IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-10 ~ Issue-1 ~ January 2016

Abstract: The present investigation has been conducted to study the sublethal toxic effect of chromium 14.2 ppm (40% of 96h LC50) on the testis of the fresh water fish Clarias batrachus for a period of 45days. The histopathological changes observed as distortion of seminiferous tubules, disorganization of spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids with cytoplasmic vacuolization and nuclear pycnosis. These alterations in the histology of testis in the fish Clarias batrachus exposed to sublethal chromium solution may be due to toxicity induced by the irritant present in the aquatic medium. Hence these changes can be used to assess the quality of water contaminated with heavy metal salt(s).

Key words: Histopathology, testis, chromium toxicity, Clarias batrachus.

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Abstract: The Phytochemical, antinutrient and mineral compositions of four cassava leaf varieties (TME 419, TMS 92/0326, TMS 92B/0061 and NR8213) were investigated. The presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, cynogenic glycosides and saponin were determined. Antinutrients such as tannins, oxalate, phytate and trypsin inhibitor and some mineral elements such as Ca, Mg, K, Na, P, Hg, Mn, Zn were also present. The results of the phytochemical composition showed that alkaloid values ranged from 26.03 to 38.33 mg/100g, flavonoid content ranged from 48.07 to 58.94mg/100g, saponin content ranged from 1.58 to 1.65mg/100g,cynogenic glycosides content ranged from 0.49 to 0.57mg/100g, and tannin content ranged from 0.45 to 0.71mg/100g.

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Abstract: The objective of this study is to find the cause and effect of Vehicle pollution on the Auto Rickshaw Drivers (ARD) of the city during traffic jam and conjunction..This study focuses up on the implicit relation between alternative occurrences of traffic jam and amount of toxic pollution inhaled by ARD in the city and its relation to diseases .The survey viewed that the health of city AR Drivers has been worsening gradually subsequent up on concentrated heavy and fine of air pollution dust which linger and floating on city atmosphere and fell in as victims of many illness.

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Abstract: The use of constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment has been proposed as an intermediate technological solution for handling wastewater.The aim of the study was to assess the efficiency of a constructed wetland at Egerton University, Kenyafor heavy metals removal from wastewater. The wetland has been used for tertiary treatment of effluent from waste stabilization pondssystem since 2007. Aninvestigation was conducted between August 2013 and January 2014.Water samples were collected from the wetland and analysed forselected heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Cd and Zn) using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Temperature, pH, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen were also measured. The results indicated that the concentration of cadmium was below the detection limit.Influent levels of lead, copper and zinc were 1.25 mg/L, 1.09 mg/L and 0.15 mg/L respectively during the study period.

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