Volume-3 ~ Issue-6 ~ Nov. – Dec. 2017

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a complex syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia, leading to vascular complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy and macro vascular disease like atherosclerosis. Patients with diabetes with complications and without complications are taken up for the study. The parameter serum Adenosine Deaminase, Activity (ADA) is considered which is helpful in understanding the predisposing factors and the assessment of these patients to develop complications. The present study reveals that serum ADA is found to be raised in diabetic patients without complications while it is similar to control group with complications. This indicates that increased susceptibility of diabetes to develop a variety of bacterial and fungal infection may not be due to immune deficiency.

Key words: Serum Adenosine Deaminase Activity (ADA), Diabetic

Abstract: Antiaris toxicaria Lesch is one of the endemic plant to Kalimantan Island and some tropical countries in South East Asia region. Traditionally, the sap of plant was used as poison and attached in traditional weapon. The crude extract of the sap plant contain toxic material called Toxicarioside. The aims of the research are to identify the toxicity of the crude extract which are derived from heating and methanol extraction process to Rattus norvegicus mortality and examine ligan Toxicarioside activity using in silico method. Extract toxicity was analyzed using percentages of probit analysis of the R. Norvegicus and a toxicity indicators. In silico analysis on the value........

Key words: Antiaris toxicaria, bio-rodenticides, Toxicarioside

Abstract: Existing treatment regimens have not provided adequate solution to the metabolic dysfunctions associated with diabetes mellitus. We determined the effect of Trevo supplement on blood glucose, lipid profile and some micronutrients in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Phytochemical analysis of Trevo was carried out. Eighteen Wister rats weighing 150-250 g were allocated to three groups of six rats: Group 1, Wister rats fed on feed only; Group 2, diabetic Wister rats without Trevo; Group 3, diabetic rats on Trevo. Blood glucose, lipid profile and essential trace metals were determined using colorimetric method and atomic absorption spectrometry........

Key words: Trevo, Reactive oxygen species, Micronutrients, Phytochemical, Wistar rat.

Abstract: Hypertension (HTN) is a major modifiable risk factor for Cardio Vascular Disease. Incidence of HTN has been increasing in India between 3rd and 6th decades of life. 90-95% of the HYN falls under the primary or essential or idiopathic type and the cause is unknown Itis suggested that the pathophysiology might result from the interactions between genetic and the environmental factors. Also HTN produces imbalance between pro oxidants and antioxidants leading to increased oxidative stress, in turn leads to Atherosclerosis and Dyslipidemia. So, the aim of this study is to assess the level of oxidative stress parameters, body mass index (BMI)and antioxidants........

Key words: HTN,Oxidative stress, antioxidants, BMI, Ester Bauerand Stein Berg method, manual method.

Abstract: Biological activities for three cationic surfactants named N-(2-(lauroxy) ethyl)-N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) octane-1- ammonium bromide (Surfactant-L), N, N-bis (2-hydroxy ethyl)-N-(2-(myristyloxy) ethyl) octane-1-ammonium bromide (Surfactant-M), N, N-bis (2-hydroxy ethyl)-N-(2-(hexadecanoxy) ethyl) octane-1-ammonium bromide (Surfactant-P) were investigated by Well diffusion and N-broth dilution methods. They demonstrated marked antimicrobial activity against gram positive, gram negative bacterias and fungal. The pathogens antimicrobial activity was increased by Lauric acid derivative to palmitic acid derivative of quaternary ammonium surfactant.

Key words: Cationic Surfactant, Antimicrobial activity, Fatty acids, Well diffusion, N-broth dilution

Abstract: Enzymes play an important role in metabolism. They are exceedingly efficient and very specific in terms of nature of reduction catalyzed and the substrate utilized. Enzymes are very essential to catalyze all chemical reaction in the cells of organism, thus the action of a foreign contaminant in the cell usually involves disruption in enzyme function. The study was carried out to investigate the acute and sublethal toxicity of dye effluent on enzymological variables of a fresh water fish, Oreochromis mossambicus under laboratory conditions. The 96 hrs LC50 value of dye effluent to the fish, Oreochromis mossambicus was estimated by Probit analysis method and was found to be with 95% confidence limits during acute treatment 96 hrs, enzymological variables like GOT, GPT and LDH were...........

Key words: GOT, GPT, LDH, dye effluent, Oreochromis mossambicus

Abstract: The larvicidal potential of different solvent (Petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone, methanol, aqueous) extracts ofPogostemon quadrifoliusdried leaveswas tested against the 4th instar larvae of Culex quinquifasciatus.Larvicidal bioassaywas carried out using WHO standard method and the mortality was observed after 24 h exposure. The mortality data were subjected to probit analysis to determine the lethal concentration (LC50). The maximum larval mortality was detected in petroleum ether extract (LC50 0.112mg/ml) followed by acetone extract (LC50 0.0234 mg/ml). The phytochemical screening of the potent crude extracts revealed the presence of aikaloids, flavanoids, saponins and terpenoids. The petroleum ether extract was purified by column chromatography and the mobile phase used was designed from several experimental determination of TLC.All the recovered fractions were..........

