Volume-1 ~ Issue-1
- Citation
- Abstract
- Reference
| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Face Recognition and Retrieval Using LLBP and URFB |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | G.Komala Yadav, M.Venkata Ramana |
| : | 10.9790/4200-0110122 ![]() |
ABSTRACT:Face recognition is one of the major issues in biometric technology. It identifies and/or verifies a
person by using a 2D/3D physical characteristics of the face images. Several techniques have been proposed for
solving a major problem in face recognition such as fisher face, elastic bunch graph matching and support
vector machine. However there are still many challenge problems in face recognition system such as facial
expressions, pose variations occlusion and illumination change. Those variations dramatically degrade the
performance of face recognition system. It is essential to build an efficient system for face recognition. We
introduce a novel face representation method for face recognition integrated with URFB called Local Line
Binary Pattern (LLBP) summarizes the local spatial structure of an image by thresholding the local window
with binary weight and introduce the decimal number as a texture presentation .Moreover it consumes less
computational cost. The basic idea of LLBP is to first obtain the binary code both along the horizontal and
vertical directions separately and its magnitude, which characterizes the change in image intensity such as
edges and corners, is then computed along with the unified relevance feedback(URFB) shows the advantage
over traditional retrieval mechanisms. To seamlessly combine texture feature based retrieval system, a query<
concept-dependent fusion strategy is automatically learned.
Experimental results on ORL data base consisting of 400 images show that the proposed framework is widely
scalable, and effective for recognition, classification and retrieval.
Keywords: Binary Code, LLBP, ORL database, Texture , URFB
Keywords: Binary Code, LLBP, ORL database, Texture , URFB
[1] J. Rocchio, Relevance Feedback in Information Retrieval. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1971.
[2] Ojala, M. Pietik¨ainen, and D. Harwood. A comparative study of texture measures with classification based on featured
distributions. Pattern Recognition, 29(1):51–59, 1996.
[3] P. N. Belhumeur, J. P. Hespanha, and D. J. Kriegman. Eigenfaces vs. fisherfaces: Recognition using class specific linear projection.
IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 20:71–86, 1997.
[4] A [7] G. Guo, S. Z. Li, and K. Chan. Face recognition by supporz vector machines. In Proc. Intl Conf. Automatic Face and Gesture
Recognition, pages 196–201, 2000.
[ 5] T. Ahonen, A. Hadid, Face recognition with local binary pattern,2004.
[6] T. Chen, W. Yin, X. Zhou, D. Comaniciu, and T. Huang. Illumination normalization for face recognition and uneven background
correction using total variation based image models. In Proc. IEEE Intl. Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2005.
[7] T. Chen,W. Yin, X. S. Zhou, D. Comaniciu, and T. S. Huang. Total variation models for variable lighting face recognition. IEEE
Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 28:1519–1524, 2006.
[8] Q. Tao and R. N. J. Veldhuis. Illumination normalization based on simplified local binary patterns for a face verification system.
In Biometrics Symposium 2007 at The Biometrics Consortium Conference, Baltimore, Maryland, pages 1–7, USA, September 2007.
IEEE Computational Intelligence Society. [19] Google Image Search, [Online]. Available: http://images.google.com
[9] Yahoo Image Search, [Online]. Available: http://images.search.yahoo. com/
[10] Altavisa Image Search, [Online]. Available: http://www.altavista.com/image/
[2] Ojala, M. Pietik¨ainen, and D. Harwood. A comparative study of texture measures with classification based on featured
distributions. Pattern Recognition, 29(1):51–59, 1996.
[3] P. N. Belhumeur, J. P. Hespanha, and D. J. Kriegman. Eigenfaces vs. fisherfaces: Recognition using class specific linear projection.
IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 20:71–86, 1997.
[4] A [7] G. Guo, S. Z. Li, and K. Chan. Face recognition by supporz vector machines. In Proc. Intl Conf. Automatic Face and Gesture
Recognition, pages 196–201, 2000.
[ 5] T. Ahonen, A. Hadid, Face recognition with local binary pattern,2004.
[6] T. Chen, W. Yin, X. Zhou, D. Comaniciu, and T. Huang. Illumination normalization for face recognition and uneven background
correction using total variation based image models. In Proc. IEEE Intl. Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2005.
[7] T. Chen,W. Yin, X. S. Zhou, D. Comaniciu, and T. S. Huang. Total variation models for variable lighting face recognition. IEEE
Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 28:1519–1524, 2006.
[8] Q. Tao and R. N. J. Veldhuis. Illumination normalization based on simplified local binary patterns for a face verification system.
