iosr-JEEE   Volume-11 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep-Oct 2016

Abstract: In Nigeria, the VHF and UHF frequency bands of the electromagnetic spectrum are mainly occupied by television services, while radio broadcasting is transmitted in the low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency bands. Therefore, it is important to manage the allocated spectrum for these services to ensure that radio stations, cellular network and television broadcast stations do not interfere in signal transmission . The governance of spectrum use on a global basis is a core responsibility of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and in particular............
Key Words: Frequency assignment, ITU, MoIC, NFMC, NCC, NBC, ISM, RF.

[1]. Kamalu U.A. et al., 2012, Spectrum Planning, Management and Monitoring in Nigeria Telecommunication Industry (radio and television) Continental J. Engineering Sciences 7 (1): 24 – 35

[2]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_administration. [Accessed: July 2016]

[3]. National Frequency Management Council of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, October 2014, National Frequency Allocation Table.
[4]. Innocent P. I. et al, 2013, Broadcasting Regulation and Broadcasting in Nigeria: An Overview Of The Approaches, Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, ISSN 2222-1719 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2863 (Online) Vol.3, No.2
[5]. McLean F. et al, 2007, Radio Spectrum Management, Module 5, ICT Regulation Toolkit. Available: http://www.ictregulationtoolkit.org/en/Section.1247.html

Abstract: The aim of this study is to evaluate the environmental performance of different photovoltaic solar energy systems through a review of the scientific literature concerning the life-cycle assessment applied to different photovoltaic systems and using the ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 standards. A comparison between solar photovoltaic systems and conventional systems, power generation is performed. Through the LCA the environmental impacts associated with the analyzed throughout their life cycle systems were tested. These results show, in terms of cumulative energy demand (CED), that for the case of monocrystalline silicon (mc-Si) as one of the most used raw materials............

Index Terms: Photovoltaic systems, environmental impact, life-cycle assessment, greenhouse gas emissions

[1] J. H. Braslavsky, J. R. Wall, and L. J. Reedman, "Optimal distributed energy resources and the cost of reduced greenhouse gas emissions in a large retail shopping centre," Appl. Energy, vol. 155, pp. 120–130, 2015.

[2] R. Alberto and M. Rioseco, "Inserción de generadores de energía renovable en redes de distribución," 2007.

[3] (Organización De Las Naciones Unidas) Onu, "Convención Marco sobre el Cambio Climático," vol. 21930, p. 40, 2015.

[4] Departamento Nacional de planeacion. (2011) Plan Nacional De Adaptacion Al Cambio Climatico

[5] C. de C. Congreso de Colombia, "Ley N° 1715 Del 13 De Mayo De 2014," no. May, p. 26, 2014

Abstract: In this paper, a novel single-port five-transistor (5T) Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) cell and associated read/write assist is proposed. Amongst them, a word line suppression circuit is to provide a voltage of the respective connected word line to be lower than the power supply voltage VDD, as such the read/write-ability of the cell can be improved and the half-selected cells disturbance can be reduced. Furthermore, a voltage control circuit is coupled to the sources corresponding to the driver transistors of each row memory cells.............

Index Terms: Read/write assist circuitry, Standby start-up circuit, Static random access memory, Word line suppression circuit, Voltage control circuit

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