iosr-JEEE   Volume-2 ~ Issue-4

Abstract: The matrix converter (MC) for motor drive applications and energy conversion systems is steadily increasing due to its main advantage of performing a direct coupling between two three-phase alternating current sources without the need of an intermediate direct current bus. The input filters characteristics design for matrix converter system: to reduce the high harmonic components at the main power supply current and to improve the input voltage distortion for matrix converter, the unity power factor at the main power supply side is only achieved at the high output load and decreases greatly at the light load conditions. This paper proposes a new direct space vector modulation (DSVM) method to achieve the required displacement angle between input voltage and input current of matrix converter. A new switching strategy is introduced based on the maximum compensated angle and for the controllable input power factor of matrix converter. The power factor compensation algorithms using the new DSVM method to achieve the maximum IPF are presented, in which compensation algorithm I is based on using the input filter and power supply parameters to estimate the optimal compensated angle. Compensation algorithm II is subsequently proposed using a proportional–integral controller to overcome drawbacks presented in compensation algorithm I. Simulation results with inductive load (RL) are shown to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Keywords - Direct space vector modulation (DSVM) method, input filter, matrixconverter (MC).

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converter induction motor drive," IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 841–847, May/Jun. 2005.
[4] P. W. Wheeler, J. Rodriguez, J. C. Clare, L. Empringham, and A.Weinstein, "Matrix converters: A technology review," IEEE
Trans. Ind.Electron., vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 276–288, Apr. 2002.
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analysis of electrical drives fed by matrix converters," in Proc. IEEE ISIE, Jul. 2002, vol. 4, pp. 1108–1113.
[8] D. Casadei, G. Serra, A. Tani, and L. Zarri, "Effects of input voltage measurement on stability of matrix converter drive system,"
Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng.—Elect. Power Appl., vol. 151, no. 4, pp. 487–497, Jul. 2004.
[9] D. Casadei, G. Serra, A. Tani, A. Trentin, and L. Zarri, "Theoretical, and experimental investigation on the stability of matrix
converters," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 52, no. 5, pp. 1409–1419, Oct. 2005.
[10] D. Casadei, J. Clare, L. Empringham, G. Serra, A. Tani, P. W. Wheeler, and L. Zarri, "Large-signal model for the stability analysis
of matrix onverters," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 939–950, Apr. 2007.

Abstract: Recent advances in computer hardware and signal processing have now a way to communicate with the outside world, but even with the last modern techniques, such systems still suffer communication Recent advances in computer hardware and signal processing have made possible the use of EEG signals or "brain waves" for communication between humans and computers The EEG is composed of electrical potentials arising from several sources. Each source (including separate neural clusters, blink artifact) projects a unique topography onto the scalp. These maps are mixed according to the principle of linear superposition. Here we attempt a Independent component analysis (ICA) of different algorithms to reverse the superposition by separating the EEG into mutually independent scalp maps, later removing their noise by set the threshold level and finally we classify the five mental tasks through the use of the electroencephalogram (EEG) by the neural network technique.
Keywords: EEG database, Independent component analysis (ICA) Algorithm, MAT LAB,.

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Abstract:This paper presents a method to determine the weakest bus in a distribution network. The voltage stability indicator (VSI) identifies the weakest bus of system. The voltage stability indicator is derived from the voltage equation of radial distribution system. The weakest bus voltage profile is improved by placing a DSTATCOM. The DSTATCOM is modeled to supply the required reactive power for compensation and to maintain the voltage magnitude of the node where DSTATCOM is placed as 1 p.u. The validity of the proposed VSI and DSTATCOM modeling is examined by a standard 33 bus radial distribution system. The results validate the proposed VSI and DSTATCOM models in large distribution systems.
Keywords - Distribution system, DSTATCOM, load flow, voltage stability, voltage stability indicator (VSI).

