iosr-JCE   Volume-16 ~ Issue-2 ~ March-April 2014

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	An image compression using using discrete cosine transforms and JPEG enconder
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Ravi Mathey , Prof.P.S.Avadhani
	:	10.9790/0661-16210105

Abstract: `The proposed Multiresolution decomposition through wavelets transform of fractals coded images reveal strong relationships limit the frequency content .The research is includes other extensions of the wavelet transform and fractals are wavelet transform. And our work deals with deals with the JPEG Encoder for image compression upon comparing with Discrete cosine transform (DCT) is widely used in image processing, especially for compression. Some of the applications of two-dimensional DCT involve still image compression and compression of individual video frames.

[1] "A Novel Multiresolution Spatiotemporal Saliency Detection Model and Its Applications in Image and Video Compression" IEEE
TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING, VOL. 19,
[2] GHANBARI, M. Video Coding: An Introduction to Standard Codecs. IEE, London, 1999, p. 60-62.
[3] G. Davis, "Wavelet Image Compression ConstructionKit,"http://www.geoffdavis.net/dartmouth/wavelet/wavelet.html
[4] R. C. Gonzalez and R. E. Woods, "Digital Image Processing",Second edition,pp. 411-514, 2004.
[5.] N. Ahmed, T. Natarajan, and K. R. Rao, "Discrete cosine transform," IEEE Trans. on Computers, vol. C-23, pp. 90-93,1974.
[6.] A. S. Lewis and G. Knowles, "Image Compression Using the 2-D Wavelet Transform" IEEE Trans. on Image Processing, Vol. I .
NO. 2, PP. 244 - 250, APRIL 1992.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Multiple Routing Configurations for Fast IP Network Recovery Using AES Algorithm
Country	:	India
Authors	:	P.Lokana, P.Mohanambal,A.Manjula
	:	10.9790/0661-16210608

Abstract: Internet takes an increasingly central role in our communications infrastructure, the slow convergence of routing protocols after a network failure becomes a growing problem. To assure fast recovery from link and node failures in IP networks, we present a new recovery scheme called Multiple Routing Configurations (MRC). Our proposed scheme guarantees recovery in all single failure scenarios, using a single mechanism to handle both link and node failures, and without knowing the root cause of the failure. MRC is strictly connectionless, and assumes only destination based hop-by-hop forwarding.

[1] Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), Nov.26, 2001.
[2] Atul Kahate(2009), Cryptography and Network Security,second edition,MCgRAW-Hill.
[3] A. Kvalbein, T. ˇ Ciˇcic´, and S. Gjessing, "Post-failure routing performance with multiple routing configurations," in Proc. IEEEINFOCOM, May 2007.
[4] A. Nucci, B. Schroeder, S. Bhattacharyya, N. Taft, and C. Diot, "IGP link weight assignment for transient link failures," in Proc. 18th Int. Teletraffic Congress, Berlin, Germany, Aug. 2003.
[5] S. Nelakuditi, S. Lee, Y. Yu, Z.-L. Zhang, and C.-N. Chuah, "Fast local rerouting for handling transient link failures," IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking,vol. 15, no. 2, Apr. 2007.
[6] Y.Wang, Z.Wang, and L. Zhang, "Internet traffic engineering without full mesh overlaying," in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, Apr. 2001.
[7] W. Lou and Y. Fang, "A Multipath Routing Approach for Secure Data Delivery," Proc. IEEE Military Comm. Conf. (MilCom), 2001.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	A Critical Conceptual Analysis of Definitions of Artificial Intelligence as Applicable to Computer Engineering
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Prof Dalvinder Singh Grewal, PhD
	:	10.9790/0661-16210913

Abstract: The purpose of artificial intelligence is to acquire knowledge of required subject. Knowledge acquisition involves knowledge of dark energy (74% of universe), knowledge of dark matter (22%) and knowledge of visible matter (4%). This knowledge can be gathered through biological sensors (5 senses) and non-biological sensors like, robot, TV, mobile, camera, microscopes, radar, computer etc. The present definitions of artificial intelligence cover only the computer portion of the visible word i.e., an iota of 4% hence are not complete.

[1]. Allen Newell: Unified Theory of Cognition
[2]. Colom R, Karama S, Jung RE, Haier RJ, (2010), Dialogues Clin Neurosci;12(4):489-501.
[3]. Dan W Patterson, 2004, Introduction to Artificial Intelligence & expert system, practice Halls of India.p.2
[4]. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial _intelligence.
[5]. Knowledge representation: ACM 1998, I.2.4, Russell & Norvig 2003, pp. 320-363, Poole, Mackworth & Goebel 1998, pp. 23-46, 69-81, 169-196, 235-277, 281-298, 319-345, Luger & Stubblefield 2004, pp. 227-243, Nilsson 1998, chpt. 18