iosr-JMCE   Volume-7 ~ Issue-1

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Combine Effect of Metakaolin, Fly Ash and Steel Fiber on Mechanical Properties of High Strength Concrete
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Vinod B. Shikhare, L. G. Kalurkar
	:	10.9790/1684-0710104

Abstract: In this experimental study the changes on some mechanical properties of concrete specimens produced by Metakaolin, fly Ash and steel fibers were investigated. The main objective of this work is to obtain a more ductile high strength concrete produced by using Metakaolin, Fly Ash and Steel Fiber. Three types of steel fibers were used in the experiments and volume fractions of steel fiber were 0.5% to 4.0 %. Addition of metakaolin and fly ash into the concrete were 5 % and 10 % by weight of cement content respectively. Water/cement ratio was 0.27. Compressive strength and split tensile strength tests were made on hardened concrete specimens. The use of metakaolin increased mechanical strength of concrete. On the other hand, the addition of steel fiber into concrete improves ductility of high strength concrete significantly.

Keywords–Compressive Strength, Fly Ash, High Strength Concrete (HSC), High Strength Fiber Reinforced Concrete (HSFRC), Metakaolin, Split Tensile Strength, Steel Fiber.

[1] Chitlange M. R., Bang, R. S., Pajgade P. S., "Strength appraisal of artificial sand as a fine aggregate in steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC)",ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol.5,No.10,October 2010,pp.34-38.
[2] Sabir B.B., Wild S. BaiJ. "Metakaolin and calcined clays as pozzolans for concrete: a review", Cement and concrete research, 23(2001), pp.441-454.
[3] Dr. P. Srinivasa Rao, Dr. Sravana, Dr. Z. Abdul Rahim and Dr. T. Seshadri Sekhar, " Durability Studies on Steel Fiber Reinforced Metakaolin Blended Concrete", AKGEJC International Journal of Technology,Vol. 3,No.1, pp.38-43.
[4] J. Bai, S. Wild, B. B. Sabir and J. M. Kinuthia, "Strength development in concrete incorporating PFA and Metakaolin", Magazine of concrete research, 52, 2000, pp.-153-162.
[5] Dasari Venkateswara Reddy and Prashant Y. Pawade, "Combine effect of silica fume and steel fiber on mechanical properties on standard grade of concrete and their interrelations", International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology, Vol.III, Issue I, January-March, 2012, pp.-361-366.
[6] Dr. P. Srinivasa Rao, Dr. Sravana, Dr. Z. Abdul Rahim, Dr. T. Seshadri Sekhar and Dr. P. Aarathi, "Cracking Behavior of Metakaolin blended high strength concrete in flexure by using crimped steel fibers", Journal of Civil Engineering Science: An International Journal, Vol.1, No.1-2, January-December,2012,pp.-15-24.
[7] IS: 456-2000, "Indian Standard for code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete".
[8] IS: 12269-1989, "Indian Standard Specification for 53 Grade Ordinary Portland Cement".
[9] IS: 383-1970, "Specification for course and Fine Aggregates from natural sources for concrete." Bureau of Indian standards, New
Delhi.
[10] IS: 516-1959, Edition 1.2 (1991-07), "Indian Standard for Methods of test for strength of concrete.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Failure Analysis of Centre Pin Joint Used In Heavy Assault Bridge
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dnyaneshwar J. Sushir, Prashant N. Ulhe
	:	10.9790/1684-0710511

Abstract: Strategy is important to win the war in army. Every army has two major divisions as infantry and artillery. Artillery is dependent on the armored vehicles such as tanks, missile carriers and trucks. The movement of armored vehicles has vital importance in war to win. In order to cross the obstacles such as rivers, canals army has to build arrangement which will be quicker and faster to construct the bridge. These kinds of quickly constructed bridges are known as Heavy Assault Bridge. Its job is to allow armored units to cross the obstacles. The Heavy Assault bridge is rated for normal crossings of military load classification of 60 tons. Centre Pin Joint is placed between modules of the girders in a single bridge span. The maximum stresses will develop at centre pin joint only. Before failure of bridge centre pin joint will fail. So proper centre pin design is the main criteria. The objective of this project is to perform a failure analysis of the centre pin joint used in heavy assault bridge. So it is very important to determine high-stress areas of concern and to increase its load carrying capacity by design modification. As previously centre pin joint is replaced by modified pin joint, its load carrying capacity will be enhanced. Riveting of pin would be eliminated. Finally, conclusions based on the results and recommendations which can be extensions of this project are also presented.

Keywords - Heavy assault bridge, Centre pin joint, Ansys..

[1] Department of the Army, 1990,"TM5-5420-203, Technical Manual: Operator's Unit, Direct Support and General Support Maintenance for Bridge, Armored Vehicle Launched: Scissoring Type: Class 60 and Class 70 Aluminium; 60 Foot Span; For M48A5 and M60 Launcher, MLC60 and MLC70," Headquarters, Department of the Army, Washington, D.C.

[2] Choi, Jeong-Hoon, 2000,"The Fracture Analysis and Remaining Life Estimation of the HAB Sub-Components," Master Thesis submitted to West Virginia University 5. Lewis R., 1987, "Production line applications of automated NDT systems," IEE.

