Volume-6 ~ Issue-3

Abstract: Olive oil is the most important commodities produced in the Mediterranean region. Due to its significant economical importance, the usage of pesticides in its production is systematic, by using a wide range of plant protection products with a variety of modes of action. As a consequence, monitoring of their residue levels in these products is a necessity. In the present study a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography method, with a short sample preparation step, based on acetonitrile extraction is developed and validated in olive oil, with a large scope that includes Deltamethrin as pesticide. Good sensitivity and selectivity of the method were obtained with limits of quantification at 0.2 mg kg-1. Deltamethrin has recovery rate which is of about 80℅. We confirm also the efficiency of alumina, used as adsorbent in the clean up step, to remove triglycerides and to get a pure extract.

Key words: Clean up, Deltamethrin residues, HPLC, olive oil, dose of treatment.

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[2] E. G. Amvrazi and T. A. Albanis, Determination of various pesticide residues in Greek virgin olive oil by a multi-residue method using different clean up procedures and gas chromatography. T.D. Lekkas (Editor). 9 th International Conference in Environmental Science Technology. University of the Aegean, Rhodes Island, Greece, 2005.

[3] M. A. Aramendia, F. Lafont, A. Marinas, J. M. Marinas, J. M. Moreno, J. M. Porras and F. Jurbano, Determinacion de herbicidas en aceite de oliva mediante GC-MS y/o HPLC-MS. Symposium Cientıfico-Ténico EXPOLIVA. Spain, 2005.

[4] C. A. Badji, R. N. Guedes, A. A. Silva, A. S. Corre, M. E. Queiroz and M. Michereff-Filho, Non-target impact of deltamethrin on soil arthropods of maize fields under conventional and no-tillage cultivation. Journal of Application Entomology, 2007, 131[1], 50–58. [5] E. Ballesteros, A. Garcia sanchez and N. Ramos Martos, Simultaneous multidetermination of residues of pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in olive and olive-pomace oils by gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, Journal of Chromatography A, 2006, 1111, 89-96.

[6] E. Ballesteros Tribaldo, Carbamate pesticide residues in food. Hand book of Food Analysis. Marcel Dekker, New York, 2004, 1177-1209.

[7] R. Boussahel, K. M. Moussaoui and D. Harik, Determination of residues of deltaméthrin in wheat and potato by HPLC, African Journal of Agriculture Research, 2006, 1 [5], 182-185.

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[9] M. J. Chavarri, A. Herrera and A. Arin, The decrease in pesticides in fruit and vegetables during commercial processing, International Journal of Food Science Technology, 2005, 40, 205–211.

[10] A. Di Muccio, P. Pelosi, D. A. Barbini, T. Generali, S. Girolimetti, P. Stefanelli, A. Leonelli, G. Ama´ndola, L. Vergori and E. V. Fresquet, Determination of pyrethroid pesticide residues in fatty materials by solid-matrix dispersion partition, followed by mini-column size-exclusion chromatography, Journal of Chromatography A, 1999 , 833,19-34.

Abstract: Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QSAR) of some heterocyclic compounds was studied using some 3D parameters. The QSAR models indicated that Dipole Y, Dipole mag., Y length and some indicator parameters are very effective in describing the antifungal activities of these compounds against Candida albicans in the training and external test set. The multiple regression analysis have produced well predictive statistically significant and cross validated QSAR models which help to explore some expectedly potent compounds.

Keywords: QSAR, Dipole Y, Dipole mag, Y length, indicator parameters, cross validation.

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Abstract: Cellulose nanofibers were isolated from coconut coir fibers by chemical treatment using alkaline, mineral acids and inorganic salts, followed by mechanical treatment and disintegration methods like sonication, cryo crushing and dissolution. The size and morphology of cellulose nanofibers were investigated by using the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). The width of synthesized cellulose nanofibers investigated by the FESEM was around 30 nm to 90 nm and few microns in length. Elemental analysis of cellulose nano fibers were confirmed with the Energy Dispersive Analysis (EDS) results. XRD study was conducted for the crystalline property of cellulose nanofibers synthesized from coconut coir fibers using standard microcrystalline cellulose as reference. FT-IR spectra confirmed the presence of hydroxyl groups, C-H bond and the C-O-C groups in the synthesized cellulose nanofibers. The cellulose nano fibers were successfully utilized in the preparation of transparent thin film, filtration and water treatment.

Keyword: Coconut coir fiber, Cellulose nanofibers, nanomaterial, microcrystalline.

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Abstract: The anodic dissolution of zinc electrodes in sodium chloride aqueous solution has been investigated experimentally. The effects of application of polarity reversal (PR), ultrasonic (US) enhancement, stirring, current density (CD), concentration and pH of the supporting electrolyte, and temperature of the bath were studied. The results revealed that application of PR increased the dissolution of Zn but the current was low. However, the application of US enhancement led to higher zinc dissolution accompanied with higher current efficiency (CE). The combination of US enhancement and stirring led to more dissolution of zinc. Increasing the current density and concentration of NaCl increased the dissolution of zinc and the current efficiency was almost constant. On the other hand, pH of the bath did not play a significant effect on the amount of the dissolved zinc or current efficiency. It was also observed that increasing the temperature from 10 oC to 40 oC led to a significant increase in the mass of the dissolved zinc and CE; but the increase of temperature from 40 oC to 50 or 60 oC, however, did not have a significant effect.

Key words: Anodic dissociation, Electrochemistry, Green processes, Zinc, Zinc Oxide.

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