iosr-JEEE   Volume-1 ~ Issue-3

ABSTRACT: In this paper the temperature and strain sensing principle of FBG based sensors are analyzed
through experimental procedures. The property of the FBG changes due to the thermo-optic and elasto-optic
effect which results the change of period of the gratings & the effective refractive index respectively. Due to this
FBG's property change results Bragg wavelength shift. From the measured Bragg wavelength shift with respect
to the reference (at room temperature & no strain applied) Bragg wavelength we can calculate the
corresponding temperature or strain. For this type of temperature sensor the sensitivity found is
(9.9  0.13) pm/C .
Keywords: Bragg wavelength, Effective refractive index, Elasto-optic effect, Fiber Bragg gratings, Thermooptic
effect

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[2] A.Cusano, A. Cutolo and M. Giordano, "Fiber Bragg Gratings Evanescent Wave Sensors: A View Back and Recent Advancements", Sensors, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2008.
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[4] G.P. Agrawal, Fiber-Optic Communication Systems, (John Wiley & Sons, 2002).
[5] Imran Khan, "Optical Fiber based Microwaves Sensor Using Surface Plasmon Resonance", Proceedings of International Conference on Informatics, Electronics & Vision, ISSN: 2226-2105, pp. 310-315, May, 2012.
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[7] The Daily Star, Cracks develop as overloaded trucks let pass over it, 17-01 -2008.
[8] H.Meng,W.Shen,G.Zhang, C.Tan and X. Huang, "Fiber Brag grating-based fiber sensor for simultaneous measurement of refractive index and temperature", Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 150 (2010), pp. 226-229.
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ABSTRACT: The power system installed with a FACTS device demonstrates the application of the model in analyzing the damping effect of the FACTS device stabilizer to improve power system oscillation stability. In case of single-machine infinite bus power systems to be studied and an example power system is presented which show the negative damping influence of STATCOM DC voltage regulator on power system oscillation and the effectiveness of STATCOM stabilizer superimposed on a STATCOM AC voltage regulator to counter attack the negative damping effect. The principle and working of STATCOM, how the STATCOM control the reactive power flow in transmission line can be explained. Philips-Heffrons model of a power system installed with a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and demonstrates the application of the model in analyzing the damping effect of the STATCOM and designing a STATCOM stabilizer to improve power system oscillation stability.
Keywords: Flexible AC transmission systems, Static Synchronous Compensator, Damping effect, Genetic and Evolutionary algorithm, Power System Stability

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Abstract: A village will be deemed to be electrified if the electricity is used in the inhabited locality, within the revenue boundary of the village for any purpose whatsoever .But with the prevailing crisis of electricity when we are not able to provide electricity to even the urban house hold despite the fact that the most of the urban population is prepared to pay for the electricity. Further with the existing availability of power we are not able to feed the rural consumer with more than 8 hours of electricity then electrifying virgin villages with already crippling. We do not deny the importance of electricity but the villagers who even after getting the village electrified and still not getting electricity are more frustrated than the villagers without electrified village. This directly affect our farmers so as our device will help them to overcome this problem.The Existing method of the power generation mainly uses petrol and diesel pumps for irrigation purposes that cause high amount of air pollution and other environmental hazards. The emission of carbon dioxide and sulphur oxides results in environmental changes and leads to global warming. The environmental changes have become an important factor to be dealt with as it is an important factor on which the world is concerned about. We are proposing here deals with the modern technology to eliminate any problem of pollution. In the proposed method solar tracking system is implemented by replacing the old fossil fuel based generators for pumping water for irrigation purpose. The solar plates are used to track the maximum amount of solar radiation to convert it into electrical energy. The process is ,a renewable process and evergreen.
Key words: solar , wind, water pumping, centrifugal pump

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