iosr-JRME   Volume-16 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan. – Feb. 2026

Abstract: Background: Learning in Early Childhood Education is a fundamental process for children’s cognitive, social, and emotional development, requiring pedagogical approaches that promote active participation and meaningful experiences. In recent years, active methodologies have gained prominence as innovative strategies that emphasize child-centered learning, autonomy, and engagement. However, the scientific literature presents a wide range of concepts and approaches, making it necessary to systematize existing evidence on their contributions to early childhood learning...

Key Word: Active methodologies; Early Childhood Education; Learning; Child-centered learning; Educational innovation.

[1]. Ausubel, D. P. The Acquisition And Retention Of Knowledge: A Cognitive View. Dordrecht: Springer, 2003.
[2]. Bacich, L.; Moran, J. Metodologias Ativas Para Uma Educação Inovadora: Uma Abordagem Teórico-Prática. Porto Alegre: Penso, 2018.
[3]. Bardin, L. Análise De Conteúdo. São Paulo: Edições 70, 2016.
[4]. Creswell, J. W. Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, And Mixed Methods Approaches. 4. Ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage, 2014.
[5]. Dewey, J. Experience And Education. New York: Macmillan, 1938.
[6]. Freire, P. Pedagogia Da Autonomia: Saberes Necessários À Prática Educativa. São Paulo: Paz E Terra, 1996.

Abstract: Reading literacy is a cornerstone of educational achievement and personal development, particularly in the early years of formal schooling. In Kenya, concerns have been raised about the ability of Grade 3 learners to achieve expected reading proficiency levels in different areas including Bungoma County. This study evaluated type and frequency utilization of contextualized learning resources and their impact on reading skills acquisition among Grade Three pupils in Bungoma South Sub-County, Kenya. The study was guided by Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory and...

Key Word: Contextualized Learning Resources, Reading Skills Acquisition, Frequency of Utilization, Grade Three Pupils

[1]. Anyango, O. A. (2023). Contextualized Learning Resources And Reading Skills Acquisition Among Grade Three Learners In Kisumu East Sub-County, Kenya. International Journal Of Educational Research, 8(3), 145-162.
[2]. Atandi, J. M., & Kwaba, J. (2023). Influence Of Utilization Of Teaching And Learning Resources On Attainment Of Basic Reading Skills Among Grade Three Pupils In Public Primary Schools In Sameta Sub-County, Kisii County, Kenya. International Research Journal Of Social Sciences, Education And Humanities, 5(2), 358-366.
[3]. Chebet, R., & Murunga, F. (2021). Impact Of Locally Developed Instructional Materials On Reading Performance Among Grade Three Pupils In Bungoma County, Kenya. African Journal Of Education And Practice, 7(4), 23-41.
[4]. Day, S. L., Hwang, J. K., Arner, T., Mcnamara, D. S., & Connor, C. M. (2024). Interactive E-Books For Vocabulary Acquisition And Reading Comprehension Among Elementary Students: A Feasibility Study. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 116(2), 234-251.
[5]. Dendena, G., & Tabane, R. (2023). Cognitive Skills And Motivation As Predictors Of Reading Proficiency Among Grade 3 Learners In Ethiopia. South African Journal Of Education, 43(1), 1-12.

Abstract: Resumo: A aprendizagem autogerida, também conhecida como autoaprendizagem, emerge como uma abordagem cada vez mais relevante em um mundo caracterizado pela abundância de informação e pela necessidade constante de atualização.Essa metodologia se baseia no protagonismo do aluno, que assume a responsabilidade pelo próprio processo.....