Key words: Culexquinquefasciatus, Pogostemonquadrifolius, Phytochemicals, Larvicidalactivity

Abstract: Introduction: Infertility affects up to 15 per cent of couples. A male factor is solely responsible in about 20 per cent of infertile couples and contributory in 30–40 per cent of cases. Azoospermia is found in 15–20 per cent of the infertile male population, and in 10 per cent the sperm density is below 1 million/ml. Objective: To determine the role of Color Doppler Ultra-Sonography Resistive Index (RI) measurement of the testicular artery as a predictor values in the diagnosis & categorization of azoospermia. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study conducted in a period from March 2016 – March 2017, Wad Medani, Aljazeera, Sudan & includes 75 subjects, ratio 1:4, 15 with normal sperm (Normospermic) and the remaining with pathological sperm count (azoospermia or zero sperm), proved by semen analysis three months apart, referred by consultant Dermatovenerologist & Andrologist..........

Key words: Doppler US, PSV, EDV, RI, OA, NOA & SPSS.

Abstract: One of the long-term complications of diabetes is diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). DPN, which is characterized by the neuron demyelination often causes sensory loss.We have earlier reported the role of insulin in the expression of myelin proteins such as myelin basic protein (MBP) and myelin associated glycoprotein (MAG) during diabetic peripheral neuropathy condition. But the effect of insulin on the expression of Peripheral Myelin Protein 22 (PMP22) was not clear. Therefore, in this current study, we have analyzedthe effect of insulin on the expression of PMP22, both in vitro and in vivo using protein and mRNA expression studies. Results from both Western blotting and real time PCR confirmed that, expression of PMP22 concentration was decreased in diabetic condition and was recovered to normal upon treatment with insulin. These results corroborate the possibleneurotrophic role of insulin in enhancing the expression of PMP22 in the diabetic neuropathy condition.

Key words: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy, Insulin, Schwann cells, Myelin protein, Sciatic nerve.

Abstract: Direct regeneration of sugarcane cultivar (GT54-C9) through apical meristem is a sufficient protocol to obtain uniformed diseases-free plants. In this study, regeneration of shoots indicated that the highest number of shootlets, leaves and nodes were obtained from MS medium with 1mg/l BAP +0.25 mg/l NAA. However, the highest length of shootlet (16.9 cm) was noticed on MS medium fortified with 2mg/l KIN + 0.25 mg/l NAA. On the other hand, roots induction revealed that the highest length of roots (4.66cm) was resulted on ½ x MS contained 1mg/l IAA+ 0.5mg/l NAA. Whereas, the maximum number of roots (2.66) were recorded on ½ x MS supplemented with 1mg/l IBA+ 1mg/l NAA..........

Key words: Direct regeneration, apical meristem, sugarcane, BAP, KIN, NAA, IBA, IAA.ISSR

Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is growing in prevalence globally, according to the international diabetic federation more than 70.3 million people in Southeast Asian region have diabetes and by 2030 this will rise to 120.9 million. In India alone total of 63.0 million cases of diagnosed diabetes. Fifty percent or more of those with the disease are unaware of their condition. Early detection and treatment reduce the complications of DM. The objective of the study is to assess the risk of development of type 2 DM in rural Vikarabad population attending a tertiary health care hospital by simple scoring system. (Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) questionnaire)...........

Key words: Diabetes Mellitus, Early detection, Finnish Risk score, rural population, diabetes prevention strategies.

Abstract: Metabolism of lipids is altered during pregnancy to cater for the increased demand for fats to support the growth and development of the fetus. Hypertensive disease in pregnancy (HDP) is a major cause of morbidity for both mother and fetus. This study was aimed at determining the lipid profile changes in hypertensive pregnancies which could be used as a biomarker for HDP. This case control study comprised of 85 women with hypertensive disease in pregnancy (cases) and an equal number of matching controls. We compared the third trimester lipid profile in hypertensive and normal pregnancies. Fasting blood samples were analysed for total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) using enzymatic and spectrophotometric methods in an autoanalyzer. The serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level was calculated using the Friedewald's formula. Statistical analysis was done using student's t-test for continous variables and chi-square test..........

Key words: Lipid profile, hypertension, third trimester, pregnancy.

Abstract: Endophytic Bacteria are living in a symbiotic relationship with almost all plant species. These bacteria help the host for survival against pathogens, and several adverse environmental conditions. However, endophytes develop contamination in tissue culture grown plants and resist surface sterilization. To overcome this serious threat to tissue culture plants, we aimed study to decipher the endophytic bacteria present in banana which hinder tissue culture growth of staple food and seek out the effective antibiotics against them. In the current study, four sterilized banana suckers grown in MS medium with other supplements were found to be contaminated with gram negative endophytic bacteria. The bacterial genomic DNA was extracted and amplified for 16S rRNA and cloned for sequencing. The strains were identified as Klebsiella spp. and Erwinia spp. These strains were tested with six different antibiotics to prevent contamination in tissue culture. Three out of these antibiotics gentamicin, rifampicin and cefotaxime were found to be effective. The results obtained for this important nutritional crop can unlock the novel prospects for its improvement..

Key words: Endohytes, Rhizome, Gram staining, 16S rRNA, Antibiotic treatment