Volume-2 ~ Issue-3

Abstract: The thrust of this study was to determine the effects on Government oriented programmes (GOP) such as Better Life, Family Support, the Family Economic Advancement Programmes and so on production agriculture among rural women farmers in Ekiti and Enugu States. The study was a descriptive research design. A total of 320 rural women farmer were purposely sampled as the respondents for data collection. Means, standard deviation and Spearman rank correlation coefficient (r) were used to analyse the data for the study. The respondents agreed that GOP programmes have marked effects on the farmers' level of production (10 items out of 12) and that the programmes played significant roles in their life (13 out of 16 items). There was a strong relationship in the mean rating of adult and young women farmers on the effects of GOP on agricultural productivity among the respondents. It was recommended among others that government oriented programmes should be evaluated at local, state and national levels periodically, while the programmes should also be streamlined to have stable policy.

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Paper Type	:	Resaerch Paper
Title	:	Identification of Antioxidant compounds in red raspberry (Rubus Idaeus) Fruit in Kurdistan region (north Iraq)
Country	:	Iraq
Authors	:	Dalia A. Abdul, Srwa N. Majeed
	:	10.9790/5736-0230610

Abstract :The six different antioxidant compounds in red raspberry(Rubus ideaus) Fruit which grows in sulaimani city- Kurdistan region –north Iraq (season 2011) were detected by using HPLC technique including neoxanthin ,lutein, anthocynin ,ellagitanins,B-carotene and violaxanthin the amount of them were 21.6060mg/ml,110.8226mg/ml,291.7407mg/ml,205.2504mg/ml,261.6247mg/ml and 129.3089mg/ml respectively
Keyword: Antioxidant, red raspberry, HPLC analysis, lutein, anthocyanin, B-carotene, violaxanthin, neoxanthin, ellagitanins

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Abstract:This study suggests that Effective photocatalyst ZnPc/TiO2 based in the association between a semiconductor titanium dioxide TiO2 and zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) can be applied successfully for the photocatalytic degradation of 4–Nitrophenol that has been classified as first-degree toxic pollutants. ZnPc/TiO2 composite was prepared. Complete degradation was achieved after irradiation with solar light. Zinc phthalocyanine and ZnPc/TiO2 photocatalyst were synthesized. The effect of various parameters, such as photocatalyst loading, 4–Nitrophenol concentration, type of catalyst, pH of aqueous solution, type current gas and addition of H2O2 on photocatalytic oxidation were investigated. The degree of mineralization was tested by Total Organic Carbon experiment indicating that 4–Nitrophenol was completely mineralized. This composite ZnPc/TiO2 is able to perform efficiently degradation of 4-nitrophenol using solar irradiation.
Keywords -4–Nitrophenol, Photocatalytic degradation, Solar light, Titanium dioxide, Zinc phthalocyanine.

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Abstract:TThe distribution equilibrium of Zn (II) between synergistic mixture of N-n-octylaniline and trioctylamine in xylene and aqueous acidic thiocyanate media has been investigated as the function of concentration of extractant in organic phase and concentration of hydrogen ion and Zn (II) ions in aqueous phase. The stoichiometry of the extracted species was determined on the basis of slope analysis. Zn (II) is extracted by the anion exchange mechanism as [(RR'NH2)2 +Zn(SCN)4 2-]org or [(R3NH)2 +Zn(SCN)4 2-]org. The extraction process is favored due to synergism. It was found that a large number of cations and anions have a high tolerance limit. The selectivity of the extraction is increased by the use of suitable masking agents. The method is extended for the extraction of Zn (II) from synthetic mixture and pharmaceutical sample.
Keywords -N-n-octylaniline, Trioctylamine (TOA), Synergistic

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