In Biometrics Symposium 2007 at The Biometrics Consortium Conference, Baltimore, Maryland, pages 1–7, USA, September 2007.
IEEE Computational Intelligence Society. [19] Google Image Search, [Online]. Available: http://images.google.com
[9] Yahoo Image Search, [Online]. Available: http://images.search.yahoo. com/
[10] Altavisa Image Search, [Online]. Available: http://www.altavista.com/image/
- Citation
- Abstract
- Reference
ABSTRACT:Crosstalk creates signal integrity issues due to capacitive coupling between adjacent interconnect
wires and it is a matter of concern in high frequency interconnects. The reported work on crosstalk induced
signal integrity issues in CNT interconnects till date were assuming the value of coupling capacitance as
equivalent to the coupling effect between metal interconnects of same dimensions. This work tries to fill that
gap; by analyzing crosstalk in bundled SWCNTs with a better model for extracting inter bundle real life
coupling capacitances. This work also proposes a novel idea of reducing crosstalk effects by using low-k
dielectric materials as isolation between adjacent nets. It is found that compact bundles separated by low-k
dielectric can reduce crosstalk effect considerably.
Keywords - Crosstalk, signal integrity, SWCNT, MWCNT, Mixed CNT
Keywords - Crosstalk, signal integrity, SWCNT, MWCNT, Mixed CNT
[1] Banerjee, K. and Srivastava, N., Performance Analysis of Carbon Nanotube interconnects for VLSI Applications, IEEE
Int.Computer Aided Design Conf., San Jose, CA, 2005, 383-390
[2] Rossi, D. , Cazeaux, J. M. , Metra, C. and Lombardi, Modeling crosstalk effects in CNT bus architectures, IEEE Trans.
Nanotechnology , 6(2), 2005, 133–145
[3] Shao-Ning Pu, Wen-Yan Yin, Jun-Fa Mao, and Qing H. Liu, Crosstalk Prediction of Single- and Double-Walled Carbon-
Nanotube (SWCNT/DWCNT) Bundle Interconnects, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices,56 (4), 2009, 560-568
[4] Marcello D‟Amore, Maria Sabrina Sarto, and Alessio Tamburrano, Fast Transient Analysis of Next-Generation Interconnects
Based on Carbon Nanotubes, IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat.,52(2), 2010, 496- 503
[5] Debaprasad Das, Hafzur Rahaman, Analysis of crosstalk in single and multiwall carbon Nanotube interconnects and its impact
on gate oxide reliability‟, IEEE Trans. Nanotechnology,10(6), 2011, 1362-1370
[6] Kailiang Zhang , Bo Tian , Xiaosong Zhu , Fang Wang and Jun Wei, Crosstalk analysis of carbon nanotube bundl Interconnects‟,
Nanoscale Research Letters , 2012, 7:138.
Int.Computer Aided Design Conf., San Jose, CA, 2005, 383-390
[2] Rossi, D. , Cazeaux, J. M. , Metra, C. and Lombardi, Modeling crosstalk effects in CNT bus architectures, IEEE Trans.
Nanotechnology , 6(2), 2005, 133–145
[3] Shao-Ning Pu, Wen-Yan Yin, Jun-Fa Mao, and Qing H. Liu, Crosstalk Prediction of Single- and Double-Walled Carbon-
Nanotube (SWCNT/DWCNT) Bundle Interconnects, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices,56 (4), 2009, 560-568
[4] Marcello D‟Amore, Maria Sabrina Sarto, and Alessio Tamburrano, Fast Transient Analysis of Next-Generation Interconnects
Based on Carbon Nanotubes, IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat.,52(2), 2010, 496- 503
[5] Debaprasad Das, Hafzur Rahaman, Analysis of crosstalk in single and multiwall carbon Nanotube interconnects and its impact
on gate oxide reliability‟, IEEE Trans. Nanotechnology,10(6), 2011, 1362-1370
[6] Kailiang Zhang , Bo Tian , Xiaosong Zhu , Fang Wang and Jun Wei, Crosstalk analysis of carbon nanotube bundl Interconnects‟,
Nanoscale Research Letters , 2012, 7:138.
