iosr-JDMS   Volume-8 ~ Issue-1

Abstract: Dermatoglyphic features are inherited by polygenic system with individual gene contributing a small additive effect. The present research aims to primarily study the various dermatoglyphic patterns in the patients of the Maturity Onset Diabetes Mellitus (Type II diabetes) and compare these statistically with the dermatoglyphic patterns in individuals not suffering from it. The present study was carried out on 101 (51 male and 50 female) clinically diagnosed patients of maturity onset diabetes mellitus. Healthy controls (n=100, 50 males and 50 females) were studied for comparison. Palmar prints were obtained in all the patients and controls and the dermatoglyphic patterns were analyzed using statistical considerations. Standard fingertip pattern configurations and landmarks were used in the study. Significantly higher frequency of arches and lower frequency of whorls were observed in female diabetics than controls. Dankmeijer's Index was highest in female diabetic group and Furuhata's Index was highest in the male control group. AFRC and TFRC were significantly lower in diabetic females than controls. Findings of the present study after a meticulous analysis of different fingertip dermatoglyphic variables highlights on the possible markers and indicate that there is scope for further study on a larger sample size.

Keywords- Arches, Dermatoglyphics, Maturity Onset Diabetes Mellitus, Palmar print, Ulnar loops, Radial loops, Whorls

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Abstract: Background: For diagnosis of Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), expectorated sputum is the most commonly received sample in the laboratory. Normal resident bacteria of the oropharynx usually contaminate the sputum sample. The value of sputum microscopy and culture in the diagnosis, management and outcome of LRTIs is a matter of controversy. The following study was conducted to evaluate the correlation of Gram's stain and culture in sputum samples from LRTIs. Materials & Methods: The present study was during a one year period (January to December 2012). A total of 120 sputum samples were processed . All the samples were processed through Gram's stain and culture. The Gram's smear was examined for the presence of polymorphs, epithelial cells and bacterial forms. Sputum samples were evaluated based on Bartlett's grading system. The cultures were incubated at 370C overnight and identified in a Microscan autoSCAN 4 instrument (SIEMENS). Results And Conclusions: Out of 120 sputum samples processed, 78 (65%) were acceptable and 42 (35%) were not meeting the standard criteria of Bartlett. Potential pathogens were obtained from 70 of 78 acceptable samples (89.74%), and from 4 of 42 non-acceptable samples (9.52%). Gram's stain could detect similar morphological forms as that obtained in culture in 62 of the acceptable samples (sensitivity- 79.48%) and 4 of the non acceptable samples (sensitivity -4.76%). The most common organisms isolated in the present study include: Klebsiella pneumoniae- 22.85%, Streptococcus pneumoniae- 11.49% and Staphylococcus aureus- 10%. As authors of the present study, we recommend initial screening of sputum samples for clinically relevant results, and reject the non-acceptable samples, and re-order for fresh and correct specimens. Key Words: Sputum, Gram's stain, Bartlett's criteria, sputum culture.

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[10]. Aroma Oberoi, Aruna Aggarwal. Bacteriological profile, Serology and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Micro-organisms from Community Acquired Pneumonia. J K Science, April-June 2006; 8(2): 79-82.

Abstract:Every individual‟s 75 to 100 trillion (1014) living cells fight with the millions of harmful radicals which were unstable molecules lacking one or more electrons and compensate by damaging healthy cells. Human body posses millions of glands all over the body to provide specialized products like proteins, fatty acids, hormones etc., to take care of any irregularity and inconsistency in the human system. Indeed the specialized glands like lachrymal gland, sweat gland, salivary glands etc., secrete only the essential compounds and those compounds reach cells associating with cellular water to protect the respective organs. The water every human being consumed was converted as cellular water (reduced surface tension and increased wetting ability) at standard ambient temperature and pressure and reverse was not possible in the cell system. The objective of this paper was that "No water molecules were externally released from human skin or any part of human cells except through kidney system." For example watery fluid formation inside the mouth involved different chemical reaction and it mixed with "salivary compounds‟ forming "saliva‟ contrary to existing saliva chemistry. The cell Hydrogen oxidation process was unknown due to the fact tears, saliva, nasal fluid and perspiration had the traces of compounds of respective glands and literatures cited they were the products of respective glands misleading the entire scientific community till date "My review is going to clear all the misconception and cell Hydrogen oxidation (redox potential balance) is explained more appropriately in this paper.

Key words: - Radicals, Glands, Molecules, Dehydration, Oxidation, Hyperhidrosis.

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