iosr-JEEE   Volume-1 ~ Issue-4

Abstract: The concentration of vehicles on road is increasing day by day throughout the world particularly in large urban areas. Due to this traffic congestion problem is also increasing. To accommodate this increasing demand an optimized method for traffic control is required. As the transportation system will grow the need for an intelligent controller will have to be employed to face controlling the traffic congestion problems. Fuzzy controllers have been universally used for many industrial applications but for traffic controls it hasn't been widely applied. This paper proposes the use of fuzzy based traffic light controller using FUZZY TECH software at a complex traffic junction. The real time parameters such as traffic density and queue length are obtained by using image processing techniques. So the on and off timings for the green, red and orange lights are adjusted as per the actual road conditions. In this paper a 4 way intersection fuzzy traffic controller has been described suitable for mixed traffic. The rule base has been formulated by human experts, fuzzy inference engine and the defuzzifier.
Keywords: Traffic Control, Fuzzy Logic, membership function, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), Defuzzification

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21. Xu Li-qun, Jiang Fu, "Fuzzy Reasoning Algorithm for Control of Traffic in Congestion Route[J]", Information and Control, Apr.2003, Vol.32, No.2, pp. 132-141.

ABSTRACT: This paper presents a solution to Unit commitment (UC) of thermal units based on a new evolutionary algorithm known as Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm(SFLA). The integer coded algorithm is based on the behavior of group of frogs searching for a location that has the maximum amount of available food. This algorithm involves local search and shuffling process and these are repeated until a required convergence is reached. In this proposed method of SFLA for the UC problem, the scheduling variables are coded as integers, so that the minimum up/down time constraints can be handled directly. To verify the performance of the proposed algorithm it is applied to the IEEE 14, 30, 56,118 bus systems and 10, 20 unit systems for a one day scheduling period. The results obtained are quite encouraging for the Unit Commitment problem when compared with the existing methods. The algorithm and simulation are carried out using Matlab software.
Key words: SFLA ,Frogs, Unit Commitment

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Abstract : The Power transformers are one of the most vital as well as expensive equipment in an electric power system. Therefore, it is the responsibility of utilities to decrease the transformer lifecycle costs and to increase the usable service time. The damage may cause a change in the physical condition of transformer which would be reflected in the electrical parameters- resistance, inductance and capacitance. The insulation performance is influenced by thermal, electrical and mechanical stresses. The displacement of windings can occur during transportation of transformers or during a short circuit near the transformer in the power system. The Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) can detect the type of fault and the exact location of fault. The result obtained for the various fault condition is compared with the reference set and the conclusion are drawn.
Keywords - Fra,Ehv,Sfra,Lvi,Hv.

[1] Ryder (2003) "Diagnosing transformer faults using frequency response analysis‟- IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, pp 16-22.
[2] P.T.M. Vaessen, E. Hanique (January 1992) "A New Frequency Response Analysis Method for Power Transformers‟- Transactions on power delivery, vol.7, No.1, PP 384-389.
[3] K. Feser, J. Christian, C. Neumann, U. Sundermann, T. Leibfried, A. Kachler, M. Loppacher- "The Transfer Function Method for Detection of Winding Displacements on Power Transformers after Transport, Short Circuit or 30 Years‟.