IOSR-JHSS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-9 ~ Sep-2014

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Social Media Networks as Revolutionary Tools for Regime Change: Reflections on the 2011 Civil Unrest in Egypt
Country	:	Egypt
Authors	:	Dr. Odoh, S.I., Nwogbaga, David M. E.
	:	10.9790/0837-19910110

Abstract: The tendency by governments to censor Internet operations especially in times of crisis as witnessed in some countries of the Middle East and North Africa, has evoked considerable concern among civil rights groups across the globe over the threats against online activism for regime change. It is feared that the same technical measures could be applied in other countries in similar emergency situations. There have been predictions that the Internet would serve as a regime-changing tool for the masses especially against totalitarian governments; but there are also arguments to the contrary. While the Optimists opine that the Internet is a veritable revolutionary tool for regime change given its efficacy in quick information dissemination for mass mobilisation; the Pessimists contend that the Internet is not an effective instrument of regime change due to high level of government censorship. In the light of Egypt's civil unrests, we examined the rights of the citizens and the government in the use of the internet for online activism as well as the extent to which the internet can facilitate regime change. We argued that the internet plays critical roles in causing regime change; however, in as much as the citizens have their rights to use the internet for online activism, the government also has the obligation to regulate and control the use in the interest of national security, but not to the extent of shutting down the entire internet operating system of a country. It is therefore recommended that instead of the government to use technical measures to censor the citizens internet operations, they should rather apply legal options.

[1]. Alastair, L. (8 March 2011). "Egyptians demand secret police give up torture secrets". BBC News. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east 12674714. Retrieved 8 March 2011.
[2]. Aliya, (2010): "Internet isn't the agent of regime change some hoped for"; Online:http://www.nextgov.com/nextgov/ng_20100525_5807.php?oref opnews
[3]. Al Jazeera English (2011): "Looting spreads in Egyptian cities"; Online: http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/01/201112917592626 521.html. Retrieved 1 February 2011.
[4]. Almasryalyoum.com(2011): Egypt's Civil Unrests; Online:http://www.almasryalyoum.com/node/385 40. Retrieved 4 April 2011
[5]. Ashfaq, S. (2011): "US and the Civil Unrest of the Middle East"; Online: http://pakistananalysis.com

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Contemporary International Law and the Peripheral Status of Africa: A Critical Analysis
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Ugumanim Bassey Obo , Dodeye Uduak Williams
	:	10.9790/0837-19911117

Abstract: In this essay, an attempt is made to examine the role and place of Africa in the contemporary international legal system, and to also draw attention to the problems which confront the continent in that system. The essence of this paper is to highlight the disadvantaged position of Africa in the international legal system; examine the historical circumstances that facilitated the emergence of the international legal framework; and support the call for a restructuring of the international legal order. In this study, it is clear that international law is presently skewed in favour of the developed and powerful countries while the poor and weak states are almost ignored. Moreover, it is discovered that international law can hardly be enforced-especially when the powerful states are the violators- and this raises questions about its effectiveness. It is concluded that an international legal order that guarantees the welfare of the strong and neglects the weak is unjust and inequitable.

Keywords: Law, International Law, and Periphery

[1]. Adeniran, Tunde (1983). Introduction to International Relation. Lagos: Macmillan Nigeria Publishers Ltd.
[2]. Akinyemi, A. Bolaji (2012). "Effective Leadership: A Panacea for the True Transformation (1)" in The Punch, July 16.
[3]. Duckacek, Ivo D. (1971). Nations and Men: An Introduction to International Politics, 2nd edition. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston Inc.
[4]. Ekpebu, Lawrence Baraebibai (1999). Africa and the International Political System. Ibadan, Nigeria: Sam Bookman Publishers.
[5]. Ethridge, Marcus E. and Howard Handelman (2010). Politics In A Changing World: A Comparative Introduction to Political Science. Boston: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
[6]. Garba, Abdul-Ganiyu (2003). "Introduction: The Past, Present, and Possible Futures of Africa" in Abdul-Ganiyu Garba ed., Development Thought, Policy Advice and Economic Development In Africa In The 20th Century: Lessons For The 21st Century. Ibadan, Nigeria: Ibadan University Press.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Ownership Characteristics of Strata Property Rights
Country	:	Indonesia
Authors	:	DR. J.Andy Hartanto., SH., MH.,Sp.N., Ir., MMT
	:	10.9790/0837-19911821