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Abstract :India is the world's fourth largest economy and has a fast growing energy market. India's current power capacity is 30% short of demand. Coal and petroleum are the primary sources of energy. High ash content in Indian coal and inefficient combustion technologies contribute to India's emission of air particulate matter and other trace gases, including gases that are responsible for the greenhouse effect. Climate change is one of the most serious single challenges faced by humankind today. Probably one of the greatest impacts in reducing CO2 emissions will be made by the introduction of Zero Emission Fossil Fuel Power Plants including carbon dioxide capture and storage. CO2 is the main greenhouse gas due to the very high overall amount emitted by human activities and about one third of the overall human CO2 emissions are produced by the power generation sector. The zero-emission power plant is no longer a fantasy. Filters are becoming increasingly sophisticated; removing dust and other harmful substances from exhaust Gases. And in the future, new power generation technologies should prevent Emissions of carbon dioxide getting into the atmosphere. Enhanced measurement Methods and more efficient power distribution are also helping to ensure cleaner air.
Keywords: Syngas, oxyfuel combustion, IGCC, co2 capture technologies, SOFC-GT.

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Abstract :This paper describes contrive and effectuation of active distance sensing device using MATLAB
(Matrix Laboratory) and GUIDE (Graphical User Interface Design Environment) software packages. Image acquisition toolbox in MATLAB acquires images through image acquisition device such as a Laptop based webcam or a digital video camera. Image processing toolbox in MATLAB processes the images, detects the desired objects and filters the noise present in the images. The program in M-file computes the distance between the desired objects. GUIDE enables user interaction with the device. Hence it acts as a distance sensor. The proposed method can be used in many large scale applications such as to find the distance between the moving< cars/aircrafts with a high resolution camera and comparatively low cost with other equipments.
Key words: MATLAB, GUIDE, M-file, Image Processing

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Abstract :This paper presents a modified instantaneous power control scheme of D-STATCOM for powe factor and harmonic compensation. The proposed control strategy has been introduced in order to enhance some steady-state performances besides its functional elimination of power quality disturbances. Usage of SRF Controller to control the current .Power factor and harmonic current of a controlled feeder section are two vital roles in steady-state power distribution system operation. Utilizing an already installed D-STATCOM to achieve these additional control objectives can help system operators maximize overall system performances To verify its use, a 22-kV power distribution feeder with a three-phase rectifier load was tested.

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Abstract :This paper shows an application of Artificial Network Technique for the analysis of load flow and determines the power system static states that is, bus voltages magnitudes and voltage angles of a balanced radial distribution system, without executing the power flow algorithm, for any given load. As the performance of the conventional load flow methods such as Fast decoupled load flow, Newton-Raphson load flow is found to be very poor under critical conditions such as high R/X ratio, heavily loading condition etc. The proposed method makes use of a multi-layer feed forward ANN with error back propagation learning algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed ANN-BPN based approach is tested by sample IEEE 33-bus, indicating its viability for RDS load flow assessment and results are presented.
Keywords: ANN-BPN, Artificial Intelligence, forward-backward sweep, ladder Iterative Technique, power flow< analysis.

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Abstract :Cu2S and CdS nanoparticles due to their unique band character, high extinction coefficients and impact ionization effects are the most promising light absorbers for solar cells. Here Cu2S and CdS nanoparticles are prepared by wet chemical method and are characterized using UV-Vis Absorption Spectroscopy and X-ray Diffraction. The thin film of Cu2S/CdS is prepared using Spin Coating technique. Cu2S/CdS solar cells form a p-n heterojunction solar cells with CdS having energy gap of 4.4eV and Cu2S having an energy gap of 2.65 eV. The results are quite appreciable and 10.9% efficiency is obtained from Cu2S/CdS thin-film solar cell. The photovoltaic properties including I–V characteristics, short-circuit current (Isc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (ff), efficiency (η) of Cu2S/CdS heterojunction cells have been examined.
Keywords: Cu2S/CdS solar cell, Illumination, I-V Characteristics, Open circuit voltage, Short circuit current

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