IOSR-JAP   Volume-10 ~ Issue-4 ~ July-August 2018

ABSTRACT: The preparation and analysis of morphological, structural, optical, vibrational and compositional properties of tin monosulfide (SnS) thin films deposited on glass substrate by chemical spray pyrolysis is reported. The growth conditions were evaluated to reduce the presence of residual phases different to the SnS orthorhombic phase. X-ray diffraction spectra revealed the poly-crystalline nature of the SnS films with orthorhombic structure and a preferential grain orientation along the (111) direction. At high substrate temperature (450ºC), a crystalline phase corresponding to the Sn2S3 phase was observed. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the dominance of the SnS phase and the presence of an additional Sn2S3 phase. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images reveal that..........

Key Words: SnS, thin films, chemical spray pyrolysis, XRD, Raman spectroscopy,AFM, SEM, resistivity

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[4]. K.T.R. Reddy, N.K. Reddy, and R.W. Miles, Sol. Energy Mat. Sol. C 90, 3041 (2006).
[5]. C. Gao, H.L. Shen, L. Sun, H.B. Huang, L.F. Lu, and H. Cai, Mater. Lett. 64, 2177 (2010)..

ABSTRACT: The Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) nanowire thin films were grown on FTO substrates by chemical bath deposition (CBD) at 70 °C and annealed in an air atmosphere at a different temperature. Corn-like nanowire structure was observed when the CdSe/FTO nanowire thin films were annealed at 573, 673 and 773 K. It was determined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) that the diameters of the CdSe/FTO nanowires and corn-like nanowires were around 20–40 nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that these films had a mixed phase of cubic and hexagonal. It was observed.........

Keywords: CdSe/FTO, corn-like nanowires, thin films,four-point probe method.

[1]. Dasgupta N P, Sun J, Liu C, Brittman S, Andrews S C, Lim J, Gao H, Yan R and Yang P2014 25th anniversary
article:semiconductor nanowires–synthesis, characterization, and applications Advanced mater.14 2137-84
[2]. Shi Y, Li H, Wang L, Shen W.and Chen H 2012 Novel Fe2O3/CdS Cornlike Nanorods with Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance
Appl. Mater. Interfaces 4 4800-06
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with Hierarchical Pore StructuresChem. Mater. 18 4231-37
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Characterization, and ApplicationsAdv. Mater.15 353-89
[5]. Yang P, Yan R and Fardy M 2010 Semiconductor Nanowire: What's Next? Nano Lett. 10 1529-36.

ABSTRACT: This study focused on analysing variability and trends in rainfall in ten meteorological stations across Nigeria namely, Port Harcourt (4.51˚N, 7.01˚E),Ikeja (6.35˚N, 3.20˚E), and Benin ( 6.340 N, 5.630 E ) in the Rain forest, Makurdi (7.70N, 8.50E), Ilorin (8.480 N, 4.540E) and Enugu (6.28˚N, 7.33˚E) in Guinea savanna,Kaduna (10.5°N, 7.44°E,) and Bauchi (10.300 N , 10.00E) in Sudan Savanna while Sokoto (13.01˚N, 5.15˚E) Maiduguri (11.51˚N, 13.05˚E) in Sahel savanna. Monthly rainfall data for this study for the period of 31years (1985 - 2015) were obtained from the archives of the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) Oshodi, Lagos.The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used to determine the mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation in all the study areas.Simple linear regression analysis and a modified non-parametric Mann-Kendall trend test were.........

Keywords: Rainfall, climate change, Trend, zone..

[1]. Abeysingha, N.S., Singh, M., Sehgal V.K., Khanna M., andPathak H. (2014). Analysis of rainfall and temperature trend in Gomti River basin. Journal of Agricultural Physics, 14(1), 56-66.
[2]. Jain, A.K., and Kumar V. (2012). Trend Analysis of Rainfall and Temperature Data for India. Current Science, 102(1):37-49.
[3]. Khavse, R., Deshmukh R., Manikandan N., Chaudhary J.L., and Kaushik D. (2015). Statistical Analysis of Temperature andRainfall Trend in Raipur District of Chhattisgarh. Current World Environment, 10(1):305-312.
[4]. Banerjee, S., Mukherj A., Mukhopadhaya, A., Saikia B., Bandyaopadhaya S., and Chatterjee S. (2010). Agro-Climatic Characterization of Two Selected Stations in the Southern West Bengal, India. J. Sci. Foundation, 8(1and2), 49-54
[5]. Patra J.P., Mishra A., Singh, R., and Raghuwanshi, N.S. (2012). Detecting Rainfall Trends in Twentieth Century (1871-2006)over Orissa State, India. Climatic Change 111, 801-817..