. Through this inquiry, I sought to explore both its constructive and destructive sides, how it can motivate growth.....

Key Words: Peer pressure; Social influence; Decision-making; Adolescents; Anxiety; Indian society.

[1]. American Psychological Association. Peer pressure. In: APA Dictionary of Psychology. American Psychological Association.
[2]. Steinberg L, Monahan KC. Age differences in resistance to peer influence. Dev Psychol. 2007;43(6):1531-1543.
[3]. Gardner M, Steinberg L. Peer influence on risk taking, risk preference, and risky decision making in adolescence and adulthood: an experimental study. Dev Psychol. 2005;41(4):625-635.
[4]. Brechwald WA, Prinstein MJ. Beyond homophily: a decade of advances in understanding peer influence processes. J Res Adolesc. 2011;21(1):166-179.
[5]. Albert D, Chein J, Steinberg L. The teenage brain: peer influences on adolescent decision making. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2013;22(2):114-120..

Abstract: Hydro-geographic imagery is a core symbol in Dongpo Ci that embodies natural aesthetics and philosophical contemplation. Su Shi often drew upon the vicissitudes of rivers, lakes and seas to voice his sentiments about the fortunes of life and to construct a grand artistic conception of time and space. However, owing to the differences between Chinese and Western languages in linguistic structure, views of nature and aesthetic orientations, the English translation of hydrographic imagery confronts numerous difficulties at both the micro and macro levels. Drawing on......

Keywords: Dongpo Ci; hydrographic imagery; English translation; cultural transmission; translation strategies

[1] Xu Yuanchong. The Art of Translation [M]. Beijing: China Intercontinental Press, 2006.
[2] Xu Yuanchong. Literature and Translation [M]. Beijing: Peking University Press, 2003.
[3] Xu Yuanchong. Xu Yuanchong’s Classic English Translations of 1,000 Ancient Chinese Poems [M]. Beijing: Dolphin Press, 2015.
[4] Xu Xiaohong, Wang Enuo. A Study of the English Translation of Tang Poetry Titles from the Perspective of the Four-Step Translation Theory [J]. Modern Linguistics, 2022, 10(2): 244-251.

Abstract: This paper examines the figurative mistranslation in the Bible. Translation is a process that necessities a complex and discourse processing for it to be successful. It is a decision-making process which is under constraints such as time, space, quality of information, context and culture among others. Translation is the mediation between the writer and the target language reader in order to relay the message of the source text into the target text successfully. Mistranslation.......

Key Words: figurative language, mistranslation, source text, target text, the Bible and Kĩkamba.

[1]. Baker, M. (1992). In Other Words; A course book on Translation. London: Routledge.
[2]. Baker, M. (1993). Corpus linguistics and translation studies: Implications and applications. Text and technology: In Honour of John Sinclair, 233, 250.
[3]. Beekman, J. and Callow J.C. (1974). Translating the word of God. Grand Rapids: Zonderman.
[4]. Benjamin, W. (1997). The translator’s task. Trans. Steven Rendall. TTR: traduction, terminologie, reduction, 10, 151-165.
[5].
Blumenberg, H. (1960). Paradigmen zu einer Metaphorologie. Bonn: Bouvier and Co.
[6]. Bredin, H. (1998). Comparison and Similes. Lingua 105, 67-78.

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Abstract: Among the global HIV/AIDS targets is 95% of all people living with HIV to know their HIV status by 2025. Kenya adopted a Home-based HIV Testing and Counseling (HBHTC) policy to accelerate HIV testing among men who are typically hard-to-reach. Despite this effort, men are showing significantly lower uptake of HBHTC services compared to women. In Siaya the HIV prevalence is 21% compared to the national average of 4.8% among adults. However, reports.....

Key words: Home-based HIV testing and counseling services, masculinity, uptake..

[1]. Adepoju, V. A., Udah, D.C., Adnani, Q.E., Ahmed,M.M., & Okesanya, O.J. (2024). Uptake and acceptability of HIV self- testing among pregnant and postpartum women and their male partners in Sub-Saharan Africa. Benefits and Challenges and Delivery Strategies. HIV/AIDS- Research and Palliative care 16, 467-476.
[2]. Anudo, N., C & Awuor E.Q. (2016). The portrayal of masculinity in Dholuo ohangla music. Journal of language, Technology and entrepreneurship in Africa 7(2) 12-22. Aronica,Crawford, Licherdell & Onoh (n.d) Core Principle of Ecological Model. Retrieved Courses.lumenlearning.com.Retrived.July26,2024 from https: //courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-biffalo-environmentalhealth/chapter/core-principle-of-the-ecological-model.
[3]. Aronica, K., Crawford, E., Licherdell, E., & Onoh (n.d) Core Principle of Ecological Model. Retrieved Courses.lumenlearning.com.Retrived from https: //courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-biffalo-environmentalhealth/chapter/core-principle-of-the-ecological-model

Abstract: The study examined the effect of leader motivating language on employees' intention of voluntary resource contribution in Vietnamese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) by adopting the model of Stimulus–Organism–Response (S–O–R) framework. The study was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 93 participants and using the 5-point Likert scale. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis was performed in SmartPLS to test the structural model. The results showed that leader motivating language positively.....