[1]. Almeira, R. S. Design Instrucional Contribuindo Para A Aprendizagem Autogerida. Ets Facere - Revista De Tecnologia E Conhecimento, Curitiba, N.2, V.2, P.39-51, 2024. E-Issn 2965-4343. Disponível Em Https://Zenodo.Org/Records/14510245.(2024). Acessado Em 21 De Janeiro De 2025.
[2]. Caiado, M. A. C., Almeida, A. B . B., Hungaro, F., Rezende, G. U. M. & Mafra, M. A. Impacto Das Tecnologias No Design Instrucional: Perspectivas E Desafios Na Educação Contemporânea. Revista Ilustração, Cruz Alta, V. 5 , N. 9, P. 91-98, 2024. Disponível Em Https://Journal.Editorailustracao.Com.Br/Index.Php/Ilustracao/Article/View/386. Acessado Em 20 De Janeiro De 2025.
[3]. Coelho, A. M. L., Abreu, A. J. C., Guimarães, M. C. B., Martini, M. F. & Alves, V. R. (2023). A Aprendizagem Autogerida Como Ferramenta Geradora De Conhecimento. Revista Ilustração | Cruz Alta | V. 4 | N. 2 | P. 91-95 | Maio/Agos. 2023. Disponível Em Https://Journal.Editorailustracao.Com.Br/Index.Php/Ilustracao/Article/View/159. Acessado Em 24 De Janeiro De 2025.
[4]. Rodrigues, F. F., Pullen, F. C. S., Figueirôa, L. M., Magalhães, M. S. & Santos, S. M. A. V. (2023). Revista Ilustração | Cruz Alta | V. 4 | N. 2 | P. 3-7 | Maio/Agos. 2023. Disponível Em
Https://Journal.Editorailustracao.Com.Br/Index.Php/Ilustracao/Article/View/147. Acessado Em 24 De Janeiro De 2025.
[5]. Barros, A. M. R., Escobar, C. T., Ribeiro, H. M., Silva, M. V. M. & Narciso, R. (2023). Aprendizagem Autogerida E Os Cursos Online Sem Tutoria: Uma Reflexão Sobre Cursos Oferecidos Na Plataforma Moodle. Revista Amor Mundi, Santo Ângelo, V. 4 , N. 6, P. 167-173, 2023. Disponível Em

Abstract: This study investigates the influence of teachers’ recognition of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) on behavioural dysfunction among elementary pupils in Oyo State, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional...

Key Word: ADHD, Teacher’s recognition, behavioural dysfunction, knowledge, awareness

[1]. Adekoya, T. S., & Taiwo, K. O. (2025) Educational Qualification And Awareness Of ADHD: Knowledge Gap Among Teachers And Parents/Guardians In Lagos Private Schools, LASU Postgraduate School Journal, 1(2), 143–156.
Https://Doi.Org/10.5281/Zenodo.14776752
[2]. Babinski, D. E., (2024) Sex Differences In ADHD: Review And Priorities For Future Research, Current Psychiatry Reports, 26, 151–156. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S11920-024-01492-6
[3]. Claussen, A. H., Holbrook, J. R., Hutchins, H. J., Robinson, L. R., Bloomfield, J., Meng, L., Bitsko, R. H., O‘Masta, B, Cerles, A., Maher, B., Rush, M., & Kaminski, J. W. (2024) All In The Family? A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Parenting And Family Environment As Risk Factors For Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) In Children, Prevention Science, 25(Suppl 2), S249–S271.
[4]. Kayla A., & Sonia, J. (2024) Unveiling Gender Disparities In ADHD: A Literature Review On Factors And Impacts Of Late Diagnosis In Females (2010- 2023), Journal Of Womans Mental Health, 1 (1), 9-21.
[5]. Kim, D., Yadav, D., & Song, M. (2024) An Updated Review On Animal Models To Study Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Translational Psychiatry, 14(187), Https://Doi.Org/10.1038/S41398-024-02893-0

Abstract: Aim of this investigation was to establish influence of tutors’ capacity building on implementation of Competency-Based Education and Training in Technical, Vocational Education and Training Institutions in Nairobi County. This study adopted a mixed-method approach. A descriptive correlational design with concurrent triangulation was used. The study target sample population of 373 included 53 principals, 53 Board of Management chairs, 1 CDACC chair, 265 Heads of Departments and 1 TVET County Director. Questionnaires were administered to BOM chairs, HODs, while interview schedules were used to gather insights from TVET County Director and CDACC...

