iosr-JCE   Volume-19 ~ Issue-2 ~ March-April 2017

Abstract: Diabetic Retinopathy is a most common diabetic eye disease, which occurs when a blood vessel in the retina change. There are two stages of the disease. The early stage is Non proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and later is Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). In NPDR, various problems may occur, such as macular edema which is swelling in the central retina and retinal ischemia which occurs due to poor blood flow. PDR is the advanced stage of NPDR, new blood vessels starts growing in the retina known as neovascularization............

Keyword: Blood Vessel, Diabetic Retinopathy, Exudates, Fundus Image, Macula and Fovea, NPDR, Optic Disk, PDR.

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[2]. T. Ruba, K. Ramalakshmi, ―Identification and Segmentation of exudates using SVM classifier,‖ IEEE Sponsored 2nd International Conference on Innovation Embedded and Communication Systems, 2015
[3]. Jyothis Jose, Jinsa Kuruvilla, ―Detection of red lesions and hard exudates in color fundus images,‖ Internation Journal of Engineering and Computer Science ISSN: 2319-7242 Volume 3 Issue 10 October, 2014 page No. 8583-8588
[4]. JayakumarLachure, A. V. Deorankar, Sagar Lachure, Swati Gupta, Romit Jadhav, ― Diabetic retinopathy using morphological operations and machine learning,‖ IEEE International Advance Computing Conference, 2015
[5]. Sawmitra Kumar Kuri, ―automatic diabetic retinopathy detection using gabor filter with local entropy thresholding,‖ IEEE 2nd International Conference on Recent Trends in Information System, 2015

Abstract: Multimodal medical image fusion (MIF) is a method ofextracting complementary information fromdifferent sourceimages and combining them into a resultant image. Theintegration of multimodality medical images can providemore complete pathological information for doctors, which greatly helps their diagnosis and treatment.In this paper a survey is carried out over the approaches proposed in earlier for medical image fusion. The complete approaches are categorized into various classes like Morphological methods, knowledge based methods, wavelet based methods, neural network based methods, fuzzy logic based methods, contourlet based methods and the non-subsampled contourlet transform based methods.

Keywords: Medical image fusion, Morphology, Wavelet, contourlet, ANN, fuzzy logic.

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Abstract: Motifs template is the input for many bioinformatics systems such codons finding, transcription, transaction, sequential pattern miner, and bioinformatics databases analysis. The size of motifs arranged from one base up to several Mega bases, therefore, the typing errors increase according to the size of motifs. In addition, when the structures motifs are submitted to bioinformatics systems, the specifications of motifs components are required, i.e. the simple motifs, gaps, and the lower bound and upper bound of each gap. The motifs can be of DNA, RNA, or Protein...............

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