Abstract: Related to the housing construction, some regulations have been adopted several times by the Indonesian government. Under the Act of Housing and Settlement Region, the forms of houses are divided into three categories: single houses, row houses, and apartments. The difference between a single house and a row house lies only in the sides of the building. The sides of the buildings of row houses are fused with the one or more other buildings. While a single house has its own plot and one of the walls of the building is not built right on the line of the boundary plots. Not all multi-storey buildings are subject to the provisions of flats. Single Ownership is implemented in the regulation of the storey-buildings so that it is not subject to the provisions of flats. While the storey buildings divided into sections/parts can be owned separately although they are not separeted with the common parts. They are Multy Ownership and subject to the provisions of strata. Ownership characteristics on strata are not the same as on residential and other buildings.

Keywords: storey-houses, buildings, land.

[1]. Hasan, Djuhaendah, Lembaga Jaminan Kebendaan bagi Tanah dan Benda Lain yang Melekat pada Tanah dalam Konsepsi Penerapan Asas Pemisahan Horisontal, Citra Aditya Bakti, Bandung, 1996.
[2]. Harsono, Boedi, Hukum Agraria Indonesia, Sejarah Pembentukan Undang-undang Pokok Agraria, Isi dan Pelaksanaanya, Djambatan, Jakarta, 1997.
[3]. Ilkin, Alex, NSW Strata and Community Schemes Management and The Law, Thompson Lawbook Co, Sidney, 2007.
[4]. Kartini, J. Soedjendro, Perjanjian Peralihan Hak atas Tanah yang Berpotensi Konflik, Penerbit Kanisius, Yogyakarta, cetakan ke 5, 2005.
[5]. Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 24 Tahun 1997 Tentang Pendaftaran Tanah (Lembaran Negara 1997 Nomor 59, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Nomor 3696).

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Is There A Long Run Relationship Between Human Resources Management And Employees' Productivity?
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Oluwatomi Adedeji
	:	10.9790/0837-19912230

Abstract:The paper tends to ask a question, whether is there a long run relationship between human resources management and employees' productivity in Etisalat Nigeria telecommunication? However, the objective of paper is to examine the long run relationship between human resources management and employees' productivity in Etisalat Nigeria telecommunication. More so, primary and secondary data was adopted. The primary data make use of questionnaires analysis that was distributed to 80 members of staff of Etisalat Nigeria telecommunication while the data collected was coded to become a secondary data and a model was specified. Johansen Co-integration was adopted as the estimation techniques and the result shows that there is a long run relationship between human resources management and employee's productivity in Etisalat Nigeria telecommunication. The paper then recommends that the management should ensure effective human resources management planning in other to improve their productivity and acquire a large relative market share in the Nigerian telecommunication industry. Finally the paper concludes that a good efficient and effective human resources management structure should be able to improve employee's commitment and bring large organizational productivity.

Keywords: Human resources management, Organizational productivity, Employee's productivity, Johansen Co-integration test and employee's commitment.

[1]. Adebayo, O.I. (2012). Practice of Human Resources Management, a broader perspective, 1st edition, pg 44-57, Pat Publication limited.
[2]. Adeoye, K.D. (2013). Impact of Human Resources and Organizational Productivity, a Jourmal of Management, vol 4, pg 21-32, Mill world limited
[3]. Adeyemi O.T. (2009). Human Resource Management in Nigeria, a textbook, 2nd edition Mushin Adeola Printers Pg. 55 – 60.
[4]. Adesanya, J.K. (2012). Relationship between Human Resources and Employees Performance, a Journal of humanities, vol 7, pg 67-78, Pet & Met Publication limited.
[5]. Al-Mustapha, F. (2014). Human Resourcing and Firm performance in Nigeria, a Journal of business Management, vol 8, pg 34-46, Al-Mustaph Press limited.