Key Word: Tutors, Capacity Building, Implementation, Competency-Based Education, Training, Vocational Education

[1] Atchoarena, D., & Delluc, A. (2022). Equitable Access To Quality CBET Programs In Rural Areas. Journal Of Educational Equity And Development, 29(3), 215-230.
[2] Best, J. W., & Kahn, J. V. (2006). Research In Education (10th Ed.). Pearson Education.
[3] Brown, J., & Smith, L. (2021). Integrating Digital Technologies In Competency-Based Education: Enhancing Learning Experiences. Journal Of Educational Technology, 38(4), 301-315. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Edtech.2021.07.003.
[4] Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2000). Research Methods In Education (5th Ed.). Routledge.
[5] Chachage, C. (2021). The Impact Of Modern Teaching Technologies On Competency-Based Education In Tanzania. African Journal Of Educational Studies, 58(3), 200-215. Https://Doi.Org/10.4314/Ajes.V58i3.6

Abstract: The core of inclusive education is to let students with special educational needs get educational services that fit their individual differences in regular schools. It is not to put them alone in special education schools. AI technology is developing fast. Its use in education has brought new chances for inclusive education in primary schools. This paper wants to find out if AI agents can help autistic children improve their social skills in primary school inclusive education. It looks at this from three sides: technology, practice and policy.

Key Word: Inclusive education; AI intelligent agent assistance; autistic children

[1]. Ministry Of Education. Guidelines Of The Ministry Of Education On Strengthening The Inclusion Of Disabled Children And Adolescents In Regular Classes During Compulsory Education [Z]. 2020.
[2]. General Office Of The State Council. Notice Of The General Office Of The State Council Forwarding The Action Plan For The Development And Improvement Of Special Education During The "14th Five-Year Plan" Period By The Ministry Of Education And Other Departments [EB/OL]. (2022-01-25). Http://Www.Gov.Cn/Zhengce/Zhengceku/2022-01/25/Content_5667814.Htm.
[3]. Communist Party Of China Central Committee, State Council. China Education Modernization 2035 [EB/OL]. (2019-02-23). Http://Www.Gov.Cn/Zhengce/2019-02/23/Content_5366989.Htm.
[4]. Wang Y, Bai S. Practical Dilemmas And Development Directions Of The Evolution Of Inclusive Education In The New Era—From The Perspective Of Structural Functionalism [J]. Journal Of South China Normal University (Social Science Edition), 2024(06): 93-104. DOI:10.13471/J.Cnki.Jsysusse.2024.06.010.
[5]. Liu H, Liu L H. Effect Of Parents' Implementation Of Joint Attention Intervention For Children With Autism [J]. Chinese Journal Of Special Education, 2010(02): 36-41. DOI:10.3969/J.Issn.1007-3728.2010.02.007.

Abstract: Despite the recognized importance of learning motivation in educational outcomes, limited empirical evidence exists regarding its predictive role in psychosocial adjustment within the unique socio-cultural context of Oyo State. This study investigates the influence of learning motivation on the psychosocial adjustment of early adolescents in Oyo State, Nigeria. Employing a descriptive survey design, data were gathered from 1,089 Junior Secondary.....

