Volume-9 ~ Issue-1 ~ January-2016

Abstract: This research work investigates the eutrophication status of the surface water of Abuja –Nigeria. Surface water samples were collected using 1000ml HDPE bottles and analyzed for a period of six months in five different sites. The concentration of nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), phosphorus (PO4 3-) and the COD were analyzed using standard procedure. Temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and total dissolved solids (TDS) were measured in situ during sampling. The results show the BOD value ranged from 3.10 at Site 5 to 40.30 at Site 4 (Figure 1). Sites 1-4 had BOD greater than 5 mg/l in October and hence rich in organic waste and prone to eutrophication. The highest value of COD was recorded in Site 4 in with a value of 86.000 ± 0.000 while the lowest value of 8.000 ±1.000 was recorded at Site 5 which is a Dam.

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Abstract: Honey is an extraordinary ad unique sweetening agent synthesized by the honey bees by collecting different nectars from different kinds of flowers. It is a natural product containing both food and medicinal values without causing any adverse effects. Out of all nutrients of the food carbohydrates are the most important nutrient which gives instant energy (power house in terms of energy). These carbohydrates are taking a very crucial role in metabolic activities (biological activities of the body) carried out in the body. They also responsible for the texture of the honey. Thus we have studied and investigated the comparative amounts of carbohydrates. The amounts of carbohydrates are calculated as reducing, non-reducing, and dextrin's. The reducing and non-reducing sugars are given by F/G ratios in each kind of uni-floral honeys of East-Godavari, A.P India. For the above study the samples are collected from different areas in different seasons for A.P. This information can give an idea about the selection of floral honey and the requirement basing on their health condition (diabetes). Origin of honey decided by the pollen analysis of the honey.

Keywords: Meleto Palionology, Frequency classes, Pollen morpho types, Chromoproteins, Metal activators, Unifloral, Multifloral.

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Abstract: The effect of sulphate ions in mixing water on performance of cement mortar was investigated. Mortar prisms were made using selected Portland Pozzolana cement and Ordinary Portland cement with sewage, swampy and bore-hole waters, commonly used as mix waters in most peri-urban set up in Kenya. Potable tap water was used as a control. Compressive strength was determined at 2nd, 7th, 28th, and 90th day of curing. Setting time was also investigated. Results showed that sewage and swampy mix waters had significant sulphate content. The sulphate ions reduced the early compressive strength development of cement mortar in both PPC and OPC. Further, sulphate ions retarded both initial and final setting times in PPC and OPC. The use of sewage and swampy waters as mix water containing high sulphate ions could lead to failure of concrete
and/or mortar and hence building and construction.
Key Words: Cement Mortar, Mixing water,OPC, PPC, Sulphate ions.

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[5]. Ding Q.Lu.Hu and Yong H. Preparation of high impermeable and crack resistance chemical admixtures and its mechanism. Material Science Journal,2002, 17, 70-73.