iosr-JEEE   Volume-1 ~ Issue-5

Abstract: State space regulators are not as well known by many of the engineers either they are a little bit
more complicated to understand either a modeling of a system is needed to design a robust and stable feedback
loop however, there is a variety of plants, where a use of state space regulators can be used. Especially if regulators
of multiple in & multiple out systems need to be designed is not so complicated regulator structure causes
very often very robust stable system, which never could be reached by PID regulators. The paper helps in view
of control feedback and simplifies the decision weather to choose a conventional structure or state space regulators.
Keywords: Regulator, state observer , state space, pole placement, LQR, LTR

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Abstract: This research paper deals with networking of power system based on smart meter system. This paper will provide a complete look of smart system which involves smart meter, smart houses. The proposed method in this paper is quite efficient and reliable in contrast to all aspects to the global world. The proposed system in this paper will deals with whole power consumption and carry out all the communication throughout the entire system. The key cell in this smart system is customer house which must be a smart house as all the devices or appliances are smart due to installation of a wireless card. The card is communication icon between smart meter and appliances. A number of such smart houses are joint together to form a network under a single town server. This town server will manage both powers, one from service provider and other from regenerative sources installed in smart houses. The communication between smart house meter to town server is through local PSTN and also with power line. Many such town servers are connected in the entire system through PSTN and power line for power transmission so that they can share their information through PSTN and also power through power line. while all the town servers are connected to a main server through PSTN. All the smart houses are controlled by town server. Town server takes consumption of power for each instant from meter and save it and send it to main server after each hour. Town server also manage power in its area also from other town servers to fulfill the requirements of smart houses. Main server receive information from town server after exactly one hour and compile a bill up to that reading. The control of main server is associated with service provider. The main advantages of this system is that removal of high radiation as in ordinary system and in case of any disturbance at main server will not allow to let the system down Keywords –smart meter,smart appliances,smar,t wireless cards

[1.] Verma, V.; Singh, B.; Chandra, A.; AI-Haddad, K.; , "PowerConditioner for Variable-Frequency Drives in Offshore Oil Fields,"
[2.] Industry Applications, IEEE Transactions on , vo1.46, no.2, pp.731-739, March-april 2010.
[3.] Rajagopal, V.; Singh, B.; Kasal, G.K..; , "Electronic load controlle with power quality improvement of isolated induction generator for small hydro power generation," Renewable Power Generation, lET, vol.5, no.2, pp.202-213, March 2011.
[4.] Soder, Lennart; , "Explaining Power System Operation toNonengineers," Power Engineering Review, IEEE, vo1.22, no.4, pp.25-
[5.] 27, Apri12002.s
[6.] Seyedi, H.; Sanaye-Pasand, M.; , "New centralised adaptive loadshedding algorithms to mitigate power system blackouts," Generation, Transmission & Distribution, lET , vol.3, no.l, pp.99-114, January 2009.
[7.] Gungor, V.C.; Bin Lu; Hancke, G.P.;, "Opportunities and Challenges of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid," Industrial Electronics, IEEETransactions on, vo1.57, no. 10, pp.3557-3564, Oct. 2010.
[8.] Moslehi, K..; Kumar, R.; , "A Reliability Perspective of the Smart Grid," Smart Grid, IEEE Transactions on, yoU, no.l, pp.57-64, June 2010
[9.] Rozeha A Rashid; Mohd Adib Sarijari; Mohd Rozaini Abd Rahim; Tan Zun Yung;, "Flood Transmission based Protocol for Home Automation System via Power Line Communication," Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer and Communication Engineering, May 2008.
[10.] Book : "Getting smart about smart meters answer book for residential customers" By POWER STREAM (vender company)

Abstract: Every year millions of tons of agricultural wastes are generated which are either destroyed or burnt inefficiently in loose form causing air pollution. These wastes can be recycled & can provide a renewable source of energy by converting biomass waste into high density - fuel briquettes without addition of any binder. This recycled fuel is beneficial for the environment as it conserves natural resources. For this the biomass briquetting is the main renewable energy resource.
In this paper the raw material including rice husk, coffee husk, saw dust, ground nutshell and cotton stalks etc. were densified into briquettes at high temperature and pressure using different technologies. We discuss the various advantages, factors that affecting the biomass briquetting and comparison between coal and biomass briquetting. The details of the study were highlighted in this paper.
Keywords- Biomass, Briquetting, Potential, Process, Technologies

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