Key Word: Learning motivation, psychosocial adjustment, Nigerian adolescents, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, educational psychology

[1]. Akpa, O. M., Bamgboye, E. A., & Baiyewu, O. (2015). The Adolescents' Psychosocial Functioning Inventory (APFI): Scale Development And Initial Validation Using Exploratory And Confirmatory Factor Analysis. African Journal For The Psychological Study Of Social Issues, 18(1), 1–21.
[2]. Bandura, A. (1997). Self-Efficacy: The Exercise Of Control. Freeman.
[3]. Bandura, A. (1999). A Social Cognitive Theory Of Personality. In L. Pervin & O. John (Eds.), Handbook Of Personality (Pp. 154–196). Guilford Publications.
[4]. Beaumont, J., Putwain, D. W., Gallard, D., Malone, E., Marsh, H. W., & Pekrun, R. (2023). Students’ Emotion Regulation And School-Related Well-Being: Longitudinal Models Juxtaposing Between- And Within-Person Perspectives. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 115(7), 932–950. Https://Doi.Org/10.1037/Edu0000800
[5]. Domitrovich, C. E., Durlak, J. A., Staley, K. C., & Weissberg, R. P. (2019). Social-Emotional Competence Is Essential For Promoting Positive Adjustment And Reducing Risk In School Children. Child Development, 88, 408–416.
Https://Doi.Org/10.1111/Cdev.12739

Abstract: The aim of the study is to identify the challenges in implementing Biology curriculum as perceived by teachers and students in Osun State, Nigeria. The research design used in the study was descriptive survey research. The population of the study were all Biology teachers and senior secondary school students in Osun State. A sample of 66 Biology teachers and 960 Senior Secondary School II students were chosen using a multistage random sampling.....

Key Word: Curriculum, Curriculum Implementation, Laboratory equipment, Biology practical, Qualified teachers, practical periods, Teachers’ perception, Students’ perception

[1]. Abdussemiu, A. (2022). Problems Of Teaching Practical Biology In Senior Secondary Schools. University Of Lagos.
[2]. Adeuya, V. O, (2020). Teachers’ Characteristics And Implementation Of National Curriculum For Secondary School Biology In Southwest, Nigeria. Commonwealth Journal Of Academic Research, 1(9), 1-9
[3]. Adeyemo, S. A. (2017). Teaching/ Learning Physics In Nigerian Secondary School: The Curriculum Transformation, Issues, Problems And Prospects. International Journal Of Educational Research And Technology, 1(1), 99-111
[4]. Adolphus, T. (2018). Pupil Attainment In Secondary School Physics: The Case Of Nigeria, Including Implications For Teachers And Teacher Education. Journal Of Social Science Research 12(2) ISSN: 2321-1091
[5]. Akinbobola, A. O. (2015). Evaluating Science Laboratory Classroom Learning Environment In Osun State Of Nigeria For National Development. Journal Of Resources Development And Management, 9, 14.

Abstract: Background: It is essential that both educational authorities and teachers form an inclusive education model for Higher Secondary Education schools, regardless of the shift, a model that seeks to support and motivate the student, considering the different learning styles and making adjustments to the content, methodology and evaluation when necessary. It is essential that both educational authorities and teachers form an inclusive education model for Higher Secondary Education schools, regardless of the shift, a model that seeks to support and motivate the student, considering the different learning styles and making adjustments to the content, methodology.....

Key Word: Inclusion, High School. GEPIA. Inclusive School

[1]. Constitución Política De Los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. (2012, 9 De Febrero). Diario Oficial De La Federación.
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[2]. Secretaría De Educación Pública, Programa Nacional De Fortalecimiento De La Educación Especial Y De La Integración Educativa. (2012). Glosario De Educación Especial. Https://Educacionespecial.Sep.Gob.Mx/
[3]. Asociación Nacional De Universidades E Instituciones De Educación Superior (ANUIES). (2011). La Educación Media Superior En México: Informe 2010-2011. México: ANUIES. Recuperado De Http://Publicaciones.Anuies.Mx/Biblioteca-Cises/657/La-Educacion-Media-Superior-En- Mexico-Informe-2010-2011
[4]. Secretaría De Educación Pública. (2010). Política Educativa En México: Inclusión Y Participación Social. SEP.
Https://Www.Sep.Gob.Mx. Https://Www.Gob.Mx/Sep/Acciones-Y-Programas/Inclusion-Y-Equidad-178423
[5]. Secretaría De Educación Pública. (2012). Dirección General De Educación Tecnológica Industrial. México: SEP. Recuperado De
Https://Dgeti.Sep.Gob.Mx.

