Version-1
- Citation
- Abstract
- Reference
- Full PDF
| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | LC Active Low Pass Ladder Filter by Lossless Floating Inductor Gyrator |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Manjula V. Katageri, M.M.Mutsaddi |
 |
: | 10.9790/4861-0330103  |
Abstract: A traditional approach of simulating floating inductance in active gyrator of OTA of equal transconductance is successively used in obtaining LC ladder consisting of four stages .The calculations done on floating inductance evaluate the respective cut off frequencies as expected from the calculation of resonant frequency. The equal transconductance of gyrators is more advantageous in the low pass filter design. A unified approach of gyrator LC filter with floating inductor is successively used for studying the response. This has the property of reducing noises at high frequency signal processing applications.
Keywords: OTA-Operational transconductance amplifier, Floating inductor, gyrator
[1] Alexander J. Lasson and Esther Rodriguez –Villegas, A review modern approach to LC Ladder synthesis, Journal of Low Power electron Appl.2-2011,1,20-44: 10 ,3390/J1pea 1010020
[2] Ivan S. Uzunov, Theoretical model of ungrounded Inductance realized with two Gyrators, IEEE Transactions on circuits and circuits and systems-II: Vol.55,NO.10, oct-2008..
[3] Priyanka soni, Prof.B.P. Singh, Monika Bhardwaj, Design of OTA based Floating Inductor, IEEE 978-1-4244-9190-2/2011.
[4] Neha Gupta, Meenakshi Suthar, Sapna Singh , Priyanka soni, Active filter design using two OTA based floating inductance simulator. International journal of VLSI & signal processing Applications, Vol.2, issue 1,Feb 2012 (47-50),ISSN 2231-3133.
[5] Wandee petch maneelumka, Simple floating inductance simulators using OTA's, International instrumentation and Measurement , 978-1-4244-3353-7/2009
[6] Kittisak Longsom boon, Wandee petchmaneelumka, Thepjit Cheypoca &Vanchai Riewruja, OTA based electronically variable floating inductance simulator, 1111 International conference on control, automation and systems, oct -26-29, 2011.
[7] Chitpol koomgaew,wandee petchmaneelumka & Vanhairiewruja ,OTA based floating inductance simulator ,ICROS –SICE International joint conference ,Aug-18-21,2009.].
[8] Datasheet- National Semiconductor corporation 2004,LM13600/LM13700 dual operational Transconductance amplifier with idealizing diodes and buffers.
[9] Shahram Minaei, Erkan Yuee, Oguzhan CieeKoglu , Lossless Active Floating Inductance simulator, IEEE Computer society, International workshop on electronic design,2005.
[10] Firat KACAR,Hakan KUNTMAN,CFOA – based Lossless and Lossy Inductance simulators, Radio engineering ,Vol.20, No.3,September 2011..
- Citation
- Abstract
- Reference
- Full PDF
| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | UHF Emission due to Bremsstrahlung from Lightning Return Stroke |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Mahendra Singh |
|
: | 10.9790/4861-0330407 |
Abstract: Assuming lightning discharge as plasma it is argued that the high electric field of return stroke produces energetic electrons (≥ 100 keV) and colliding energetic particles give rise to Bremsstrahlung which is a possible source of UHF emissions. The computed power of UHF wave for time and frequency responses is reported. In this theoretical study it is shown that a measurable amount of Bremsstrahlung power in UHF or microwave regions is generated by return stroke.
Keywords: Bremsstrahlung X-ray, Collision frequency, Lightning return stroke, Stepped leader, Plasma, Thunderstorm
[2]. J. Rai, On the origin UHF of atmospherics, J Atmos Terr Phys, 40, 1976, 475-478.
[3]. M. Takagi, Takeuti, Atmospheric radiation from lightning discharge. Proc Res Inst Atmos, 10, 1963, 1-11.
[4]. M. Brook and N. Kitagawa, Radiation from lightning discharges in the frequency range 400 to 1000 M c/s, J Geophys Res, 69, 1964, 2431-2434.
