IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-2 ~ Issue-5 ~ Jan–Feb 2013

Abstract: It is an understatement that security remains one of the principal challenges bedeviling the nation . Real estate as a matter of fact is no exemption. Hence, this paper attempts to consider security challenges as they affect residential real estate in Ado Ekiti, Ekiti-State .The systematic sampling technique was adopted on Adamolekun estate (private) and Irewolede estate (public). Results of findings showed that individual efforts were more pronounced in the area of providing adequate security. The authors concluded by recommending that government should do something substantial to compliment the private efforts, by encouraging community and neighbourhood policing in residential real estate in order to ameliorate security challenges in Nigeria.
Keywords: Ado-Ekiti , challenges, Residential, , Real estate, security,

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Abstract: Present communication reports in vivo dose and duration dependent effects of a dioxin (2,3,7,8 TCDD) on few membrane bound ion dependent ATPases of mice hepatocytes. Two hypotheses were tested in this study. Separate groups of mice were exposed to two very low sublethal doses (0.004 mg/kg bw, 0.04 mg/kg bw) of TCDD by daily oral administration for 2, 4 and 6 days. Separate control groups were also maintained which received only corn oil, the vehicle. The results indicated a significant exposure duration dependent alterations in the membrane ATPases. No clear dose dependent effects were observed. The results suggested that the observed alteration in the enzyme activity was possibly due to the oxidative stress generated by TCDD on the membrane-bound ion-dependent ATPases. The results also indicated that the membrane bound hydrophilic ATPases were indeed influenced by the hydrophobic TCDD. However, the effects were possibly indirect through complex chain of reactions exhibited by the cells under in vivo conditions. ROS was suspected to have played an important role in the alterations of membrane transport systems and permeability which caused cellular injury, and thereby exhibiting exposure duration dependent effects.
Keywords: ATPases, Dose & Duration dependent effects, liver, mice ,TCDD

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Abstract: Sixteen sediments samples were obtained from eleven beaches along the Cross River channel in Nigeria. The sediments were analysis for heavy metal contaminants such as Fe, Cu, Mn, Cr, Zn, Hg, Pd, Cd, Ni, Ti and V during the wet season of the year 2011 using EDXRF. Hg, Pd, Cd were not detected from all the samples. The most abundant metal detected was iron. Enrichment Factor (EF) of the heavy metal contaminants in the sediments calculated ranged from 20.000 – 0.133, indicating significant enrichment of the sediments sampled at some locations due to human activities. The geo-accumulation Index (Igeo) calculated shows no contamination to moderate contamination.
Keywords: Sediments, heavy metals, Enrichment factor, geo-accumulation index, contaminants, elements

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Abstract: Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) was carried out around a municipal solid waste dumpsite with the objective of monitoring spatial and temporal variations of dumpsite emissions in soil and groundwater along four (4) traverse lines. Results show that the baseline exhibits less spatial and temporal variations in resistivities than the monitor data along each traverse. The study revealed that the dumpsite was in its exothermic phase of activity in the first two years of active waste dumping and endothermic at the cessation of waste dumping and final reclamation after four years of operation. The exothermic phase was characterized by the production of enormous volumes of leachate and relatively conductive waste gases, predominantly Carbon dioxide (CO2), Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and Ammonium (NH3), by infiltrating rainwater through the waste pile, groundwater inflow and aerobic decomposition of waste matter. The endothermic phase is accompanied by the production of more waste gases than leachate, especially the non-conductive methane gas (CH4) and nonmethane volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by the anaerobic decomposition of waste matter due to compaction effects resulting in the inhibition of the circulation of oxygen-rich air within the waste pile. The dump was observed to be at the peak of its methanological phase during the endothermic cycle. This is especially pronounced in the resistivity of the monitor data situated at the edge of the dumpsite, which exhibits anomalously high resistivities compared to the baseline due to increased non-conductive methane gas generation, VOCs, and reduced temperature within the dump. The reference data exhibits intermediate resistivities relative to the traverses closer to the dumpsite. The waste gases dominate at this offset, while the impact of leachate has considerably reduced.
Keywords: Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), Baseline data, Monitor data, Dumpsite, and Solid waste

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