iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-9 ~ Sep. 2022

Abstract: Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia characterised by cognitive decline & progressive memory loss. The aim of this review was to update the state of knowledge on the pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic methods & therapeutic approach of AD. Currently, the amyloid cascade hypothesis remains the leading theory in the pathophysiology of AD. As per this hypotheses, amyloid β deposits triggers a chemical cascade of events leading to development of AD dementia. The diagnostic procedures mostly depends on fluid based biomarkers such as those present on CSF & plasma or diagnostic imaging methods with recent development of blood based biomarkers like SIMOA (single molecule array) & mass spectrometry based assays proving superior over other assays with immunoprecipitation adding to aid in the diagnosis of AD. In addition to these PrecivityAD test for the.......

Key words: Alzheimers disease, senile plaques, β amyloid protein, tau protein, blood biomarkers, CSF biomarkers, immunotherapy, microglia, oligodendrocyte, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

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[3]. Tiwari S, Atluri V, Kaushik A, Yndart A, Nair M. Alzheimer's disease : pathogenesis diagnostics & therapeutics , International Journal Nanomed . 2019;14: 5541-54.
[4]. Takizawa C, Thompson P L , Van Walsem A, Faure C, Maier W.C. Epidemiological & economic burden of Alzheimer's disease. A systematic literature review of data across Europe & USA. Journal of Alzheimer's disease, JAD 2015; 43: 1271-84.
[5]. Prince M, Bryce R, Albanese E, Wimo A, Ribero W, Ferri C P. The global prevalence of dementia, A systematic review & meta- analysis. Alzheimer's Dementia Journal of Alzheimer's association 2013; 9: 63-75e2.

Abstract: Purpose: To assess the role of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in evaluation of the retinal changes in pathological myopia.To study foveal,macular and vitreous changes with the help of OCT. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. 30 patients with pathological myopia were studied with regard to their visual acuity, amount of myopia with streak retinoscopy and posterior segment changes with dilated fundus examination and OCT. Results :out of 60 eyes , 40% of eyes had refractive error between 6-8 D ,50% of eyes had refractive error between 9-12 D and 10% had > 12D. Various......

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[5]. Ohno-Matsui K. Pathologic myopia. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol 2016;5: 415–423.

Abstract: Orthodontic treatment usually involves a combination of tooth movement and facial growth changes. These changes may be due to natural growth or may be treatment induced. Planning out the timing of an indicative orthodontic treatment in a growing patient enhances the success of prognosis. Growth prediction forecasts the direction and amount of growth in an individual with minimal magnitude of statistical variations. This article reviews about various growth prediction parameters of craniofacial complex and its implications for planning out a successful orthodontic treatment.

Keywords: Growth , Predictors, craniofacial, mandible,rotation

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Abstract: Meckel's diverticulum (MD) being present within a hernial sac characterises the uncommon clinical condition known as Littré's hernia (LH).Despite being the most frequent congenital abnormality of the intestinal tract, MD rarely causes symptoms.However, it might also show up as a number of complications.Since LH's anamneses are similar to those of any other hernia that involves the gut, a preoperative diagnosis is unlikely.Here, we describe the case of a 35-year-old man who had an incarcerated LH in the inguinal region. The diverticulum was successfully removed, and the hernia was then repaired.

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