[5]. E. L. Kosarev, V. G. Zatsepin and A. V. Mitrafanov, Ultrahigh frequency radiation from lightning, J Geophys Res ,75, 1970, 7524-7530.
[6]. Devendraa Siingh, R. P. Singh, Ashok K. Singh, Sanjay Kumar, M. N. Kulkarni and Abhay K. Singh, Discharge in the Stratosphere / Mesosphere, Spac Sci Rev, 169,2012, 73-121.
[7]. Devendra Siingh, A. K, Singh, R. P. Patel, R. Singh, R. P. Singh, B. Vennadhari, and M. Mukherjee, Thunderstorm, lightning, sprites and magnetospheric whistler – mode waves,Survey in Geophys, 29, 2008, 499 – 551.
[8]. C. T. R. Wilson, The acceleration of β – particles in strong electric fields such as those of thunder clouds, Proc Cambridge Phil Soc, 22, 1924, 534-538.
[9]. B. F. J. Schonland, and J. P. T. Viljoen, On a penetrating radiation from thunder clouds, Proc Roy Soc London, A140, 1933, 314-333.
[10]. D. P Whitemire, Search for high energy radiation near lightning strokes, Lett. Nuovo Cimento, 26, 1979, 497-501.
- Citation
- Abstract
- Reference
- Full PDF
| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Performance Evaluation of an Adjustable and Collapsible Natural Convection Solar Food Dryer |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Yusuf Abdullahi, Musa Momoh, Mahmoud Mhammad Garba , Muazu Musa |
|
: | 10.9790/4861-0330818 |
Abstract: The performance evaluation of an adjustable and collapsible natural convection solar food dryer, capable of taking 14,688 pieces equivalent to 16.52kg of fresh groundnut with maximum moisture content of 35%, at maximum capacity of 3.39m2, and 3,672 pieces equivalent to 4.06kg of groundnut at minimum capacity of 0.8475m2, was carried out. The solar food dryer with air vents gap diameter of 10cm was tested at Sokoto Energy Research Centre from 29th September 2012 to 1st October 2012. It was used to dry 6kg of groundnut per day for three consecutive days. After drying for about 8 hours each day, it was found that the mass of the groundnut reduced to 4.5kg in the first day, 4.0kg in the second day and 3.5kg in the third day. At the end of the study, the collector's efficiency was 28.3% , dryer's efficiency was 23.0% and the system efficiency was 81.3%, while the drying rate of groundnut was 0.25kg/hr
[1]. Aklilu, T. (2004): "Experimental Analysis for Performance Evaluation of Solar Food dryer". Research Thesis. Department of Mechanical Engineering. School of Graduate Studies, Addis Ababa University.
[2]. Bukola, O. B ; Ayoola, P. O. (2008): Performance Evaluation of a Mixed- Mode Solar Dryer. A.U.J.T. 11(4): 225- 231
[3]. Bolaji, B. O (2005): Development and Performance Evaluation of a Box Type Absorber Solar Air Collector for Crop Drying. Journal of food technology 3 (4): 595 – 600.
[4]. Bassy, M.W (1989) :Development and Use of Solar Drying Technologies. Nigerian Journal of Solar Energy. 89:133- 64
[5]. Ceankoplis, C. J (1993) : Transport Process and Unit Operations. 3rd Edition Prentice Hall, Englewood: 508-512
[6]. Diamante, L.M ; Munro, P.A, (2004), Mathematical Modelling of Thin Layer Solar Drying of Sweet Potatos, Solar Energy,(51) 176 - 271
[7]. Ezekoye, B.A ; Enebe, O.M (2006): "Development and Performance Evaluation of Modified Integrated Passive Solar Grain Dryer". Pacific Journal of Science and Technology. 7(2) : 185- 190.
[8]. Geda- Gujurat Energy Development Agency, 2003, www.geda.com
[9]. Hallak, H; Hilal. J ; Rahhal, .R (1996): The Staircase Solar Dryer and Characteristics. Renewable Energy. 7 (2) : 177- 183.
[10]. Harringshaw, D. (1997): All About Food Drying, The Ohio State University Extension Facts Sheet – hyg – 5347- 97, www.ag.ohio-state.edu/