iosr-JDMS   Volume-12 ~ Issue-5

Abstract: Periodontal medicine defines a rapidly emerging branch of Periodontology focusing on establishing a strong relationship between periodontal health and systemic health. Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis are widely prevalent diseases and are characterized by tissue destruction due to chronic inflammation. Several prospective clinical trials have shown that individuals with rheumatoid arthritis are more likely to experience moderate to severe periodontal disease compared to their healthy counterparts. There are growing evidences that the two diseases share many pathological features. This review elaborates the common pathologic mechanisms of these two chronic conditions. Keywords: Bacteria, cytokines, inflammation, periodontitis, rheumatoid arthritis.

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Abstract: Spinal anaesthesia is one of the most common procedure used in clinical anaesthesia practice. It has the advantage that profound nerve block can be produced in a large part of the body by the relatively simple injection of a small amount of local anaesthetic.Hypotension is one of the most common event encountered with the procedure Hypotension and bradycardia during spinal anesthesia are common and may relate to severe adverse events such as cardiac arrest or death. Preventive measures include fluid preload, lateral tilt, and use of vasopressors. Search is still on for the pharmacological agents that can provide hemodynamic stability with neuraxial blockade.

[1]. Hala E A Eid MD, Mohamed A Shafie MD, Hend Youssef MD. Dose-Related Prolongation of Hyperbaric Bupivacaine Spinal Anesthesia by Dexmedetomidine Ain Shams Journal of Anaesthesiology, Cairo, Egypt
[2]. Liu S, McDonald S. Current issues in spinal anesthesia. Anesthesiology 2001; 94: 888-906.
[3]. Al- Ghanem S M., Massad IM., AlMustafa M M. , Al- Zaben K R., Qudaisat I Y, Qatawneh A M, AbuAli H M. Effect of Adding Dexmedetomidine versus Fentanyl to Intrathecal Bupivacaine on Spinal Block Characteristics in Gynecological Procedures: A Double Blind Controlled Study American Journal of Applied Sciences, 2009 6 (5): 882-887

Abstract: Cleft lip and palate can arise with considerable variation in severity and form. Generally, the wider, more extensive clefts are associated with more significant nasolabial deformity. These clefts, deficient in hard and soft tissue elements, present a significant surgical challenge to achieve a functional and cosmetic outcome. A finer scar forms when a surgical incision heals under less rather than more tension. The principal objective of presurgical nasoalveolar molding (NAM) is to reduce the severity of the initial cleft deformity. The nasoalveolar molding appliance is a modern presurgical orthopedic device that allows for a positive growth of the alveolar ridges into an improved arch form as well as reshaping of the flattened nose into a more symmetrical shape. As a result of the presurgical appliance, the nose and lip are allowed to heal under minimal tension, thereby reducing scar formation and improving the esthetic result. This case report describes the management of a bilateral cleft lip and palate case with the use of an active alveolar molding appliance which retracts the forwardly placed premaxilla into a more esthetic position prior to the primary surgical repair. Keywords: Nasoalveolar Molding, Presurgical Infant Orthopedics, Active Alveolar Molding Appliance, Cleft Lip And Cleft Palate

[1]. Ma X, Giacona MB. Nasoalveolar Molding as Treatment for Cleft Lip and Palate: A Case Report Columbia Dental Review. 13:20-24, 2009
[2]. Prasanth et al. Cleft orthopedics using Liou's technique - A Case Report, Journal of Dental Sciences and Research .2(1):122-131,2011
[3]. Yang et al. Use of Nasoalveolar Molding Appliance to Direct Growth in Newborn Patient With Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate. Pediatric Dentistry. 25(3):253-256, 2003
[4]. Suri S, Tompson BD. A Modified Muscle-Activated Maxillary Orthopedic Appliance For Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding In Infants With Unilateral Cleft Lip And Palate. Cleft palate-Craniofacial Journal. 4(3):225-229, 2004
[5]. Karimi et al. Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding in a Neonate With Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: Report of a Case. J Comprehensive Pediatrics. 3(2): 86-9, 2012.
[6]. Grayson et al. Nasoalveolar Molding For Infants Born With Clefts Of The Lip, Alveolus, And Palate. Seminars In Plastic Surgery. 19(4):294-301, 2005.
[7]. Splengler et al. Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding Therapy For The Treatment Of Bilateral Cleft Lip And Palate: A Preliminary Study, Cleft Palate–Craniofacial Journal. 43(3):321-328, 2006.
[8]. Shetty et al. Pre-Surgical Nasoalveolar Molding In Patients With Unilateral Clefts Of Lip, Alveolus And Palate - A Case Report. Annals And Essences Of Dentistry. 3(2):50-52, 2011.
[9]. Abbott et al. Nasoalveolar molding in cleft care: is it efficacious? Plast Reconstr Surg.130(3):659-66, 2012.
[10]. Grayson BH, Shetye PR. Presurgical nasoalveolar moulding treatment in cleft lip and palate patients. Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery .42(3): 56-61, 2009.

Abstract: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST) have become a well established entity and its taxonomy is no more ambiguous but GIST of duodenum is rarely seen .In this paper , a patient presented with only recurrent pain abdomen and USG/CECT of abdomen revealed gallstone with 8x7x4.7 cm size mass lesion in the right hypochondrium, most likely arising from the second part of duodenum. The patient underwent cholecystectomy and wedge resection of tumor. The histopathology of the mass confirmed the diagnosis of duodenal stromal tumor.

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