iosr-JDMS   Volume-11 ~ Issue-3

Abstract: Maxillary resection results in a discontinuity of the oral nasal and maxillary sinus cavities. Defect of any extent results in significant disabilities experienced by the patient. This may be manifested as difficulties in speech, mastication and esthetics.Prosthetic rehabilitation in the form of a palatal obturator is usually required to cover the defect and restore normal functions. In the cases of edentulous patients application of anobturator becomes even more cumbersome as the mechanism of retention is compromised.Achieving peripheral seal is questionable. In the present case, palatal defect is rehabilitated with silicone relined hollow bulb obturator. The portrayed obturator reduces the redundant load on the supporting tissue and provides a functional solution to the compromised state of the patient.

Key words: Maxillary defect, Hollow maxillary obturator, Silicone lining,Lost salt technique

[1] Spiro RH, Strong EW, Shah JP: Maxillectomy and its classification. Head Neck 1997;19:309-314
[2] Varoujan A. Chalian, Joe B. Drane [and] S. Miles Standish. Maxillofacial prosthetics, Williams & Wilkins Co. Baltimore 1972 pp.133-157. [3] Beumer J, Curtis TA, FirtellDN (1979) Speech, palatopharyngeal function, and restoration of soft palate defects. In: Maxillofacial rehabilitation—Prosthodontic and surgical considerations. C. V. Mosby Company, St Louis, pp 249, 267.
[4] V.A. Chalian and M.O. Barnett J. A new technique for constructing a one-piece hollow obturator after partial maxillectomy Prosthet Dent Oct1972;vol 28(4) 448- 453.
[5] Parr GR, Tharp GE, Rahn AO. Prosthodontic principles in the framework design of maxillary obturator prostheses. J Prosthet Dent. 1989; 62:205–212.
[6] Martin JW, King GE. Framework retention for maxillary obturator prostheses. J Prosthet Dent. 1984; 51:669–672
[7] Barry H. Habib, DMD, MS, and Carl F. Driscoll, DMDFabrication of a closed hollow obturatorJ Prosthet Dent 2004; 91:383-385.
[8] McAndrew KS, Rothenberger S, Minsley GE: An innovative investment method for the fabrication of closed hollow obturator prosthesis. J Prosthet Dent 1998; 80:129-132.
[9] NidifferTj, ShipmanT H. The hollow bulb obturator for acquired palatal openings. J Prosthet Dent 1957; vol 7(1): 126-134
[10] Worley JL, Kneiejski ME. A method for controlling the thickness of hollow obturator prosthesis. J Prosthet Dent 1983; 50: 227-29.

Abstract: Context: Malocclusion can compromise the oral health tissues and can lead to social and psychological problem. Hence an investigation of the malocclusion status at the developing stages of the dentitions to intercept the same is required. Aims: To assess the malocclusion in school children of Karnataka between the age groups of 10-12 years and 13-16 years. Settings and Design: School settings and Descriptive cross-sectional survey. Methods and Material: A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted in all the 30 districts of Karnataka. School children in the age group of 10-16 years were the target population. Population proportionate technique was employed for the sample size estimation. A total sample of 9505 was randomly selected from 102 schools all over Karnataka. Ackermann-Proffit classification of malocclusion was used to record the malocclusion. Statistical analysis used: Simple Descriptive statistics. Results and Conclusion: Prevalence of crowding is 52.3% in mixed dentition and 50.2% in permanent dentition. Cross-bite was reported in 17.4% and 18.3% in mixed and permanent dentition respectively. Increased over-jet was reported in 15.3% and 7.7% in mixed and permanent dentitions respectively.

Keywords: Prevalence, Malocclusion, School children, 10-12 years, 13-16 years, Ackermann-profit system.

[1] P KHARBANDA, S S SIDHU, K.R SUNDARAM AND D.K SHUKLA. PREVALENCE OF MALOCCLUSION AND ITS TRAITS IN DELHI CHILDREN. JIOS 1995; JULY: 26 (3), 98-103.
[2] MIGLANI DC ET AL. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF DENTAL DISORDERS AMONGST VARIOUS AGE GROUPS IN THE CITY OF MADRAS. JN INT COLL DENT 1965;3: 52.
[3] ARYA BS. ASURVEY OF MALOCCLUSION; EPIDEMIOLOGIC AND DIAGNOSTIC CONSIDERATIONS. J IND ORTHOD SOC 1976; 8: 15-28.
[4] DINESH RB, ARNITHA HM, MUNSHI AK. MALOCCLUSION AND ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT NEED OF HANDICAPPED INDIVIDUALS IN SOUTH CANARA, INDIA. INTERNATIONAL DENTAL JOURNAL. 2003;53(1):13-8. EPUB 2003/03/26.
[5] Usha Mohan Das, Venkatsubramanian and Divya Reddy. Prevalence of Malocclusion among School Children in Bangalore, India. International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 2008; September-December 1(1):10-12.
[6] KM Shivakumar, GN Chandu, MD Shafiullac. Severity of Malocclusion and Orthodontic Treatment Needs among 12- to 15-Year-Old School Children of Davangere District, Karnataka, India. Eur J Dent 2010; 4:298- 307.
[7] 7.James L. Ackerman and William R. Proffit. The characteristics of malocclusion: A modern approach to classification and diagnosis. Am J Orthod 1969; 56: 5, 443- 454.
[8] M. O. SayinandH. T¨urkkahraman, "Malocclusion and crowding in an orthodontically referred turkish population," Angle Orthodontist, vol. 74, no. 5, pp. 635–639, 2004.
[9] Usha Mohan Das, Venkatsubramanian, Divya Reddy. Prevalence of malocclusion in school children in Bangalore, India. International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 2008; 1(1):10-12.
[10] Antanas Šidlauskas and Kristina Lopatienė. The prevalence of malocclusion among 7–15-year-old Lithuanian schoolchildren. Medicina (Kaunas) 2009; 45(2). 147-152