Keywords: motivating language; organizational trust; collective efficacy; internal cohesion; resource contribution intention; small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)..

[1]. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
[2]. Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. W. H. Freeman.
[3]. Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
[4]. Beal, D. J., Cohen, R. R., Burke, M. J., & McLendon, C. L. (2003). Cohesion and performance in groups: A meta-analytic clarification of construct relations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(6), 989–1004. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.6.989
[5]. Cardon, M. S., & Stevens, C. E. (2004). Managing human resources in small organizations: What do we know? Human Resource Management Review, 14(3), 295–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2004.06.001

Abstract: Aharya Abhinaya is one of the four modes of expression identified in Bharata’s Natyashastra, together with Angika, Vachika and Sattvika Abhinaya. Although it is frequently reduced to costume and ornamentation, its classical scope includes make-up, bodily colouring, jewellery, garments, hairstyles, stage properties, scenic construction and the visual representation of human, divine and non-human characters. This paper examines the concept of Aharya Abhinaya and analyses its aesthetic, kinetic, narrative and cultural influence on Bharathnatyam.....

Keywords: Aharya Abhinaya, Bharathnatyam, costume, ornamentation, make-up, visual aesthetics, characterisation, Indian classical dance.

[1]. Allen, M. H. (1997). Rewriting the script for South Indian dance. TDR: The Drama Review, 41(3), 63–100. https://doi.org/10.2307/1146609
[2]. Bharata Muni. (1951–1961). The Natyasastra: A treatise on Hindu dramaturgy and histrionics (M. M. Ghosh, Trans.; Vols. 1–2). Asiatic Society.
[3]. Bose, M. (1991). Movement and mimesis: The idea of dance in the Sanskritic tradition. Kluwer Academic Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3594-8
[4]. Coomaraswamy, A. K., & Duggirala, G. K. (Trans.). (1917). The mirror of gesture: Being the Abhinaya Darpana of Nandikeshvara. Harvard University Press.
[5]. Gaston, A.-M. (1996). Bharata Natyam: From temple to theatre. Manohar Publishers and Distributors

Abstract: Although a generalisation, it may be possible to surmise that over the past decade, both Hollywood and Bollywood have witnessed a visible decline in the centrality of idealistic romance within mainstream cinema. Where the romantic comedies and dramas of the 1990s and early 2000s such as Dilwale Dulhaniya Le Jayengey, Sleepless in Seattle, You’ve Got Mail and Dil Toh Pagal Hai framed love as enduring, fated, or emotionally transformative, many contemporary films such as Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani, Saiyaara and People We Meet On Vacation increasingly foreground....

Keywords: romance, contemporary cinema, Hollywood, Bollywood, the male gaze, Laura Mulvey, individualism, youth, love and commitment, romantic disillusionment.

[1]. Arya, Kanika K., and Manish Verma. “Contemporary Bollywood’s Tryst with Bourgeois Romances of Hindi Cinema.” Journal of Content, Community & Communication, vol. 13, June 2021, pp. 308–315.
[2]. Bandinelli, Carolina, and Alessandro Gandini. “Dating Apps: The Uncertainty of Marketised Love.” Cultural Sociology, vol. 16, no. 3, 2022, pp. 423–441.
[3]. Bauman, Zygmunt. Liquid Love: On the Frailty of Human Bonds. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2003.
[4]. Bolling, Gaius. “What Happened to Romantic Comedy Movies?” MovieWeb, 4 Jan. 2024, movieweb.com/what-happened-to-romantic-comedy-movies/. Accessed 12 July 2026.
[5]. de Rougemont, Denis. Love in the Western World. Translated by Montgomery Belgion, rev. ed. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1983, p. 15.

Abstract: This study investigated the effects of cooperative learning strategy on senior secondary school students’ achievement in reading comprehension in English Language in Ikom Education Zone of Cross River State. The study was motivated by the persistent poor performance of students in reading comprehension, which affects their overall achievement in English Language. The research adopted a quasi-experimental design involving pre-test, post-test and non-equivalent control group. The population comprised senior secondary school 2 (SS 2) students in public secondary.....

Keywords: Cooperative Learning Strategy, Senior Secondary School Students, Achievement, Reading Comprehension, English Language.

[1]. Adegbija, E. (2004). Language policy and planning in Nigeria. Current Issues in Language Planning. 5(3), 181-246.
[2]. Aguete, C. (2018). Effects of cooperative and product learning strategies on senior secondary school students' achievement in essay writing in Afikpo education zone. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki.
[3]. Agwu, S.N. & Nweke, O. B. (2000). Remedial English. Enugu: Pan-Africa Publishers.
[4]. Apata, F.S. (2020). effects of cooperative learning strategy on senior school students performance in physics. Journal of Curriculum and Instruction, 13(1)9-13
[5]. Arua, E.A (2002). Facilitating literacy in Nigerian mother tongue. The role of effective and efficient teacher of education in literacy and reading in Nigeria. Research for Educational Reform, 9(2), 1-6.