IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-13 ~ Issue-1 ~ January 2019

Abstract: Curd is a natural and healing food which prevents from numerous enteric diseases. It contains lactic acid bacteria and a perfect balance of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals and water. Curd boosts the immune system and enhances stamina. It strengthens natural immunity by stimulation of mucosal and systemic host immunity. Further it activates macrophages, enhances the level of immunoglobulins, natural killer cell activities and cytokines in the host body. A good number of studies have been published on the effects of curd on human health. The benefits of curd in maintaining health, treatment of disease and management have been investigated in animal models and human subjects. Some studies have proved that curd is effective in the treatment of AIDS, cancer, diabetes, insomnia and hepatic diseases. Although clinical research has progressed, more clinical evidences are needed to establish the efficacy and limitations of curd in the treatment of various diseases. It is important to resolve whether curd is superior to the existing therapies.

Keywords: Curd, probiotics, diseases, immunity, lactic acid bacteria

[1]. Gubai, C. C. Disposal of Children Feaces and Implication for the Control of Childhood Diarrhea. Journal of the Royal Society of Health,2008, 124(60): 276 – 9.
[2]. Microsoft Encarta (2009). 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation.
[3]. Dady, A. O. An Analytical Framework for the Study of Child Survival in Developing Countries. Strategies for Research Supplements to Population and Development, 2003, 10: 25 – 45.
[4]. Kenrad, C and Carlyn, S. Common Childhood killer Diseases Associated with Climatic Conditions. A Global Review, 2008, Medical News Today (2012, September 18)
[5]. Mathew, E.F., Loannis, A .B., John, k., George , K .D. Publication of International Centre for diarrhea Disease Research, Bangladesh, 2005...

Abstract: Introduction: House provides a physical framework in which human, social, economic and cultural resources are realized, enriched and integrated. In the traditional African setting, a house is one of the greatly cherished material properties. This is partly due to other vital cultural functions of houses which include protection of family cohesion and values, taking care of aged through extended family system, properties for inheritance and preservation of ancestral values among others. In developing countries such as Nigeria, the major factors that cause morbidity and mortality are traceable to factors arising from poor environmental sanitation. Poor housing sanitation, coupled with rapid increase in population in the urban and rural centers have encouraged the preponderance of various health.......

[1]. Achi, L. B. (2000). Waste management in Kaduna state – "A collective approach" Paper presented at industrial Pollution Abatement Committee (IPAC) with Kaduna Environmental Protection Agency (KEPA), March 2000, Kaduna
[2]. Achi, L. B. (2002). Effective collection, transportation and hygienic disposal of solid waste in Kaduna State. Paper presented at the training workshop on waste management organized by FGN/UNDP/Kaduna State in collaboration with Janz Investment Limited at Federal Livestock Department and Pest Control Services, Kaduna 26 –29th February, 2002.
[3]. Adetoye, F (1999). Impact of socioeconomic factors and population density. Environ Health Perspective 2002;110:419–25. [PubMed: 11940461]
[4]. Adewole, O. (1982). Waste disposal and environment.New Nigerian Newspaper of Wednesday March 31, (1999) Pp. 7 Brian L. (1982).Community Health and Social Services.Published by Hodder and Stoughton London Sydrey Auckland Toronto. Pp 130 – 139.
[5]. Ahmed, M. and Adewale, O. (1994). Environmental Law and Sustainable Development in Nigeria, Institute of Advance Legal Studies, Lagos...

Abstract: In the absence of pressure gradients, conditions prevalent in the batch experiments, gas –phase diffusion dominates migration of volatile pollutants in the unsaturated zone. Gas –phase diffusion in the unsaturated zone is affected by partitioning into soil-water, onto air-water and into or onto solid. The process spreads only the contaminants in the gas phase where contaminants with low mass fraction fa in the soil gas diffuse more slowly depending on the soil and chemical properties on the diffusing substance. This study shows Non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPL) compounds with higher mass fraction (Isooctane (0.82), n-hexane (0.78), methylcyclopentane (0.54)) diffuse to a longer distance (1.75m, 1.30m, 1.50m) than those with low mass fraction (toluene (0.04), m-xylene (0.04),........

Keywords: Non-aqueous phase liquids, Diffusion, VOCs, Unsaturated zone, Mass fraction

[1]. Alexander, M.: Biodegradation and Bioremediation. Elsevier Science (1999)
[2]. Yong, R.N., Mohamed, A.M.O., Warkentin, B.P.: Principles of contaminant transport in soils. Elsevier (1992)
[3]. Kaluarachchi, J.J.: Groundwater Contamination by Organic Pollutants. Presented at the (2000)
[4]. Baker, R.S., Bierschenk, J.: Vacuum‐enhanced recovery of water and NAPL: Concept and field test. Soil Sediment Contam. 4, 57–76 (1995)
[5]. Wiedemeier, T.H., Rifai, H.S., Newell, C.J., Wilson, J.T.: Natural attenuation of fuels and chlorinated solvents in the subsurface. John Wiley & Sons (1999) 2005...