iosr-JDMS   Volume-9 ~ Issue-6

Abstract: Exercise is a common physiological stress which has positive chronotropic effect on heart rate and on cessation heart rate returns to pre-exercise level. A delay in heart rate recovery (HRR) (≤12beats in first minute) is considered abnormal and reflects autonomic dysfunction.Pulmonary function tests (PFT) are good indicator of autonomic function.Few studies are available on abnormal HRR (heart rate recovery) in COPDCases. Hence the present study was taken up to find out the presence of abnormal HRR in subjects with normal PFT and to establish HRR as an independent autonomic marker. For the study 150 healthy young adults (both male and female) with normal PFT were subjected to exercise by Bicycle ergometer till targeted Heart Rate (85%Maximum Heart Rate(MHR)) was achieved. HRR at the end of 1 minute followingcessation of exercise were tabulated. In our study 29 subjects (19.33%) with normal PFT show Abnormal HRR indicating HRR could be an independent autonomic marker.

keyword- PFT,HRR,MHR.

[1]. Hurst's The Heart ValentinFuster, Richard A Walshs , Robert ,A.Harrington ,Thirteenth Edition, McGraw Hill Medical, Vol.1, P.371.
[2]. KlussH.A.Wood.R.H. andWelsch.M.A(2000) Vagal modulation of the heart and central hemodynamics during handgrip exercise.American journal of physiology 279,H1648-H1652.
[3]. Arai.Y.Saul.J.P.Albrecht,P.Hartley,L.H,Lilly,L.s,Cohen, R.J. and Colucci,W.S(1989). Modulation of Cardic autonomic activity during and immediately after exercise. American journal of physiology256,H132-H141.
[4]. Cole CR, Blackstone EH, PashkowFJ,et al. Heart-rate recovery immediately after exercise as a predictor of mortality .N Engl J Med 1999,341:1351-1357.
[5]. NiranjanSeshadri,ThomasR,Gildea,Kevin McCarthy, RCPT, Claire Pothier, Mani S .Kavure and Michael S.Lauer.Association of an abnormal exercise Heart Rate Recovery with Pulmonary Function Abnormalites. Chest/125/4/April,2004.
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Abstract: Anthropometry of lip-nose complex has been extensively studied for European population.1-6 However, corresponding studies in case of Indian population are very scarce.3-9 Hence anthropometric study of lip-nose complex was undertaken. This study involves comparison with available data from literature. The objective was to study the morphometry of the nasolabial complex in Indian population.

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[2]. Farkas LG, Cheung GCK. Nostril asymmetry: Microform of cleft lip palate? An anthropometrical study of healthy North American Caucasians. Cleft Palate J 1979;16 :351.
[3]. Shah M, Verma IC, Mahadevan S, Puri RK. Facial anthropometry in Newborns in Pondicherry. Indian J Paediatrics 1991;25:259-63.
[4]. Farkas LG, Posnick JC, Hreczko, T.M., and Pron, G.E. Growth patterns of the nasolabial region : A morphophetric study. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 1992;29:318.
[5]. Farkas LG, Hajnis K, Posnick JC. Anthropometric and anthroposcopic findings of the nasal and facial region in cleft patients before and after primary lip and palate repair. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 1993;30:1.
[6]. Farkas LG. Anthropometry of the Head and Face, 2nd Ed. New York : Raven Press 1994.
[7]. Farkas LG, Tompson B, Philips J, Katic M, Cornfoot L. Comparison of Anthropometric and Cephalometic Measurements of the adult Face. Cleft Palate Craniofac 1999;5:10-8.
[8]. Mulliken JB, Burvin R, Leslie G, Farkas LG, Repair of bilateral complete cleft lip: Intraoperative Nasolabial Anthropometry, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2001;107:307-14.
[9]. Prasad NN, Reddy D. Anthropometry: Lip-Nose Complex. Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 2001;34:3-8.

Abstract: Many organizations across the world have adopted Problem Based learning (PBL) as a small group teaching – learning (T-L) tool. PBL inculcates self directed learning in students. If PBL is included in the curriculum of basic sciences like Physiology, it can help students to apply knowledge of Physiology in clinical practice. So this study is undertaken as a pilot project to introduce PBL as an innovative T-L method in curriculum of Physiology at Dr. Shankarrao Chavan Government Medical College, Nanded. In this study one PBL session was conducted on cardiovascular Physiology in Dept of Physiology at Dr. S.C. Govt. Medical College Nanded, India. An MCQ test was conducted before and after PBL session. Students' perspectives on PBL were studied by taking feedback from the students. Result: Students commented that PBL made the teaching-learning more interesting. Students opined that PBL enabled them for better understanding of the subject and motivated them for self directed learning and to read more. Students also commented that PBL enabled them to remember the subject better and helped to integrate their knowledge. Most of the students expressed a desire and a need to continue PBL sessions in future also.

Keywords: PBL – Problem based learning, Teaching – Learning (T-L) method, Physiology curriculum

[1]. Laeora Berkson. Problem based learning: Have the expectations been met? Academic Medicine, Volume 68, Number 10, October Supplement 1993, 579-588.
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[4]. Medical Council of India: Salient features of Regulations on Graduate Medical Education 1997 [http://www.mciindia.org/know/rules/ rules_mbbs.htm]. accessed Oct 08, 2007
[5]. Schmidt HG. Problem based learning: rationale and description. Med Educ, 17, 1983, 11–16.
[6]. 6. Morrison JM, Murray TS. An experiment in problem based learning. Med Educ, 28, 1994 139–145.

Abstract: 51 patients with unstable intertrochanteric fracture treated with sliding hip screw alone were selected in our retrospective and prospective study for a period of 28 months with an average follow up of minimum 4 months.Lateral femoral wall integrity was assessed in all patients radiologically prior and after surgery and tip apex distance was calculated following DHS fixation as described by Baumgartner et al. 5 out of 51 patients had screw cutout within six months of surgery. In our study, unacceptable TAD combined with loss of lateral femoral wall integrity is a definite indicator of DHS implant cutout. Lateral femoral wall fracture resulted in six times higher risk of a reoperation due to technical failure when gold standard method of sliding hip screw was used. Tip Apex Distance alone was not a reliable indicator for screw cut out.The simple treatment guideline should be if the lateral femoral wall or greater trochanter is fractured, the use of DHS implant must be guarded.

Keywords: Intertrochanteric fracture, lateralfemoralwallintegrity(LFW), zones in femoral head,tipapexdistance(TAD).

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[3]. Prediction of Fixation failure after sliding hip screw fixation. Pervez et al. Vowler S. Injury 2004 Oct.; 35(10) : 994-998.
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[7]. Davis, T.R.C.; Sher, J.L.,; Horsman, A.; Simpson, M., Porter, B.B.; and Checketts, R.G.: Intertrochanteric femoral fractures. Mechanical failure after internal fixation J.B.J.S., 72-B(1) : 26-31, 1989.
[8]. Doherty, J.H., and Lyden, J.P., Intertrochanteric fractures of hip treated with the hip compression screw. Analysis of problems.ClinOrthop., 141:184-187,1979.
[9]. Kaufer, H. : Mechanics of treatment of hip injuries. Clin.Orthop.146 : 53-61, 1980.
[10]. Kyle R.F.; Gustilo, R.B., and Premer R.F. : Analysis of six hundred and twenty two intertrochanteric fractures. A retrospective and prospective study. J.B.J.S. 61-A:216-221, March 1979.