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) in children is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Occurrence of cavitory tuberculosis in children is not very common and is associated with greater degree of infectiousness. We report a 6 year old girl and 10 months old boy both from internally displaced couple and they presented to the Medical Centre with chronic cough, fever, chest pain, difficulty in breathing and weight loss. Their chests X-rays have revealed multiple cavitary lesions and were being managed with anti TB drugs. However, the older sibling died after 11 days of commencement of anti TB while the parents absconded with the younger child due to the death of the elder sibling. Pulmonary cavitary tuberculosis, though not very common in children, may still occur, especially in the immono-compromised like the malnourished and overcrowded internally displaced population. It is worthwhile to note the occurrence of pulmonary cavitary TB in children in an internally displaced setting like this as this may lead high TB infection and transmission rate as a result of overcrowding. An effective TB surveillance system in this setting is, therefore, needed to reduce the burden of TB in crowded population.

Key words: Internally displaced couple, siblings, cavitary tuberculosis

[1] Vijayasekaran D, Selvakumar P, Balachandran A, Elizabeth J, Subramanyam L, Somu N. Pulmonary cavitatory tuberculosis in children. Indian Paediatr 1994; 31: 1075 – 1078.

[2] Nelson LJ, Wells CD. Global epidemiology of childhood tuberculosis.Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2004; 8: 636–647

[3] Osinusi K. Tuberculosis in childhood. In: Azubuike JC, Nkanginieme KEO (eds). Paediatrics and Childhealth in a Tropical Region.Second edn. African Educational Service: Owerri, 2007: 634-643.

[4] Newton SM, Brent AJ, Anderson S, Whitteker EKampmann B. Paediatric Tuberculosis. Lancet Infect Dis 2008; 8: 498-510 Weinstock DM. Risk for tuberculosis infection among internally displaced persons in the Republic of Georgia. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2001; 5: 164-169

[5] Ahidjo A, Mustapha MG, Ashir GM, Alhaji MA, Adedokun T. Chest Radiographic Predictors of HIV/ AIDS in Childhood Pulmonary Tuberculosis – An African Study. J Asian SciSci Res 2012; 2: 310-316

[6] Marais BJ, Donald PR, Gie RP, Schaaf HS, Beyers N. Diversity of disease manifestations in childhood pulmonary tuberculosis. Ann Trop Paediatr 2005; 25: 79–86.

[7] Stark JR. Tuberculosis in children. SeminRespirCrit Care Med 2004; 25 (3). www.medscape.com

[8] Bosch VD,Terken M, Ypma L, etal. Tuberculous meningitis and military tuberculosis in young children.Trop Med Int Health 2004; 9: 309–313.

[9] Zar HJ, Hanslo D, Apolles P, Swingler G, Hussey G. Induced sputum versus gastric lavage for microbiological confirmation of pulmonary tuberculosis in infants and young children: a prospective study. Lancet 2005; 365: 130–134.

[10] National TB and Leprosy Control Programme and Federal Ministry of Health. Workers Manual, Revised 5th edition 2010; 23-4.

Abstract: C-shaped canal is one of the most difficult situations with which the dentist is confronted during endodontic treatment of teeth. Recognition of unusual variation in the canal configuration is critical because it has been established that the root with a single tapering canal and apical foramen is the exception rather than rule. The early recognition of these configurations facilitates cleaning, shaping, and obturation of the root canal system. "C" configuration, which is an important anatomic variation, presents a thin fin connecting the root canals. In this case reports successful management of C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars are presented by using cone-beam computed tomography and operating microscope for diagnosis, sonic irrigation and calamus dual obturating device.

Key words: C-shaped canal, Melton's Classification, Endoactivator, Calamus Dual

[1]. Cooke HG 3rd,cox FL:C-shaped canal configuration in mandibular molars J Am Dent Assoc 1979;99:836-839
[2]. Hamid Jafarzadeb ,andYou-NongWu:The C-shaped root canal configuration: A ReviewJOE-Volume 33, number 5,May 2007.
[3]. COHENs,BurnsRC.Pathways of the pulp.8thed.St.Louis: Mosby ,2002;196-229.
[4]. Jojo Kottoor, NatanasabapathyVelmurugan,SumaBallal, and Anna Roy Four rooted maxillary first mo;ar having C-shaped palatal root morphology evaluated using cone- beam computerized tomography : a case report Oral surg Oral Med Oral pathol Oral Radiol Endodod 2011;111: e 41-e45
[5]. GaoY,FanB,CheungGS,GutmannJL,Fan M. C-shapedcanal system in mandibular molars part IV : 3-D morphological analysis and transverse measurement .J Endod 2006;32:1062-5
[6]. Kottoor J,HemamalathiS,SudhaR,VelmuruganN.Maxillary second molar with 5 roots and 5 canals evaluated using cone beam computerized tomography : a case report.Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010;109 : e 162 -5
[7]. Ravichandra,Harikumar : C shaped canals in mandibular second molarsIJDA,2 (1) ,2010,156-158
[8]. Bernard Jankovic,IvicaAnic, IvanaMiletic :Instrumentation of 'C" Shaped Endodontic Area 47 .ActaStomatol Croat ,Vol.34, br.2,2000,223-225
[9]. Bolger WL,Schindler WG: A mandibular first molar with a C-shaped root configurations. J Endod 1988;14;515-519
[10]. YylmazZ,TuncelB,SerperA,Calt S: C-shaped root canal in a maxillary molar : a case report. Int Endod J2006;39:162-166.