iosr-JCE   Volume-4 ~ Issue-2

Abstract: ARM introduced the Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA) 4.0 specifications which includes Advanced eXtensiable Interface (AXI) 4.0. AMBA bus protocol has become the de facto standard SoC bus. That means more and more existing IPs must be able to communicate with AMBA4.0 bus. Based on AMBA 4.0 bus, we designed an Intellectual Property (IP) core of Advanced Peripheral Bus (APB) Bridge, which translates the AXI4.0-lite transactions into APB 4.0 transactions. The bridge provides an interfaces between the high-performance AXI bus and low-power APB domain.
Keywords:SoC, AMBA, AXI, APB

[1] Design and Implementation of APB Bridge based on AMBA 4.0 (IEEE 2011), ARM Limited.
[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_on_a_chip#Structure
[3] Power.org Embedded Bus Architecture Report Presented by the Bus Architecture TSC Version 1.0 – 11 April 2008
[4] http://www.arm.com/products/system-ip/amba/amba-open-specifications.php
[5] ARM, "AMBA Protocol Specification 4.0", www.arm.com, 2010 ARM,AMBA Specification (Rev 2.0).AMBA® 4
AXI4™, AXI4-Lite™, and AXI4-Stream™ Protocol Assertions Revision: r0p0 User Guide.
[6] AMBA® APB Protocol Version: 2.0 Specifications.
[7] ASB Example AMBA System Technical Reference Manual Copyright © 1998-1999 ARM Limited.
[8] AHB to APB Bridge (AHB2APB) Technical Data Sheet Part Number: T-CS-PR-0005-100 Document Number: IIPA01-
0106-USR Rev 05 March 2007.
[9] LogiCORE IP AXI to APB Bridge (v1.00a) DS788 June 22, 2011 Product Specification.
[10] Simulation and Synthesis Techniques for Asynchronous FIFO Design Clifford E.Cummings, Sunburst Design, Inc.
SNUG San Jose 2002 Rev 1.2., FIFO Architecture, Functions, and Applications SCAA042A November 1999.

Abstract:This article presents the design of L-band branch line balun using microstrip configuration on high resistive silicon substrate (ρ>8KΩ-cm). In comparison to earlier designs better performance is achieved by meandering all the four branches and appending a quarter wavelength short circuited stub at the upper right corner of the structure. The circuit is designed using circuit simulator of Agilent's advanced design system (ADS) and further verified using Ansoft's FEM and ADS's MoM based electromagnetic solvers. Comparative study is carried out among various simulation techniques and analyzed. Fabrication methodology along with design steps are detailed in this article. Proposed design saves around 60% print area as compared to conventional topology. Further comparison with other reported topologies have also been discussed.
Keywords: Branch line balun, high resistive silicon, microstrip line, short circuited stub, via hole.

[1] Microwave Engineering-D.M Pozar, Wiley & Sons, Student Edition 2010.
[2] Ghali, H. and T. A. Moselhy, "Miniaturized fractal rat-race, branch-line, and coupled-line hybrids," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory
Tech., Vol. 52, 2513-2520, 2000.
[3] Ang, K. S., Y. C. Leong, and C. H. Lee, "Multisection Impedance-transforming coupled-line baluns," IEEE Trans. Microwave
Theory Tech., Vol. 51,536-541, 2003.
[4] Zhang, Z. and S. Xu, "A novel balun structure with a composite right left-handed transmission line," Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., Vol. 45, 422-424, 2005.
[5] RF and Microwave Coupled Line Circuits-Mongia, Bahl, Bhatia and Hong, Artech House, 2010.
[6] Tseng C.F and Lu S.C "A Broadband Balun using meander line" Progress in Electromagnetic Research Symposium, Suzhou,
China. ISSN 1559-9450, 501-504 September 12-16, 2011.
[7] Kamaljeet Singh, Ayan Karmakar & K. Nagachenchaiah," Dual Band(1:4) Wilkinson Power Divider on Silicon", International
Journal of Electronics ,Vol.1, No.1,pp.4-6, May 2012.
[8] Kamaljeet Singh, Ayan Karmakar & K. Nagachenchaiah,"Design and Development of X-band Planar Balun on Si substrate",
submitted for Journal Publication, "unpublished".
[9] Li, J. L., S. W. Qu, and Q. Xue, "Miniaturized branch-line balun with bandwidth enhancement," IEE Electron. Lett. Vol. 43, pp
931-932, 2007.
[10] ADS 2009, Agilent Technologies.

Abstract:Mining frequent itemsets is one of the most investigated fields in data mining. It is a fundamental and crucial task. In data mining approach, the quantitative attributes should be appropriately dealt with as well as the Boolean attributes. Apriori Algorithm is one the best methods to extract the frequent mining Data Set. This paper gives us a brief review of apriori algorithm along with its uses to various fields and with various algorithms.
Keywords: Association rules, Apriori algorithm, Data mining, frequent itemsets.

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[4] Algorithm Based on Redundacy of Rules", IEEE, pp. 68 -73, 2010.
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Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD Conference on Management of Data. pp. 207-216ˈ 1993.
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pp. 487-499, 1994.
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Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, pp. 255–264, 1997.
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Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, Tuscon, Arizona, pp. 265-276, 1997.
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India, pp. 134-145, 1996.
[10] Savasere A., E. Omiecinski, S.B. Navathe, "An efficient algorithm for mining association rules in large databases", in
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