IOSR-JAP   Volume-15 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep. – Oct. 2023

ABSTRACT: In the present work Sm3+ substituted Mg-Zn ferrites synthesised by Citrate Gel Auto- Combustion method and range of 0.000 to 0.0030 (X step of 0.0005). X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), UV-vis investigation and, fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The XRD and SEM images indicate nanoscale ranges as well as the cubic spinel structure, which is merely phased, and confirm the normal crystallite size. The lattice parameter and volume decrease as density increases. The FTIR data clearly suggests that two metallic bands have formed, confirming the cubic spinel ferrites. The UV-vis investigation demonstrates that the calculated direct band gap energy values have a violet shift. They are excellent for water purifications, memory storage devices.

Keywords - Chemical synthesis: Nano particle: Structural characterization: Optical studies

[1] K D Martinson Et Al. J. Alloys Compd. 894 162554 (2022)
[2] Vivekdhand, Hyunhoshin, Gyeonghunhan, S Bharadwaj, Kyongyoprhee And Sanghoonkim J. Alloys Compd. 910, 164765 (2022)
[3] V Ludhiya, D Ravinder And A Edukondalu Inorg Chem Commun. 150 110558 (2023)
[4] Banoth Baburao, N Hari Kumar, Avula Edukondalu, M Venkata Narayana And D Ravinder Inorg. Chem. Commun. 148 110355 (2023).
[5] A Sadaqat Et Al. Ceram. Int. 45 22538 (2019)

ABSTRACT: Attention is drawn to the method of creating a significant electromagnetic force created by a vortex electric field. Action of the vortex electric field on the dielectric is not compensated by the action of the bound charges of the dielectric on the source of the vortex field, but it satisfies the momentum conservation law.

Key Word: Vortex field, Alternative electric current, Dielectric, Bound charges, Lift force

[1]. Millis M.G. Nasa Breakthrough Propulsion Program. Acta Astronautica. 1999; 44(2-4): 172-182.
[2]. Evans R. Greenglow And The Search For Gravity Control, Leicestershire: Troubador Publishing Ltd, 2015.
[3]. Gerasimov S.A. Aerospace Electromagnetic Thruster With Average Foucault Currents. Advances In Aerospace And Technology. 2022; 7: 25-31.
[4]. Gerasimov S.A. Electromagnetic Thrust Force Of Unclosed Foucault Currents. Iosr Journal Of Applied Physics. 2023; 15(3): 49-52.
[5]. Lombardi G.G. Feynman's Disk Paradox. American Journal Of Physics. 1983; 51(3): 212-214.

ABSTRACT: To optimize the central zone parameters for minimizing the combined effects of astigmatism and primary spherical aberration, we employ a systematic approach involving numerical optimization techniques. We introduce a novel merit function that quantifies the extent of image degradation caused by defocus, astigmatism, and spherical aberration. This function serves as a comprehensive metric for evaluating system performance. Through an iterative optimization process, the central zone parameters are systematically adjusted to minimize the merit function, thereby enhancing image quality and correcting aberrations. The highest degree of the amplitude apodization parameter β leads to an enhancement in the lateral resolution of the central peak

Keywords: Point spread function, Optical aberrations, defocus, Primary Spherical aberration, Astigmatism, Central zone parameter

[1]. Salkapuram Vidya Rani,*Padamuttum Anitha,Nampallysabitha,Dasarikaruna Sagar Engineering Point Spread Function Of Two Zone Aperture Optical Imaging System Under The Combined Influence Of Defocus And Spherical Aberrations.
[2]. A N K Reddy And D Karunasagar, Pramana – J. Phys. 84(1), 117 (2015)
[3]. A N K Reddy And D Karunasagar, Adv. Opt. Technol. 2016, 1608342 (2016)
[4]. W Yang And A B Kotinski, The Astrophys. J. 605, 892 (2004)
[5]. Chenying He, Zhengyi Zhan, Chuankang Li, Xiaofan Sun, Yong Liu, Cuifang Kuang, And Xu Liu Effects Of Optical Aberrations On Localization Of MINFLUX Super-Resolution Microscopy.

ABSTRACT: This paper proves that the Schrödinger equation is no longer valid to stand as the fundamental postulate of quantum mechanics. Most of the non-harmonic wave equations cannot be represented by this equation including the one's in their simplest form has been derived. As the motion of a particle is more complicated and not always harmonic or Gaussian which forms the basis of defining an alternative equation that is all encompassing, complete and accurate to correctly describe the properties and behaviour of a quantum particle.

[1]. Griffiths, David J. (2004). Introduction To Quantum Mechanics (2nd Ed.). Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-111892-8. [2]. Zwiebach, Barton (2022). Mastering Quantum Mechanics: Essentials, Theory, And Applications. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-04613-8. OCLC 1347739457. [3]. Dirac, Paul Adrien Maurice (1930). The Principles Of Quantum Mechanics. Oxford: Clarendon Press. [4]. Von Neumann, John (1932). Mathematische Grundlagen Der Quantenmechanik. Berlin: Springer. English Translation: Mathematical Foundations Of Quantum Mechanics. Translated By Beyer, Robert T. Princeton University Press. 1955. Https://Jhs.Press.Gonzaga.Edu/Articles/10.33972/Jhs.24 [5]. Lerner, R. G.; Trigg, G. L. (1991). Encyclopaedia Of Physics (2nd Ed.). VHC Publishers. ISBN 0-89573-752-3.