iosr-JPBS   Volume-9 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep-Oct 2014

Abstract: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis is quiet difficult to treat or say, recovery the patients is prolonged.Iraq has a high burden of Tuberculosis (TB) and ranks the 44th.worldwide among the countries with a high TB burden and the 5th.among the countries of the Eastern mediterranean Region.This study was designed to evaluate the Anti-tuberculosis effect of a new compound of Argan Oil 100%,which has been fetched from Morocco Kingdom combined with Sidr extract 62.5g\L against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Ten isolates Mycobacterium tuberculosis were isolated from patients who attended Consultants Clinic of Respiratory and Thoracic Diseases in Hilla city, Iraq. All investigated patients were preliminary diagnosed by X- ray to have TB. The effect of mixture of Argan oil 100% and sidr extract 62.5g\L was tested on M. tuberculosis by incorporation the mixture with Lowenstein-Jensen (L.J) medium in different ratio to get final volume mixture: L.J. medium. Accordingly ratios were; 1: 9, 0.75:9.25, 0.5: 9.5, 0.4:9.6, 0.3:9.7, 0.25:9.75, 0.2:9.8 and 0.1: 9.9ml. L.J. medium was autoclaved for sterilization and kept to cool at 45C° then the appropriate concentrations the compound were added. The medium was inoculated with the TB.The growth of TBwas observed in positive control tube while no growth was seen in the tubes containing the mixture of compounds although the reading of TB. growth continued for28 days of incubation. Similar results displayed for all other mixtures of different ratio (1: 9, 0.75:9.25, 0.5: 9.5, 0.4:9.6, 0.3:9.7, 0.25:9.75, 0.2:9.8 and 0.1: 9.9)ml.The new compound used in this study revealed valuable effect against TB. Afterincorporated with culture media.

Keywords: Argan oil.Sidr extract.Anti-tuberculosis

Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate genetic polymorphism in apoptotic gene, BCL-2 (C938A), and the risk of bladder cancer through a hospital-based case-control study. This retrospective analysis consisted of 270 cases of bladder cancer and 252 controls. The BCL-2 938 AA genotype showed a decreased risk of bladder cancer among smokers (OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.19-0.85), hence, showing a protective effect. The BCL-2 938 AA genotype also showed a significant decreased risk among vegetarians (OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.14-1.06) for bladder cancer. No significant associations were observed for this polymorphism among any of the stages or grades of carcinoma of urinary bladder.

Keywords: Bladder Cancer, BCL-2, Polymorphism, SNP, Apoptosis

Abstract: Rabeprazole sodium is highly acid-labile and presents many formulation challenges and to protect it from acidic environment of the stomach an enteric coated tablet formulation is tried in the present study. This study is aimed to develop pharmaceutically equivalent and stable enteric-coated tablets of Rabeprazole sodium comparable to innovator product. Different Formulations of Rabeprazole core tablets were developed using mannitol as diluent and croscarmellose as super disintegrant in different proportions. Further optimized formulation was coated with varying the compositions of sub coating and enteric coating using opadry white and enteric yellow. Compatibility studies were performed for drug, physical mixture tablet which shows no interaction. From the dissolution the formulation F6 shows highest percentage of drug release. The kinetics of drug release for F6 & Innovator followed first order and 'n' value ( 0.5>n<1) shows that the mechanism may be erosion control rate release. The f1 and f2 were found to be 3.03 and 72.01 respectively for formulation F6 and innovator product. Hence these two products were considered similar and comparable. In the accelerated stability testing carried out at 40°c and 75% RH for three months, no significant change in the physical properties, drug content, and dissolution rate of formulation F6 was observed. From this it can be concluded that formulation F6 developed is found to be an efficient delayed release formulations of Rabeprazole comparable to the innovator product. Thus the study fulfilled the objective of developing efficient Rabeprazole delayed release tablets.

Keywords: Rabeprazole sodium, Enteric coated tablets, Dissolution rate.

Abstract: Sesame is an important source of oil and protein. The quality of sesame crop is adversely affected by various fungal diseases, which not only reduce its production but also affects its export in various countries. During the mycological analysis of sesame seeds in our previous report, a total number of 36 species belonging to 10 genera of fungi were isolated. The prevalent genera were Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cercospora, Fusarium, Penicillium and Rhizopus. The present study aimed to test the seed viability and pathogenecity of the predominant fungi infecting sesame in region of Sialkot, Pakistan. Results indicated that the germination rate was increased and seed borne fungi were eliminated with seedsterilization. The pathogenecityof isolates was evaluatedat seedling stage which confirmed the incidence of prevalent fungi. Plant growth was significantly decreased in inoculated plants as compared to un-inoculated plants. Deleterious effects on roots were observed which ultimately affected the whole seedlings. Therefore, we may conclude that fungal test species used in this study are virulent pathogens of sesame which can be controlled by different seed treatments before sowing.

Key Words: Pathogenecity; Sesame; Seed borne; Seed Viability.