iosr-JCE   Volume-7 ~ Issue-1

Abstract:Now a day there is much more amplified curiosity in combinatorial optimization. The p-median problem which is a facility location problem, deals with discrete data and hence it is characterized as a combinatorial optimization problem. It is NP-Hard in nature that ascertains the specified number of locations as facilitators which serves the maximum locations. The p-median problem will be productive in several applications areas such as mounting marketing strategies in Management Sciences and recognition of server positions in computer networks. A new Metaheuristic approach with Neighbourhood Search (NS) technique has been proposed in the present paper which unveil all possible combinations with the elements in the neighbourhood of individual elements in the solution and recognizes the optimal solution i.e., which serves the maximum locations so that the sum of the total distance from the each element to the facilities is minimized. The proposed metaheuristic approach is an iterative one which contains two phases. Construction phase is the first phase that structure the initial solution and based on the initial solution the second phase explore for the optimal solution based on NS approach and then the probable solution space is computed to obtain the optimal solution.
Keywords: Metaheuristic, neighbourhood, local search, neighbourhood search, hybridization.

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Abstract:Integrated Disease Surveillance programme is a decentralized, state based surveillance programme in the country. It is intended to detect early warning signals of impending outbreaks and help initiate an effective response in a timely manner. It is also expected to provide essential data to monitor progress of on-going disease control Programme and help allocate health resources more efficiently. All outbreaks cannot be predicted or prevented. However, precautionary measures can be taken within the existing health infrastructure and service delivery to reduce risks of outbreaks and to minimize the scale of the outbreak if it occurs. The effectiveness with which national programmes are implemented and monitored, the alertness for identification of early warning signals and the capacity for initiating recommended interventions in a timely manner are important to achieve the above objectives.

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Abstract:Software Engineering is a profession to provide high quality software to the customers. It is a systematic approach to analysis, design, implementation, maintenance and re engineering of software. But there are many risks involved in creating high quality software like imprecise requirement gathering, poor management, gold plating, lack of proper communication within the team etc. Risks have no exact values. They are based upon uncertainties. A major contributor to project failure is the failure to spend the time at the beginning of the project to clearly define the product requirements before beginning product development i.e. gathering imprecise requirements.
Keywords:Software Engineering, Software Risk, Imprecise requirements.

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