iosr-JMCE   Volume-8 ~ Issue-6

Abstract: The tremendous potential of sisal (Agave sp.) as an important plant resource has not so far been fully exploited in our country. Sisal leaves yield quality fibres, which are utilized for conventional purposes like ropes, anchors, cordage and handicrafts. The superior engineering properties of sisal makes it an excellent green material for its application in major sectors like marine, automotive, construction and renewable energy etc. Preliminary investigations indicate that there is a great scope for the development of sisal based technologies for rural and engineering applications. The sisal fibre and its allied activities could augment employment opportunities for income generation in rural sector, whereas its engineering applications can generate substantial employment potential in semi-urban and urban areas. New opportunities for the use of sisal fibre as a reinforcing fibre in commodity papers potentially offers large markets and employment generation for rural area people in India.

Key words: Sisal fiber, Sisal roofs, Automobiles, Renewable Energy, Employment, Cultivation, Sisal economy model.

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[10]. Li Yan, Yiu-wing Mai and Lin Ye ,Sisal fibre and its composites: A review of recent developments. Composite Science & [11] Meena, Technology,2000, 60, pp. 2037-2055

Abstract: Typical engine fuels are blends of various fuels species, i.e., multi component. Thus, the original single component fuel vaporization model was replaced by a multi component fuel vaporization model .The model has been extended to model diesel sprays under typical diesel conditions, including the effect of fuel cetane number variation .Necessary modifications were carried out at the various cooling rates. Found the performance of the diesel engine under various cooling rates at various cetane numbers, also various quantities of exhaust gas was re circulated and found performance of the engine.

[1]. A Text book on "Internal Combustion Engine" by Domkunwar Text book on "Internal Combustion Engine" by R.K.Rajput.
[2]. Harilal S. Sorathia* , Dr. Pravin P. Rahhod and Arvind S. Sorathiya "EFFECT OF EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION (EGR) ON NOx EMISSION FROM C.I. ENGINE" - A REVIEW STUDY, International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Studies E-ISSN2249–8974
[3]. Kyung-Wook Choi, Ki-Bum Kim and Ki-Hyung Lee* "Investigation of emission characteristics affected by new cooling system in a diesel engine"in Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 23 (2009) 1866~1870.
[4]. Avinash Kumar Agrawal_1, Shrawan Kumar Singh2, Shailendra Sinha1 And Mritunjay Kumar," Effect of EGR on the exhaust gas temperature and exhaust opacity in compression ignition engines" S¯adhan¯a Vol. 29, Part 3, June 2004, pp. 275–284. © Printed in India.
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[7]. Henein, N. A., and Zadeh, A., "Diesel cold starting Actual cycle analysis under borderline conditions,"
[8]. SAE Paper 900441,199O.
[9]. Halstead, M., Kirsh, L. and Quinn, C. "The Auto ignition of Hydrocarbon Fuels at High Temperatures and Pressures - Fitting of a Mathematical Model," Combust. Flame, 30, 45-60,1977.
[10]. Kong, S.C. and Reitz, R.D. "Multidimensional Modeling of Diesel Ignition and Combustion Using a Multistep Kinetics Model," ASME Transactions, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol.115, pp. 781-789,1993.

Abstract: The basic object of this paper is compression of refrigerant by the consumption of high amplitude sound waves that results the generation thermal Energy. For generation of sound waves a loud speaker (or common audio speaker) has been employed for creating high amplitude sound waves which compresses refrigerant (helium) by the well Known thermodynamics process of heat absorption. A Thermo acoustic refrigerator is fabricated with a cooler and loud speaker. The acoustic power produced by a loud speaker as a sound waves reaches to heat the pump. The cooler works on a reverse Carnot cycle by incorporating a compact acoustic network to create the travelling wave phasing necessary to operate. As the acoustic wave propagates temperature difference occurs at the ends of stack, heat and cold is trap by the heat exchangers regenerator from a cold heat exchanger to an ambient one. Instead of using co-axial topology network, the toroidal is used. The design, construction and performance measurement of the cooler are also discussed. Finally, at 80 C a coefficient of performance 7.0 is achieved.

Key words: Thermo Acoustic Refrigeration, toroidal, high amplitude sound waves, heat exchanger.

[1]. Heat and mass transfer data book by C.P.kodandaram and S.subramanyan
[2]. Thermo dynamics by R.S.kurmi ,R.K rajput
[3]. Refrigeration and air conditioning by domkundwar , Arora
[4]. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/thermo/carnot.html.
[5]. Daniel A. Russell and Pontus Weibull, "Tabletop thermo acoustic refrigerator for demonstrations," Am. J. Phys. 70 (12), December 2002.
[6]. G. W. Swift, "Thermo acoustic engines and refrigerators," Phys. Today 48, 22-28 (1995).
[7]. http://www.howstuffworks.com/stirling-engine.htm.
[8]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnot_cycle.
[9]. Chilling at Ben & Jerry‟s: Cleaner, Greener." Ken Brown. Available:
[10]. http://www.thermoacousticscorp.com/news/index.cfm/ID/4.htm. 17 July 2006.

Abstract: The power sector is one of the sectors of the India's economy. The development of the country to a large extent is dependent on the growth of this sector. Through the progress of the power sector during the past four decades has been sustainable, the power industry has been unable to fulfill primary obligation of production quality power supply in required quantity. We did our project in Stage- 4, Unit -7 of Dr. Narla Tata Rao Thermal Power Station, Vijayawada and analyzed the performance of the boiler of the above-mentioned unit of capacity 500MW. Our project was mainly concerned with the Boiler Operations & Maintenance Department (O&M). Initially, we calculated the performance and efficiency of the boiler. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach is utilised for the creation of a two-dimensional model of the economizer coil. Using mild steel material in the economizer part it gives better performance compared with the carbon steel material. The fluid flow temperature, pressure is increase and velocity is decrease field of fluid flow within an economizer tube using the actual boundary conditions have been analyzed using CFD tool. So the boiler performance will be increased. And the experimental setup is from Dr. NTTPS, Vijayawada having the unit no IV of 500 MW energy generations.

Keywords: Two pass boiler, Boiler efficiency, CFD modeling, Economizer

[1]. A Text Book of Internal Combustion Engines: by Rajput, Laxmi publications.
[2]. A Text Book of Thermal Engineering by R.K. Rajput, Laxmi publications.
[3]. A Text Book of Design data Hand book by S.Md.Jalaludeen, Anuradha Publications.
[4]. Suhas V Patankar "Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Dynamics".
[5]. P.K.NAG"Power Plant Engineering", 2006, Tata McGraw-Hill Publication.