Abstract: Background: In application-oriented design education, a persistent challenge is how theoretical courses can effectively support design practice. While practice-based teaching has expanded rapidly, many design theory courses remain knowledge-centered, resulting in a weak connection between theoretical learning and professional competence development. Design aesthetics, which links design theory, design history, and design practice, clearly reflects this tension between theoretical value and practical function. Methods: This study examines a teaching reform of a design aesthetics course in an application-oriented university. Based......

Key Word: Design aesthetics; Teaching reform; Theory-to-practice transformation; Application-oriented

[1]. Cross, N. (2006). Designerly Ways Of Knowing. Springer.
[2]. Lawson, B. (2005). How Designers Think: The Design Process Demystified (4th Ed.). Architectural Press.
[3]. Biggs, J., & Tang, C. (2022). Teaching For Quality Learning At University (5th Ed.). Mcgraw-Hill.
[4]. Buchanan, R. (1992). Wicked Problems In Design Thinking. Design Issues, 8(2), 5–21.
[5]. Dorst, K. (2011). The Core Of “Design Thinking” And Its Application. Design Studies, 32(6), 521–532..

Abstract: The article focuses on developing an integrated teaching theme in Grade 12 Physics to foster students’ problem-solving competence, based on the content strand of nuclear physics. The study employs theoretical research methods, analyzing theoretical foundations related to the concepts of integration and integrated teaching, while also examining the manifestations of problem-solving competence specified in the General Education Curriculum. On this basis,......

Key Word: Integrated teaching, competence, theme, physics, students

[1]. Do, H. T. (Ed.). (2015). Integrated Teaching For Developing Students’ Competencies (Vol. 1: Natural Sciences). Vietnam National University Of Education Press.
[2]. Do, M. T., Tran, V. C., & Hoang, V. T. (2023). Measures To Develop Integrated Teaching Competence For Students Majoring In Mathematics Education. Vietnam Journal Of Education, 23(4), 9–13.
[3]. Dung, H. V. (2025). Integrated Teaching Competence For Education For Sustainable Development Of Biology Teacher Education Students: A Status Quo Study At Several Universities In Vietnam. Vietnam Journal Of Education Sciences, 21(6), 29–36.
[4]. Mai, T. H. A., Phan, D. D., & Phan, T. T. H. (2022). The Process Of Designing Integrated Thematic Lesson Plans In Teaching Science At The Primary Level. Hue University Journal Of Science: Social Sciences And Humanities, 131(6A), 173–188.
Https://Doi.Org/10.26459/Hueunijssh.V131i6a.6324
[5]. Nguyen, T. H., & Do, H. T. (2024). The Current Situation Of Integrated Teaching In Natural Sciences At Lower Secondary Schools And Proposed Solutions In Teacher Education. Journal Of Education, 24(18), 47–52.

Abstract: Background: A teacher's locus of control (TLOC), the belief that student outcomes are contingent on one’s own teaching efforts, is a critical predictor of teaching efficacy. Understanding its relationship with academic achievement during training and its distribution across gender is essential for tailored teacher education. Objective: This study investigates the relationship between TLOC and academic achievement and explores gender differences.....

Key Word: Teacher Locus of Control, Academic Achievement, Gender Differences, Student Teachers, Teacher Education.

