IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-8 ~ Issue-11 ~ November 2014

Abstract: The serum samples of 100 HIV positive patients on medication (protease inhibitors) and 100 HIV positive patients not on medication (control) attending Faith Alive Foundation, Jos, were investigated for their serum glucose level using Dialab liquid reagent kits. The mean results of the serum glucose level were higher in female test (5.4302) and male test (4.9702) than in control female (4.8403) and control male (4.9435) respectively. The mean comparison was made using one way ANOVA and the result showed that the serum glucose levels of female and male tests against female and male control was not clinically significant (p > 0.05). However Comparison by age group made using the Post Hoc test shows that age group of 41 to 60years and above, shows a clinical significant difference (P < 0.05). This led to the conclusion that protease inhibitors have associated side effects of which glucose is among them and should therefore be monitored in the cause of treatment to prevent hyperglycemia that can lead to diabetes as well as other complications.

Key words: HIV, Glucose, Protease, Protease Inhibitors, Diabetes, Hyperglycemia.

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Abstract: The determination of β -carotene was carried out by solvent extraction, these solvent includes, petroleum spirit and ethanol and the absorbance measured with a spectrophotometer (spectronic min 20) @480nm with molar extinction co efficient of 2.23. β -carotene levels of the various vegetables were found to be; Zogale Moringa oleifera with β-carotene level of 0.18 ± 0.0013 mg/ L, Dinya Vitex doniana 0.17 ± 0.0024 and Red sorrel Herbiscus sabdarifa 0.17 ± 0.0014 mg/ L, β From the results as indicated the various levels of β-carotene content is a good indication that, these local vegetable if taken, will correct abnormally derived from the lack of vitamin 'A' Keywords: β-carotene, Spectrophotometer, Zogale, Dinya, red sorrel.

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Abstract: We appraised in this study the public awareness of the imminent danger due to elemental concentration of the resident in Lapai local government areas and Tatiko, a village under Paikoro local government areas in Niger State, Nigeria about the constant usage of clay potteries in cooking, storage of drinking water, eating and drinking of water. Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) was employed and two irradiation regimes developed based on short lived and long lived radionuclides. The Nigerian Research Reactor-1 was employed and the irradiation time set to five minutes and six hours at operating fluxes of 2.5 × 1011 n/cm2/sec and 5.0 × 1011 n/cm2/sec respectively for the two regimes developed. The gamma-rays from the activated samples were measured using the HPGe detector and twenty four elements; Na, Mg, Al, Ti , V, K, Mn, Dy, Cr, Fe, As, Br, La, Sm, Yb, Sc, Co, Rb, Cs, Ba, Eu, Lu, Hf, Ta were obtained quantitatively. Arsenic (As) and chromium (Cr) known to be heavy metals fall in the range of 0.64 50 ± 0.16 ppm – 1.63 50 ± 0.06 ppm and 29.20 50 ± 0.36 ppm – 74.80 50 ± 0.23 ppm respectively. The concentrations of La, Sm, Co, Ba, and Cr also known to be toxic were obtained within the range of 56.20 ± 21 – 102.00 ± 43 ppm, 8.14 ± 0.32 – 13.10 ± 0.2 ppm, 6.22 ± 0.22 – 21.50 ± 0.26 ppm, 218.00 ± 28 – 711.00 ± 41 ppm and 29.20 ± 23 – 80.80 ± 21 ppm respectively in all the ten composite clay potteries samples. Furthermore the concentrations of Al and Ti in the samples were obtained at percentage levels in the range of 7.605 ± 0.006 % – 10.03 50 ± 0.026 % and 0.40 ± 0.03 % – 1.02 ± 0.07 % respectively. These detected metals may dissolve from the clay potteries onto the food during cooking, eating, drinking of water or storage of food/water and will result to serious health consequence.

Keywords: Toxic Elements, Research Reactor, Clay Potteries, Heavy Metal, Light Metals,

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