IOSR-JAP   Volume-11 ~ Issue-2 ~ March-April 2019

ABSTRACT: To a greater or lesser extent, gravitational fields are always present in the environment of electromagnetic fields. Gravitational energy will decisively influence the value of electromagnetic energy present. Gravitons interact at subquantum level with photons, influencing the electromagnetic interaction. Moreover, gravitational interaction can produce photons by itself. The amount of gravitons that are necessary to have a photon of minimum energy and detectable frequency will be estimated. In addition, it is going to propose an electro-gravitodynamics compendium of vectorial character, descriptive of the fields that relate the graviton-photon interaction, both in a vacuum environment and in that of a material medium.

Keywords – Subquantum, Graviton, Photon, Electro-gravitodynamics, Fields, Subparticles

[1]. H. Javadi, F. Forouzbakhsh and H.Daei Kasmaei, Adaptive Review of Three Fundamental Questions in Physics, The General Science Journal, May 2016.
[2]. Eisberg R. and Resnick R, Fotones-Propiedades corpusculares de la Radiación, in Noriega (Ed.), Física Cuántica, 2 (Mexico:Limusa, 1989), 45-75, ISBN 9681804198.
[3]. B.R. Holstein, Graviton Physics, Arxiv: gr-qc/0607045v1, 2006.
[4]. L.S. Finn and P.J. Sutton, Bounding the Mass of the Graviton Using Binary Pulsar Observations, Arxiv: gr-qc/0109049v2, 2002.
[5]. I. Haranas and I. Gkigkitzis, The Mass of Graviton and Its Relation to the Number of Information According to the Holographic Principle, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2014, ID 718251, doi:10.1155/2014/718251.

ABSTRACT: Rubrene (5, 6, 11, 12-tetraphenyltetracene) is a prototype fluorescent molecule holding the record for the highest field effect mobility of organic semiconductors. It exhibits low stability and delocalization. In comparison with tetracene, both rubrene and tetracene exhibit the same fluorescent backbone, but due to the addition of functional group, the backbone of rubrene is twisted and planar for tetracene. A DFTmethods were carried outusing window version of Gaussian 09 software at B3LYP exchange and 6-311G basis. The work determined the change in the molecular and electronic propertiesof rubrene derivative with addition of cyanide (CN) as functional group. The bond lengths and bond angles were computed, and the results showed the strongest bond was found in CN-RUB.........

Keywords: DFT; NBO;IR Spectra;Reorganization energy and Rubrene

[1]. Bergantin, S. and Moret, M. (2012). Rubrene Polymorphs and Derivatives: The effect of Chemical Modification on the Crystal Structure. Cryst. Growth Des. 12, 6035-6041.
[2]. David S., Sholl, Janice A., and Steckel (2009) "Density Functional Theory (A Practical Introduction)''1-28.
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[5]. Feng Z. Chen L, Maddula H, Akan O, Oughtred R, Bermann H. and Westbrook J. (2014) "Ligand Depot : A data warehouse for Ligands and Macromolecules. Broonformatics 1, : 2153-2156.

ABSTRACT: GPS L – band signals get affected by ionospheric scintillation as a result satellite navigation too gets affected. The most extreme scintillation activity is expected to occur near the equatorial region during geomagnetic storms. The behavior and morphology of low latitude ionosphere is different from the other latitudes. The space weather conditions in low latitude show different nature because of the geomagnetic field. Due to penetration of soft, high energetic particles the plasma density increases, which is the main source of generation of ionospheric irregularities scintillation. GPS scintillation at low latitudes are primarily associated with equatorial spread F. Equatorial spread..........

[1]. Mukesh K Jothe and Pankaj K Shrivastava "Effect of recent soloar events on cosmic rays and Earth's geomagnetic field", IJRSP, Vol. 40, Pp 179-182.
[2]. Bradney Smith "The Effect of the Solar Cycle on Secondary Cosmic Ray Intensity and Cloud Formation", https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/Documents/.../secondary.../Paper---Bradney-Smith.pdf
[3]. Chanchal Uberoi "Geomagnetic Storms Over India: A Close Look at Historic Space Weather at Mumbai", Space Weather, VOL. 9, 2011, Pp 1-2.
[4]. J. R. Winckler and P. D. Bhavsar "Low-Energy Solar Cosmic Rays and the Geomagnetic Storm of May 12, 1959", Journaol FG EophysicarleSearci• Volume 65, NO. 9, 1960, Pp 2637-2655.
[5]. Shweta Mukherjee, Shivalika Sarkar, P.K. Purohit and A.K.Gwal "Study of GPS Ionospheric Scintillations Over Equatorial Anomaly Station Bhopal", International Journal of Advances in Earth Sciences, Volume 1, Issue 2, 2012, Pp 39-48.

ABSTRACT: Ternary (Ge0.17Se0.83)100-X InX Chalcogenide glassy alloys has been prepared by melt quenching technique. Various non-linear optical parameters such as third-order non-linear suspectibility ( χ(3)) and non-linear refractive index(n2) from linear optical parameters (χ(1)), n and Eg determined. Eg and refractive index (n) has been determined directly from the semi-empirical relation proposed by R.R.Reddy. The obtained data shows that the value of Eg decreases with the increase of In concentration, while the values of n2, n, ( χ(3)) and (χ(1)) increases with the increase in In concentration.

Key words:- Non-linear optical susceptibility and refractive index

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