IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-13 ~ Issue-11 ~ November. 2019

Abstract: Aflatoxin contamination of grain has continued to pose a significant threat to sustainable food security and trade worldwide. In the field, there are incidences of varying contamination levels in grain within the same niche. We hypothesize that the variation could be due to fungal species interaction at the kernel level. Seventeen isolates (14 Aspergillus flavus and 3 Aspergillus parasiticus) from Eastern Kenya were selected and confirmed for toxigenicity using Dichlorvos-Ammonia method, then cultured based on their isolation frequencies and co-existence in nature. The fungi were co-cultured using maize kernels as growth substrate, which was then used to estimate aflatoxin produced in a competitive ELISA. A one-sample two-tailed t-test was carried out to determine......

Keywords: Toxigenicity; aflatoxins; fungal interactions; Aspergillus; Dichlorvos-Ammonia

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[2]. L. Lewis, M. Onsongo, H. Njapau, H. Schurz-Rogers, G. Luber, S. Kieszak, J. Nyamongo, L. Backer, A.M. Dahiye, and A. Misore, Aflatoxin contamination of commercial maize products during an outbreak of acute aflatoxicosis in eastern and central Kenya, Environmental Health Perspectives, 113(12), 2005, 1763.
[3]. J.H. Daniel, L.W. Lewis, Y.A. Redwood, S. Kieszak, R.F. Breiman, W. Dana, C. Bell, J. Mwihia, G. Ogana, S. Likimani, M. Straetemans, and M.A. McGeehin, Comprehensive assessment of maize aflatoxin levels in eastern Kenya, 2005-2007, Environmental Health Perspectives, 119(12), 2011, 1794-1799.
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[5]. R. Bandyopadhyay, A. Ortega-Beltran, A. Akande, C. Mutegi, J. Atehnkeng, L. Kaptoge, A. Senghor, B. Adhikari, and P. Cotty, Biological control of aflatoxins in Africa: current status and potential challenges in the face of climate change, World Mycotoxin Journal, 9(5). 2016, 771-789..

Abstract: The biodegradation effects of agro-wastes (poultry droppings and cow dung) on some physico-chemical properties of the effluents were assessed. Triplicate slurries (1:3 w/v) of five ratios of poultry droppings and cow dung: (0:1, 1:3, 1:1, 3:1 and 1:0 as treatments A, B, C, D and E) were separately fed into 13.6L locally constructed digesters, under strict anaerobic condition. They were kept for eight weeks retention period. Separate fractions of the undigested and digested treatments were subjected to standard assay procedures to determine their C, N, heavy contents, chemical oxygen demand(COD). The average weekly temperature and the pH before and after digestion of the media were measured. The cumulative biogas yield was in the order of treatment C (2961.0ml) > D(2241.7ml) > E(2197.9ml) > A(2079.0ml) > B(2031.1ml), based on the following mixing ratios.........

Keywords: Anaerobic, Co-Digestion, Biogas, Cow dung, Maize Cob and Effluents

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[5]. Orheruata, A.M. and Omoyakhi, J.M. (2008): Livestock-Environment Interaction: Issues and options in Nigeria. Journal of Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage. 12(2) 129 – 133

Abstract: This research work focused on the determination of the phytochemical properties of oil extracted from the meat of nonvenomous snake specie, 'Python Bivittatus', a Burmese Python, which is considered as sub-specie of the Python Molurus. Varying forms of snake (python) oils exist, with varying characteristics, each having different concentrations/strengths of activity. The python oil used for this study was collected from the extraction point at Umunnochi in Isukwuato L.G.A. of Abia State of Nigeria, where the dealers employed local (smoking) techniques to separate the oil from the meat of the already-dead python. The oil was subjected to centrifugation to remove.......

Keywords: Analysis, Python Oil, Corrosion Control, Metallic Material

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[5]. Chai F.K., Adzahan N.M., Karim R., Rukayadi Y. and Ghazali H.M. (2018) . Characteristics of fat, Saponin and Tannin Contents of 11 Varieties of Rambutan Seeds; International Journal of Food Properties; 21(1): 1091-1106;.

Abstract: A survey was conducted in 2007 to assess the total employment opportunity, swan timber and the so-called waste products of the sawmills under Chattogram City Corporation area considered as the study area. The findings show that around 619 workers/staffs (permanent and temporary) work in 65 sawmills of the city whose salary ranges from Tk. 2,500.00 to Tk. 6,000.00. A total volume of 28,494 cu.m round logs with 15,461 tonnes of weight was found to be swan annually in the sawmills while the total sawn timber was 19,366 cu.m with 10,513 tonnes of weight. If an average price of sawn timber is considered to be Tk 20,000.00 per cu.m, the total value of the sawn timber......

Keywords: Sawn timber, Trimmings, Sawdust, Residue

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