[1]. Arkin, R. M., & Maruyama, G. M. (1979). Attribution, Affect, And College Exam Performance. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 71(1), 85–93. Https://Doi.Org/10.1037/0022-0663.71.1.85 [2]. Bernstein, W. M., Stephan, W. G., & Davis, M. H. (1979). Explaining Attributions For Achievement: A Path Analytic Approach. Journal Of Personality And Social Psychology, 37(10), 1810–1821. Https://Doi.Org/10.1037/0022-3514.37.10.1810
[3]. Carless D And Winstone N (2020) Teacher Feedback Literacy And Its Interplay With Student Feedback Literacy. Teaching In Higher Education. Available At: Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/13562517.2020.1782372
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Abstract: The greater development of the intellectual capacity of children is a key objective for any region since it allows a possible future economic development of the country. In essence metacognitive knowledge is associated is associated with knowledge about cognition in general, which involves strategies that learners use to improve learning process. According to Pintrich, metacongitive knowledge can be categorized into three types, namely strategic knowledge, knowledge.....

[1]. Armstrong, T. (2009). Multiple Intelligences In The Classroom. Association For Supervision And Curriculum Development.
[2]. Bandura, A. (1997). Self-Efficacy: The Exercise Of Control. Freeman.
[3]. Bembenutty, H. (2011). The Last Word: Metacognition And Student Success. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 103(2), 251-255.
[4]. Borkowski, J. G. (1992). Metacognition: Theory, Research, And Practice. Guilford Press.
[5]. Campione, J. C. (1987). Metacognitive Components Of Learning. In J. C. Campione & A. L. Brown (Eds.), Learning And Learning Difficulties (Pp. 105-128). Jossey-Bass..

Abstract: Background: Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome (APDS) is a rare autosomal dominant inborn error of immunity caused by gain-of-function variants in PIK3CD or PIK3R1. It is characterised by recurrent infections, immune dysregulation, lymphoproliferation, and progressive end-organ damage, particularly affecting the lungs. Due to its heterogeneous......

Key Word: Activated PI3K delta syndrome, APDS, PIK3CD, recurrent pneumonia, primary immunodeficiency, lymphadenopathy, chronic lung disease

....

Abstract: Background: To characterize the clinical, sociodemographic, and functional profile of elderly cancer patients receiving palliative care, aiming to support care strategies and contribute to health policy planning. Descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The study was conducted at the palliative care outpatient clinic of João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, located in Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Materials and Methods.

Key Word: Palliative care; Aged; Neoplasms; Functional assessment; Oncology.

[1]. Alcântara, Larissa Souza De; Bolela, Fabiana. Perfil Sociodemográficoe Clínico De Pacientes Internados Sob Cuidados Paliativos. Advances In Nursing And Health, Londrina, V. 3, P. 48-63, 2021.
[2]. Alves, Alicia De Morais Et Al. Perfil Nutricional E Sociodemográfico De Idosos Com Demências Hospitalizados Em Uma Unidade Especializada Em Cuidados Paliativos. Revista JRG De Estudos Acadêmicos. Ano 8, Vol. VIII, N.18, Jan.-Jun., 2025. Disponível Em:<10.55892/Jrg.V8i18.1875>.
[3]. Barbosa, B.R.O.M.; Silva, L. A. E Dumas, F.L.V Perfil Sociodemográfico, Clínico E Funcional Dos Pacientes Oncológicos Atendidos Pela Fisioterapia Em Um Serviço De Atenção Domiciliar. Health Residencies Journal (HRJ). 5(23):18-25, 2024. Https://Doi.Org/10.51723/Hrj.V5i23.975.
[4]. Borges, M.M.; Custódio, L.A.; Cavalcante, D. DE. F.B.; Pereira, A.C.; Carregaro, R.L. Custo Direto De Internações Hospitalares Por Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis Sensíveis À Atenção Primária Em Idosos. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva. [Internet]. 28(1):231-242, 2023. Https://Www.Scielo.Br/J/Csc/A/97lpxcvccnwfdzyclmdpxgd/?Lang=Pt&Format=Pdf.
[5]. Brasil- Ministério Da Saúde. 2024- Https://Www.Gov.Br/Saude/Pt-Br/Assuntos/Noticias/2024/Maio/Ministerio-Da-Saude-Lanca-Politica-Inedita-No-Sus-Para-Cuidados-Paliativos