iosr-JMCE   Volume-8 ~ Issue-3

Abstract: According to the ACI building code, the concrete slab can be divided into two types depending on the ratio of the long side to the short side. Regarding the results of the ratio, the concrete slab can be divided as one-way and two-way slabs. The main objective of this paper is to study the stress or moments distribution in solid slab panel in its two directions and compare with ACI code assumption that the load is transferred mainly in short direction and most of the load is transferred in one direction only if the ratio of the longer span to the shorter span is greater than one. This will be discussed by analyzing one panel of solid slab using the computer software SAP2000. Two types of panels will be used; the first one a panel that is supported simply on its four sides and the second panel is supported only by four pin supports and beams. This paper shows that the gravity load on the slab is transferred to long and short direction. This means that one-way concrete solid slab doesn't exist and all concrete solid slabs work as a two-way concrete slab. Keywords: bending stress, FEM analysis, one-way slab, simply supported slab, two-way slab

[1] Wight and Macgregor. (2012), Reinforced Concrete Mechanics and Design (6th edition)

[2] Mehta, Scarborough, and Armpriest. (2009), Building Construction Principles, Materials, and Systems

[3] Jawad.(2012),"Investigation of load distribution factors for simply-supported composite multiple box girder bridges",Master of Applied Science in Civil Engineering, Ryerson University,Toronto, Ontario, Canada

[4] Parv and Nicoreac. (2012) "Global structural analysis of central cores supported tall buildings compared with FEM', Acta Technica Napocensis: Civil Engineering & Architecture, Vol. 55, No. 3, 252-262

[5] Salama. (2012)," Analysis of slabs spanning in two directions under concentrated load" Housing and Building National Research Center, 1-5

[6] Alverne.(2012), "Determination of the reinforced concrete slabs ultimate load using finite element method and mathematical programming" .lajss,69-93

Abstract: In the present study, the non-linear response of RC frame using FE modeling under the incremental loading has been carried out in the first phase of analysis to study the response and load-carrying capacity of a four storeyed RC frame using non-linear finite element analysis. In the second phase of study an analysis model for retrofitted RC frame using finite element method using software ATENA is presented. The results obtained from FE analysis in both cases are compared with the experimental data for four storeyed RC frame tested by BARC at CPRI. The results from finite element analysis were calculated at the same location as used in experimental test. The accuracy of the finite element model is assessed by the comparison with experimental results which are to be in good agreement. The base shear/ displacement curves from finite element analysis agree well with the experimental results in linear range. The maximum difference in base shear is observed to be 7.9%.

Key Words: Finite Element modeling, Reinforced concrete frame, fibre reinforced polymer and retrofitted frame.

[1] A. Habibullah, S. Pyle, Practical Three Dimensional Non-near Static Push-Over Analysis. Structure magazine, winter 1998.
[2] H.G. Kwak, C.F. Fillipou, Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Structures Under Monotonic Loading, Structural Engineering Mechanics and Materials, Report no. UCB/ SEMM-90/14, 1990.
[3] M. Kachlakev, T. Miller, PE. Solomon, P.E; Yim, K. Chansawat, T. Potisuk, Finite Element Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Structures Strengthened with FRP laminates, Final Report OREGON Department of transportation.2001.
[4] Amer, M. I., Mohammad, M. (2009) , Finite Element Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Strengthened with FRP Laminates, European Journal of Scientific Research, ISSN 1450-216X, 30 (4), 2009, 526-541.
[5] H. Singhal, Finite Element Modeling of Retrofitted RCC Beams, M.E. Thesis, Thapar University, Patiala.2009.
[6] T.Supaviriyakit, P.Pornpongsaroj, and A. Pimanmas, Finite Element Analysis of FRP Strengthened RC beams, Songklanakarin J. Science Technology, 26(4), 2004, 497-507.
[7] Santhakumar, R., Chandrasekaran, E. and Dhanaraj, R. ,Analysis of retrofitted reinforced concrete shear beams using carbon fiber composites, Electronic journal of structural engineering, 4, 2004, 66-74.
[8] M. Barbato, Efficient finite element modeling of reinforced concrete beams retrofitted with fibre reinforced polymers, Journal of Computers and Structures, 87, 2009, 167-176.N. Pannirselvam, P.N. Raghunath, and K. Suguna, Strength Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Beam with Externally Bonded Fibre Reinforcement Polymer Reinforcement, American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 1(3), 2008, 192-199.
[9] G. Camata, E. Spacone, R. Zarnic, Experimental and non linear Finite Element studies of RC beams strengthened with FRP plates, Journal of Composites: Part B, 38,2007, 277-288.
[10] B. Ferracuti, B.M. Savoia, C. Mazzotti, A numerical model for FRP-concrete delamination, Journal of Composites, Part B 37, 2006, 356-364.

