Volume-2 ~ Issue-6

Abstract: Kinetics and thermodynamic studies of bromination of N-(p-substituted phenyl) -3,5- dimethyl -1, 1- dioxo-1,2-thiazine (C4H2(CH3)2SO2 N C6H4-X); {X = H, p-Cl, and p-OCH3} by using bromine(Br2) in chloroform medium have been investigated by Isolation method the observed rate of bromination, pseudo first order for 1,2-thiazine and Br2 and second order in overall reaction and using spectrophotometric techniques. The reaction rate constant increases with increasing temperature from 273K to 318K. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters k, Ea, ΔH# and ΔS# have been calculated. The corresponding halogenated 1,2- thiazine has been identified as a product of halogenation. A suitable reaction scheme is proposed and an appropriate rate law is deduced to account for the observed kinetic and thermodynamic data.
Keywords : Bromination (Br2), Kinetic, Sultam, Spectroscopy, Thermodynamic.

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Abstract: The inhibition of the corrosion of mild steel by acid extract of Musa sapientum peels in 1M HCl was investigated using weight loss method. The results showed that the corrosion rate of mild steel in 1M HCl decreases with increase in concentration of the extracts and the values were in the range 0.013021 - 0.002127 ghr-1cm-2. The inhibition efficiency increases progressively as the concentration of the extracts increases up to about 4% (v/v), above which, further increase in extract concentration did not cause any significant change in the inhibition efficiency. Effects of temperature on the inhibition efficiency of the extracts showed that inhibition efficiency decreases with increase in temperature. Activation energy (Ea) was found to be 61.60 Kjmol-1 for 1M HCl and increases to 66.72Kjmol-1in the presence of Musa sapientum extract. The values for enthalpy of activation and entropy were all positive indicating the endothermic nature of the mild steel dissolution process. Calculated Gibbs free energy was in the range -9.43 to -8.99KJ. Kinetics of the reaction in the presence of the extracts revealed that it follows a first order reaction and the half-life increases as the concentration of the extracts increases suggesting that inhibition efficiency increases with increase in the concentration of the extracts. Preliminary investigation of the phytochemical constituents showed that Musa sapientumcontains tannin, flavonoid, terpenoid and some other compounds in trace constituents.
Keywords : Steel corrosion, inhibitor, Musa sapientum, kinetics, and thermodynamics

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Abstract: Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) / ZrO2 composites were prepared by sol gel method. The structural, micro structural and the dielectric properties of the composites were studied using X- ray diffraction( XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Hioki 3522-50 LCR Meter respectively. The electrical conductivity of composites has been investigated at different temperatures at frequency ranging from 50 Hz to 1MHZ. The dielectric loss, dielectric constant and conductivity were changed with change in the concentration of ZrO2 and frequency of applied field. The electrical conductivities of the composites were found to increase with increasing temperature.
Keywords :PVA, ZrO2, electrical conductivity, polymer composite

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Abstract: Physico-chemical and Microbial analyses were carried out on fifteen well waters in Abeokuta. The ranges of the result obtained are temperature ( 27.1oC-27.6oC); colour (5-10HU) ; Turbidity (1.05 -6.78 NTU ) ;pH (5.19-7.47 ).The odour was unobjectionable for samples 1,2,3 , 11,12,13,14,and 15 , others were objectionable. Sample 3 had the highest observed value for acidity (1.00mg/l). The values observed for total hardness and chloride ranged between 39-137mg/land 44-298mg/l respectively. All the samples had no alkalinity, iron and chloride residues, traces of Nitrite was observed. The total viable counts for all the water samples exceeded the standard limit of 1.0 x 105cfu/ml, the presumptive coliform counts, ranged between 10 x105cfu/ml and 60 x105cfu/ml, the total coliform count also ranged from 10 to 20 x105cfu/ml. All the water sample showed high concentration of Escharichia coli,this exceed the standard limit of zero14.The isolated identified were, Escharichia coli, Pseudomonas spieces, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella species and Entrobacter species. The observations indicate that the water in these wells are not fit for consumption except they are properly treated and screened.
Keywords :Bacteriological analysis, physicochemical, water pollution, water quality, well waters.

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