IOSR-JAP   Volume-1 ~ Issue-5 ~ July–August 2012

Paper Type : Research Paper Title : The Onset and Trend of Anisotropy in Greater Ughelli of Niger Delta Country : Nigeria Authors : Emudianughe.E.J, Ebeniro.J.O, Ehirim. C. N., : 10.9790/4861-0150106

Abstract: A rock material is anisotropic if it's measurable physical properties such as velocity exhibit different values when measured in different directions. The safest assumption is that the subsurface is anisotropic. If anisotropy is ignored when imaging the subsurface, it could have adverse effects. These adverse effects include sub-optimal time-to-depth conversion, well-to-seismic mismatch, as well as a poorly focused seismic image. This paper presents the result of a seismic anisotropy study carried out on pre-stack depth migrated gathers in Greater Ughelli of the Niger Delta which is generally characterized by repeated sequence of finely layered sand/shale intercalations. These sand/shale sequences are generally bound to be transversely anisotropic. The signature of anisotropy on the depth migrated gathers is the so-called "hockey sticks''. The first hockey sticks on pre-stack depth migrated gathers were observed and used for the mapping. The onset of anisotropy was correlated across an entire field (Assa North) in Greater Ughelli depobelt using seismic depth structure maps and fault polygons. The onset of anisotropy ranges from 1400ms – 1600ms. Anisotropy trend in study area is shallow in the NE, of average depth at the middle of the field and very deep SW.
Keywords: Anisotropy, Depobelt, Hockey sticks, Sand/Shale Sequence, Sub-optimal

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Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Nanoparticle Quantum Dots in Liquid phase (e.g. CdSe) – Synthesis, Thermodynamical study and Applications
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Vikas Sharma
	:	10.9790/4861-0150711

Abstract: Quantum Dots now days have revolutionized the world. These are the nanoparticles having a size less than or around 10 nm. In this paper, an effort has been made to understand the general synthesis of the quantum dots and the thermo dynamical study of the quantum dot particles. The whole process of nucleation and growth is also explained in detail. Various applications of these quantum dots in the different fields of science and technology also been described.
Keywords: Bottom-Up Approach, Crystallization, Growth, Nucleation, Supersaturation, Top-Down Approach, Quantum Dot

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Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Size Conducting Polyaniline
Country	:	India
Authors	:	CH. Srinivas, D. Srinivasu, B. Kavitha, N. Narsimlu, K. Siva Kumar
	:	10.9790/4861-0151215

Abstract: Conducting polymers have attracted considerable attention in the recent years due to their unique thermal, electrical, optical and magnetic properties. These polymers have been conducive for fabrication of micro-electronic devices. Among these polymers, Polyaniline (PANI) possesses an exceptional properties including structural, thermal and electrical. We have synthesized PANI in Emeraldine salt form by chemical oxidation method with controlled pH3 by using Ammonium perdisulphate as oxidizing agent. The morphology of PANI has been determined by using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Micrograms (SEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The studies revealed that Polyaniline possess rod like shape with radius around 75 nm and length around 617.6 nm. The DSC thermogram shows two exothermal peaks at around 97.07 oC and 152 oC, these peaks are attributed to the glass transition temperature (Tg) and PANI degradation temperature respectively. The final valley point (endothermic) around 175 oC is attributed to the melting point (Tm) of PANI. The voltage-current (V-I) characteristics of Polyaniline have studied at temperature 300 K. Due to semi crystalline solid nature of PANI, the transport of charge carriers may takes place in between and along PANI chains.
Key Words: Polyaniline, XRD, DLS, DSC, V-I characteristics, Exponent 'm'

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