Abstract: Power box is a component which is used in earth movers. It controls the power circuit. It has top cover, front cover, back cover and side panel. The aim of the paper is to create the L&T power box side panel by using parametric pro/E wild fire 5.0. The part modeling, Core-cavity design, CNC manufacturing programming and Mould flow analysis i.e simulation to avoid potential mould-filling problems is done by pro/E wild fire 5.0. Mould base design and Mould calculations are also done in this paper according to HASCO standards. The material selection for mould design is taken as EN31B steel. Structural analysis is done for core and cavity by using ANSYS software to know the pressure, displacement, stress results. Cost of the total die assembly and cost comparison of different plastic components (HDPE, ABS, PP, and PC) are estimated. Here the process is using in injection moulding and manufacturing a variety of parts from simple to complex components.

Keywords: Injection moulding, Mould flow analysis, plastic materials, Power box, Tool design.

[1] Georg menges , Hans Pecker "Computer Aided Engineering in Injection molding" Journal on comprehensive polymer science & Supplements, vol .7 1989 .Pages 451-488.
[2] Millers and Pedgen D, 2000, "Introduction to Manufacturing Simulation", Proceedings of the 2000 winter simulation conference PP 63-66.
[3] A.H.S.Park ,X.P.Dang, A.Roderburg, "Development of Plastic Panels " CIRP Journal of Manufacturing &Techonology vol 26 Pages 35-53.
[4] Alan.R.Grayer, "Alternative approaches in Geometric modeling", Journal on CAD, volume 12, issue 4,july 1980, pages 189-192.
[5] Erh Guoliangxu, "Mixed Finite Element Methods for Geometric modeling using 4th order geometric flows. "Journal on Computer Aided Geometric Design". vol 26, issue 4, may 2009,Pages 378-395.
[6] E.G.Gottstain, M.Goerdeler, G.V.S.S Prasad "Mechanical Properties :Plastic Behaviour" Journal on Encyclopedia of condensed matter of Physics"2005 Pages 298-305.
[7] C.Khan molek. L.Robert,A.Singh . "High Resolution Thermo plastic Rapid Manufacturing using Injection Moulding". CIRP Journal of Manufacturing science and technology, volume 4, issue 4 2011, Pages 382-390.
[8] E.Maine, M.F.Ash by "Material selection & Mechanical Design "Journal on Encyclopedia of Material ,Science &Technology 2nd edition pages 53-83.
[9] M.zakria Baig, "Industrial Engineering Estimating &Costing", Radiant Publishing House
[10] Japan.s.Daniel.L. and Theodor .k.2005. "Finite Element Analysis of Beams", Journal of Impact engg. vol 31, Pages 861-876.

Abstract: Current industrial robots are made very heavy to achieve high Stiffness which increases the accuracy of their motion. However this heaviness limits the robot speed and in masses the required energy to move the system. The requirement for higher speed and better system performance makes it necessary to consider a new generation of light weight manipulators as an alternative to today's massive inefficient ones. Light weight manipulators require Less energy to move and they have larger payload abilities and more maneuverability. However due to the dynamic effects of structural flexibility, their control is much more difficult. Therefore, there is a need to develop accurate dynamic models for design and control of such systems.This project presents the flexibility and Kineto - Elasto dynamic analysis of robot manipulator considering deflection. Based on the distributed parameter method, the generalized motion equations of robot manipulator with flexible links are derived. The final formulation of the motion equations is used to model general complex elastic manipulators with nonlinear rigid-body and elastic motion in dynamics and it can be used in the flexibility analysis of robot manipulators and spatial mechanisms. Manipulator end-effector path trajectory, velocity and accelerations are plotted. Joint torques is to be determined for each joint trajectory (Dynamics) .Using joint torques, static loading due to link's masses, masses at joints, and payload, the robot arms elastic deformations are to be found by using ANSYS-12.0 software package. Elastic compensation is inserted in coordinates of robotic programming to get exact end-effectors path. A comparison of paths trajectory of the end-effector is to be plotted. Also variation of torques is plotted after considering elastic compensation. These torque variations are included in the robotic programming for getting the accurate end-effect or's path trajectory.

Keywords: Manipulator, Speed, Accuracy,, Path trajectory, FEA analysis.

[l] Moh.khairudin, "Dynamic modeling of a flexible link manipulator robot "university negeri, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.2010 ISSN 1693-6930.

[2] A.Ahmadi nadooshan, E.Abedi, s.salehi,"Dynamic modeling of two flexible link manipulator",2008International journal of aero space and mechanical engineering.

[3] B.Subudhi, A.S morris "Dynamic modeling,simulation and controling of a manipulator with flexible links and joints",2008Robotics and atonomous systems.257-270.

[4] K.S. Fu, R.C. Gonzalez, and C.S.G. Lee, Robotics Control, Sensing, h i o n , and Intelligence,;McGraw-Hill, 1987.