- Citation
- Abstract
- Reference
ABSTRACT: Job satisfaction is a sense of fulfilment that an employee derives from his job. This study investigated
core self evaluations and emotional intelligence as correlates of job satisfaction among selected senior
secondary school teachers in Oyo and Ogun States of Nigeria with the aim of enhancing job satisfaction in the
profession. The sample consisted of three hundred participants drawn with simple random sampling technique
from twelve selected schools. Six valid and reliable instruments were used for data collection; Self Esteem Scale
(r = 0.86), Generalised Self Efficacy Scale (r= 0.75); Neuroticism Scale (r= 0.86); Emotional Intelligence Scale
(r = 0.84); Work Locus of Control scale (r= 0.76) and Job Satisfaction Scale (r = 0.82). The administration
lasted four weeks. Using correlations and multiple regression analysis, the results show that core self
Evaluations and Emotional Intelligence jointly and relatively contributed to job satisfaction among secondary
school teachers. On the strength of the findings, the need to foster the Core Self Evaluations and Emotional
Intelligence to enhance job satisfaction was stressed and advocated.
Keywords: Core Self Evaluations, Emotional intelligence, Job Satisfaction.
Keywords: Core Self Evaluations, Emotional intelligence, Job Satisfaction.
[1] Adeyemo, D.A (2000) Job involvement; Career Commitment, Organisational Commitment and Job Satisfaction of the Nigerian
Police. A multiple regression analysis. Journal of Advance Studies in Educational Management.
[2] Adeyemo, D.A. (2007). Emotional intelligence and the Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Organisational Commitment
of Employee in Public Parastatals in Oyo State. Nigeria. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences 4(2) 324-330.
[3] Adokiye A.O. (2005) Teacher Education in the Year 2000 plus: Issues, Challenges and Prospects. Knowledge Review Volume
II No 2 November 2005.
[4] Agho, A.O. Mueller, C.W. and Price, J.L.(1993)."Determinants of Employee Job Satisfaction: An Empirical Test of a Causal
Model‟, Human Relations, 46:1007-1027.
[5] Alliance for Excellent Education (2005) Teacher Attrition. A Costly loss to the Nation and to the States retrieved June 24, 2011
from http://www.all4ed.org/publications/ issuebriefs.html.
[6] Awosanya, O.O. (2010) The Roles of Core Self – Evaluations and Emotional Intelligence in the Job Satisfactory of Public Sector
Employees in Oyo State. An Unpublished Masters Dissertation. University of Ibadan.
[7] Bar-on, R. (1997). The Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-I): A Test of Emotional Intelligence. Toronto, Canada: Multi – Health
System. Inc,.
[8] Baumeister, R. F., Campbell, J. D., Krueger, J. I., & Vohs, K. D. (2003). Does High Self Esteem Cause Better Performance,
Interpersonal Success, Happiness, or Healthier Life Styles? Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 4, 1-44.
[9] Billingsley, B.S. (2004) Special Education Teacher Retention and Attrition. A Critical Analysis of the Research Literature. The
Journal of Special Education, 38, 39 – 55.
[10] Boudreau, Boswell, Judge and Bretz, (2001). Personality and Cognitive Ability as Predictors of Job Search among Employed
Managers. Personnel Psychology, 54(1),25-26.
Police. A multiple regression analysis. Journal of Advance Studies in Educational Management.
[2] Adeyemo, D.A. (2007). Emotional intelligence and the Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Organisational Commitment
of Employee in Public Parastatals in Oyo State. Nigeria. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences 4(2) 324-330.
[3] Adokiye A.O. (2005) Teacher Education in the Year 2000 plus: Issues, Challenges and Prospects. Knowledge Review Volume
II No 2 November 2005.
[4] Agho, A.O. Mueller, C.W. and Price, J.L.(1993)."Determinants of Employee Job Satisfaction: An Empirical Test of a Causal
Model‟, Human Relations, 46:1007-1027.
[5] Alliance for Excellent Education (2005) Teacher Attrition. A Costly loss to the Nation and to the States retrieved June 24, 2011
from http://www.all4ed.org/publications/ issuebriefs.html.
[6] Awosanya, O.O. (2010) The Roles of Core Self – Evaluations and Emotional Intelligence in the Job Satisfactory of Public Sector
Employees in Oyo State. An Unpublished Masters Dissertation. University of Ibadan.
[7] Bar-on, R. (1997). The Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-I): A Test of Emotional Intelligence. Toronto, Canada: Multi – Health
System. Inc,.
[8] Baumeister, R. F., Campbell, J. D., Krueger, J. I., & Vohs, K. D. (2003). Does High Self Esteem Cause Better Performance,
Interpersonal Success, Happiness, or Healthier Life Styles? Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 4, 1-44.
[9] Billingsley, B.S. (2004) Special Education Teacher Retention and Attrition. A Critical Analysis of the Research Literature. The
Journal of Special Education, 38, 39 – 55.
[10] Boudreau, Boswell, Judge and Bretz, (2001). Personality and Cognitive Ability as Predictors of Job Search among Employed
Managers. Personnel Psychology, 54(1),25-26.