[3] H.V.S. Ganga Rao, P. Klinkhachorn, U.B. Halabe, R.H.L. Chen, R. Kalluri, Alluri, E.S. Sazonov and J.H. Choi, "Damage and remaining life assessment for AVLB", Constructed Facilities Centre, West Virginia University, 2001, Submitted to U.S. Army Tank-Automotive and Armament Command Acquisition Center , U.S. Army grant DAAE07-96-C-x226.

[4] Krason W. and Filiks L., Rigid and deformable models in the numerical strength test of Scissor Bridge.

[5] Dacko M., Krason W. and Filiks L., Experimental and numerical testing of the modernized BLG-67 Bridge.

[6] Reference manual, ANSYS, Version 12.

[7] Sienkiewicz O.C. and Taylor R.L., The Finite Element Method, Vol.1: The Basis, fifth edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 2000.

[8] Ministry of National Defense in India: Military Bridges, Manual, published by DRDO.

[9] Operational Manual: Trilateral design and test code for military bridging and gap-crossing equipment, Publisher in the United States, 1996.

[10] Indian Heavy Assault Bridge Kartik.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Experimental Evaluation of the Effect of Thread Angle on the Fatigue Life of Bolts
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Er. Shuhaib Mushtaq* , Dr. Nazir Ahmad Sheikh
	:	10.9790/1684-0711219

Abstract: The present work is concerned with fatigue strength, obtained by plotting the S-N Curves for determining the fatigue life of various thread geometries of bolts under cyclic loading. The stress equations obtained from Majzoobi are being used for calculations of core stress produced due to cyclic loading, which is being carried usually by the first thread of the bolt. The higher stress concentration occurs in the root of first threads.The experimental work has been carried out for five different thread profiles of varying flank angles, having six samples of each profile. The fatigue testing on each profile has been performed under cyclic loading, in order to obtain the number of cycles to failure of a particular specimen. The results obtained experimentally have been compared with the work of Gane . Finally the work is used to obtain the failure life of bolts, which means which thread profile has higher fatigue life or simply higher strength to failure. As strength is of direct use to the designer regarding the safety of structures.

Keywords: Fatigue, ISO Bolts, Thread, Pitch, Diameter

[1] R.A. Higgins, ―Engineering Metallurgy—Applied Physical Metallurgy‖ 6th ed., Arnold, 1993

[2] Bouwman, L.P., ―Bolted connections dynamically loaded in tension‖ ASCE, J. of the Structural Division, Vol. 108, September 1982.

[3] Arnold SM. ―Effects of screw threads on fatigue‖. Mech Eng 1943; vol. 65: 497–505. [4] Patterson EA. ―A comparative study of methods for estimating bolt fatigue limits‖. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct 1990; vol.13:59–81.

[5] Burguete RL, Patterson EA. ―The effect of mean stress on the fatigue limit of high tensile bolts‖. Proc Inst Mech Engrs 1995; vol. 209: 257–62.

[6] Shigley JE, Mischke CR. ―Mechanical engineering design‖. 5th edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1989.

[7] Cook NH.‖ Mechanics and materials for design‖. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1985.

[8] Gunn K. ―Effect of yielding on the fatigue properties of test pieces containing stress concentrations‖. Aeronaut Quart 1955; vol. 6: 277–94.

[9] Waltermire WG. ―Coarse or fine threads‖ Mach Des 1960; vol. 32(6):134–40.

[10] Dragoni E. ―Effect of thread pitch and frictional coefficient on the stress concentration in metric nut–bolt connections‖. ASME Trans J Offshore Mech Arctic Eng 1994; vol. 116(1): 21–7.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Comparative Study of End Moments Regarding Application of Rotation Contribution Method (Kani's Method) & Moment Distribution Method for the Analysis of Portal Frame
Country	:	India
Authors	:	P. R. Patil, M. D. Pidurkar, R. H. Mohankar
	:	10.9790/1684-0712025

Abstract: Analysis of portal frames involves lot of complications and tedious calculations by conventional methods. To carry out such analysis is a time consuming task. The rotation contribution method i.e. Kani's Method & Moment Distribution Method for analysis of portal frames can be handy in approximate and quick analysis so as to get the detailed estimates ready. In this work, these two methods have been applied only for vertical loading conditions. This paper presents the analysis of portal frame, considering mainly the case of single bay portal frame, which is the most common in practice. The Kani's method is self correcting, that is, the error, if any, in a cycle is corrected automatically in the subsequent cycles. The checking is easier as only the last cycle is required to be checked. The convergence is generally fast. It leads to the solutions in just a few cycles of iterations.

Keywords - Portal Frame, Kani's Method, Moment Distribution Method, Rotation Contribution Method

[1] Junnarkar S.B. Mechanics of Structures, Valumes I & II. Chartor Book Stall, Anand, India.
[2] Mohan Kalani. Analysis of continuous beams and frames with bars of variable crosssection. I. Indian Concrete Journal, March 1971.
[3] Raz Sarwar Alam. Analytical Methods in Structural Engineering. Wiley Eastern Private Limited, New Delhi, India.
[4] Vazirani V.N. & Ratwani M.M. Analysis of Structures, Khanna Publishers, Delhi, India.
[5] Volokh, K.Y. (2002). On foundations of the Hardy Cross method. International Journal of Solids and Structures,Volume 39, Issue 16, August 2002, Pages 4197-4200