Volume-6 ~ Issue-6
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | A comparative study of various diagnostic techniques for Cryptosporidiosis |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Nautiyal S., Pinto M. J. W., Rodrigues S. |
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: | 10.9790/3008-0660106  |
Abstract: Diarrhoeal disease is a common complication of infection with HIV. Cryptosporidium has gained importance as an AIDS indicator disease and a cause of intractable diarrhoea in immunosuppressed individuals. This warranted a study of stool specimens of HIV positive patients with (n=60) and without (n=60) diarrhoea along with their HIV negative counterparts (n=200). Microscopic examination for ova and cysts were done using wet mount and Lugol's iodine preparation. Smears were stained with Kinyoun Cold Acid Fast (KCAF) and Auramine 'O' fluorochrome (AOF) staining methods to identify Cryptosporidium oocysts. ELISA using Cryptosporidium microplate assay (alexon Inc) for detection of Cryptosporidium antigen was conducted on all stool specimens. By KCAF staining detection of Cryptosporidium in HIV positive subjects with diarrhoea was 20%, by AOF it was 7.5% and by ELISA the detection rate went up to 30%. All the detailed result were statistically compared taking KCAF staining as gold standard which revealed AOF staining to have sensitivity of 36.67% and specificity of 99.31% while ELISA was found to have sensitivity of 83.88% and specificity of 96.55%. Keeping in mind the present scenario of HIV infection in India and more so in Goa, it is recommended to include detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in routine parasitological examination of stool specimens and an urgent need to standardize a gold standard for various diagnostic tests presently available.
Key words: Auramine 'O' fluorochrome staining, Cryptosporidiosis, ELISA for Cryptosporidium antigen, Kinyoun Cold Acid Fast staining.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | A Fossil Gymnospermous Leaf Gnetalophyllum deccanii gen. et sp.nov. From The Deccan Intertrappean Beds of Mohgaonkalan, M.P., India |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | S. D. Narkhede, A. S. Khursel |
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: | 10.9790/3008-0660710 |
Abstract: Mohagaonkalan is the well known locality of the Deccan intertrappean series of Chhindwara district, of Madhya pradesh belonging to upper most cretaceous period. The present fossil leaf Gnetalophyllum deccanii collected from the deccan Intertrappean beds of Mohgaonkalan. The leaf is Gymnospermous, triangular in shape with ridges and furrows. Mesophyll undifferentiated, transfusion tissues are totally absent and vascular tissue present in radiating arm fashion. On comparison it shows close affinities with the order Gnetales. It measures 3099um in length along with lamina and 1433μm in width in the median region were as 1033μm in the laminar region.
Keywords: Deccan, Gymnospermic, Intertrappean, Mesophyll,Triangular.
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[4]. Narkhede,S.D.&Qurashi,S.P.(2004) A new petrified leaf from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of Mohgaonkalan, M.P.,India, Proc.National Sympo.Bioresources &Bioenterprise pp.28-32.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | In vitro regeneration of multiple shoots from encapsulated somatic embryos of Artemisia vulgaris L. |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | M. S. Sudarshana, Rajashekar N., Niranjan M. H., Rezwan Karami Borzabad |
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: | 10.9790/3008-0661115 |
Abstract: A protocol has been established for plant regeneration from encapsulated somatic embryos of Artemisia vulgaris L. Encapsulated somatic embryo of A. vulgaris gave better response at 2% alginate, 75mM calcium chloride hardened for 30 minutes. Morphogenic response and percentage of conversion into plantlets of encapsulated beads on storage and temperature effect were studied. Further, encapsulated somatic embryo retrieved from storage conditions was evaluated for its viability. The encapsulated embryos can be stored upto 4 months at 40C, 200C and 220C. Maximum conversion frequency of 90% was observed from encapsulated somatic embryos cultured on MS medium supplemented with GA3 (1.5mg/l), IAA (0.5mg/l) and Ascorbic acid (40mg/l) and 22oC temperature was found to be optimum irrespective of storage periods. In the present investigation, the development of multiple shoots from a single synthetic seed is a recent record.
Keywords: Artemisia, somatic embryo, encapsulation, synthetic seeds, cold storage. Abbreviations: BAP- benzylaminopurine; GA3 – gibberellic acid; MS-Murashige and Skoog medium
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Laser Evoked Bio-stimulation for Bone Fracture Healing (Case Report Study) |
| Country | : | Egypt |
| Authors | : | Emad Hamdy Guber, Osama Fekry Ahmed |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0661618 |
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The stimulating effect of low level laser phototherapy on bone healing has been shown in a number of in vitro and animal studies. However, the effect of LLLT on the bone healing in human has not been previously wide demonstrated. The article reports an accidentally injury pattern and reported as fractures of the mid third of the left tibia. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this case study was to demonstrate the biological effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on tibial fractures treated surgically using radiographic, examinations. CASE REPORT: The case hospitalized for conventional surgery and followed by applying Low Level Laser Therapy LLLT to enhance and accelerate the bone fracture healing of the left tibia using the effect of laser bio-stimulation. Radiological x-ray imaging evaluation follow up for our case showed a significant bone healing rate as result of exposure of Diode Laser 650 nm with energy density of 5 J/cm2 three times/week for one month. Radiographic findings revealed no significant fracture callus thickness difference before using LLLT however, the fractures showed significant callus formation after using LLLT. CONCLUSION: The study suggests that LLLT accelerates the process of fracture repair or cause increases in callus volume
Keywords: Low Level Laser, Laser bio-stimulation, and bone fractures healing
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